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This<00:00:16.940><c> is</c><00:00:17.679><c> the</c><00:00:17.859><c> first</c><00:00:18.239><c> of</c><00:00:18.519><c> a</c><00:00:18.620><c> series</c><00:00:18.920><c> of</c><00:00:19.079><c> six</c><00:00:19.399><c> lectures</c><00:00:20.120><c> delivered</c><00:00:20.879><c> by</c><00:00:21.140><c> Brother</c><00:00:21.460><c> John</c>

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Carter<00:00:22.239><c> at</c><00:00:22.760><c> the</c><00:00:22.899><c> 1952</c>

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session<00:00:24.539><c> of</c><00:00:25.260><c> the</c><00:00:25.379><c> Bible</c><00:00:25.780><c> School</c><00:00:26.079><c> at</c><00:00:26.280><c> Wilbraham.</c>

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The<00:00:28.179><c> general</c><00:00:28.620><c> subject</c><00:00:29.019><c> had</c><00:00:29.239><c> to</c><00:00:29.480><c> do</c><00:00:29.640><c> with</c><00:00:29.800><c> the</c><00:00:30.019><c> various</c><00:00:30.339><c> speeches</c><00:00:30.859><c> made</c>

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by<00:00:32.119><c> Christ's</c><00:00:32.679><c> apostles,</c>

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as<00:00:34.240><c> recorded</c><00:00:34.659><c> in</c><00:00:34.859><c> the</c><00:00:35.020><c> book</c><00:00:35.439><c> of</c><00:00:35.859><c> the</c><00:00:36.060><c> Acts</c><00:00:36.380><c> of</c><00:00:36.619><c> the</c><00:00:36.799><c> Apostles.</c>

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In<00:00:38.840><c> this</c><00:00:39.119><c> first</c><00:00:39.439><c> lecture,</c><00:00:39.979><c> our</c><00:00:40.159><c> attention</c><00:00:40.539><c> is</c><00:00:40.840><c> directed</c><00:00:41.340><c> to</c><00:00:42.259><c> the</c><00:00:42.359><c> New</c><00:00:42.579><c> Testament</c><00:00:43.179><c> as</c><00:00:43.640><c> a</c>

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divine<00:00:44.219><c> record</c><00:00:44.619><c> of</c><00:00:44.859><c> the</c>

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work<00:00:45.719><c> of</c><00:00:46.399><c> taking</c><00:00:46.700><c> out</c><00:00:46.960><c> a</c><00:00:47.200><c> people</c><00:00:47.439><c> from</c><00:00:47.740><c> the</c><00:00:47.920><c> nations</c><00:00:48.280><c> of</c><00:00:48.520><c> the</c>

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world<00:00:49.179><c> who</c><00:00:50.039><c> will</c><00:00:50.359><c> eventually</c><00:00:50.840><c> bring</c><00:00:51.259><c> glory</c>

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and<00:00:51.880><c> honor</c><00:00:52.299><c> to</c><00:00:53.280><c> the</c><00:00:53.460><c> name</c><00:00:53.700><c> of</c><00:00:53.979><c> God.</c>

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Brother<00:00:56.340><c> Carter</c><00:00:56.640><c> proves,</c><00:00:57.119><c> among</c><00:00:57.380><c> other</c><00:00:57.659><c> things,</c><00:00:58.979><c> that</c><00:00:59.520><c> Luke's</c><00:00:59.859><c> Gospel,</c><00:01:00.780><c> which</c>

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narrates<00:01:01.840><c> Christ's</c>

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birth<00:01:02.640><c> and</c><00:01:02.960><c> ministry,</c><00:01:04.680><c> and</c><00:01:04.840><c> the</c><00:01:05.040><c> book</c><00:01:05.219><c> of</c><00:01:05.420><c> the</c><00:01:05.599><c> Acts</c><00:01:05.819><c> of</c><00:01:06.000><c> the</c>

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Apostles,<00:01:07.099><c> also</c><00:01:07.519><c> written</c><00:01:07.780><c> by</c><00:01:08.140><c> Luke,</c><00:01:09.280><c> are</c>

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historically<00:01:10.359><c> correct,</c><00:01:11.700><c> as</c><00:01:12.140><c> well</c><00:01:12.420><c> as</c><00:01:12.739><c> wonderfully</c><00:01:13.040><c> clear</c><00:01:13.640><c> expositions</c><00:01:14.879><c> of</c>

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God's<00:01:16.040><c> great</c><00:01:16.260><c> plan</c><00:01:16.819><c> for</c>

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the<00:01:17.840><c> salvation</c><00:01:18.439><c> of</c><00:01:18.879><c> mankind.</c>

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We<00:01:21.480><c> present</c><00:01:22.159><c> Brother</c><00:01:23.019><c> John</c><00:01:23.540><c> Carter.</c>

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Dear<00:01:25.459><c> brethren</c><00:01:25.819><c> and</c><00:01:26.099><c> sisters,</c><00:01:27.959><c> this</c><00:01:28.120><c> afternoon</c><00:01:28.659><c> is</c><00:01:29.500><c> in</c><00:01:29.700><c> the</c><00:01:29.840><c> nature</c><00:01:30.120><c> of</c><00:01:30.299><c> a</c>

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little<00:01:30.680><c> skirmish.</c>

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We're<00:01:34.579><c> getting</c><00:01:34.700><c> to</c><00:01:34.900><c> know</c><00:01:35.000><c> something</c><00:01:35.379><c> about</c><00:01:36.680><c> the</c><00:01:37.019><c> book</c><00:01:37.359><c> and</c><00:01:38.239><c> the</c><00:01:38.400><c> purpose</c><00:01:38.700><c> of</c>

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it,<00:01:40.200><c> and</c><00:01:40.439><c> something</c>

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about<00:01:41.280><c> the</c><00:01:41.980><c> author</c><00:01:42.280><c> of</c><00:01:42.500><c> it</c><00:01:43.079><c> and</c><00:01:43.400><c> the</c><00:01:43.540><c> quality</c><00:01:43.859><c> of</c><00:01:44.040><c> his</c><00:01:44.260><c> work.</c>

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And<00:01:45.900><c> then</c><00:01:46.700><c> we</c><00:01:47.579><c> can</c><00:01:47.799><c> only</c><00:01:48.060><c> promise</c><00:01:48.359><c> you,</c><00:01:49.540><c> in</c><00:01:49.640><c> the</c><00:01:51.000><c> afternoons</c>

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that<00:01:51.739><c> follow,</c><00:01:52.920><c> some</c><00:01:53.739><c> fairly</c><00:01:54.219><c> hard</c><00:01:54.560><c> thinking.</c>

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out<00:02:03.879><c>-thought</c><00:02:04.819><c> their</c><00:02:05.359><c> opponents.</c>

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without<00:02:10.520><c> recognizing</c><00:02:11.219><c> that</c><00:02:11.460><c> they</c><00:02:11.680><c> did</c>

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some<00:02:12.180><c> very</c><00:02:12.759><c> high</c><00:02:13.280><c> thinking.</c>

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And<00:02:15.039><c> we</c><00:02:15.099><c> can't</c><00:02:15.360><c> read</c><00:02:15.520><c> the</c><00:02:15.780><c> speeches</c><00:02:16.120><c> in</c><00:02:16.479><c> Acts,</c><00:02:17.039><c> either,</c><00:02:17.979><c> without</c><00:02:18.300><c> realizing</c><00:02:18.900><c> with</c>

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what<00:02:19.520><c> courgency</c><00:02:20.060><c> and</c>

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power<00:02:20.680><c> they</c><00:02:20.879><c> put</c><00:02:21.080><c> forward</c><00:02:21.520><c> their</c><00:02:21.819><c> case.</c>

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It's<00:02:23.719><c> an</c><00:02:23.879><c> object</c><00:02:24.120><c> lesson</c><00:02:24.419><c> for</c><00:02:24.659><c> us</c><00:02:25.520><c> that</c><00:02:26.080><c> we,</c><00:02:26.919><c> in</c><00:02:27.120><c> a</c><00:02:27.259><c> similar</c><00:02:27.539><c> manner,</c><00:02:27.919><c> know</c><00:02:28.219><c> what</c><00:02:28.500><c> we</c>

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believe<00:02:29.060><c> and</c>

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put<00:02:29.419><c> it</c><00:02:29.639><c> forward</c><00:02:30.219><c> with</c><00:02:31.080><c> a</c><00:02:31.319><c> similar</c><00:02:31.680><c> power</c><00:02:32.240><c> of</c><00:02:32.699><c> presentation</c>

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that<00:02:33.560><c> they</c><00:02:33.860><c> used.</c>

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we'll<00:02:41.300><c> make</c><00:02:41.539><c> a</c><00:02:41.759><c> study</c><00:02:41.960><c> of</c><00:02:42.139><c> it.</c>

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But<00:02:43.979><c> those</c><00:02:44.580><c> Epistles</c><00:02:45.039><c> and</c><00:02:45.319><c> all</c><00:02:45.520><c> the</c><00:02:45.680><c> others</c><00:02:46.159><c> were</c><00:02:46.800><c> written</c><00:02:47.139><c> off</c><00:02:47.599><c> to</c>

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meet<00:02:48.080><c> a</c><00:02:48.340><c> particular</c><00:02:48.740><c> situation.</c>

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And<00:02:51.419><c> one</c><00:02:52.039><c> day,</c><00:02:53.599><c> when</c><00:02:53.800><c> the</c><00:02:54.500><c> brethren</c><00:02:54.719><c> and</c><00:02:55.000><c> sisters</c><00:02:55.280><c> were</c><00:02:55.580><c> assembled</c><00:02:56.020><c> in</c><00:02:56.340><c> Colossus</c><00:02:56.879><c> A,</c>

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the<00:02:58.780><c> recording</c>

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brother<00:02:59.379><c> of</c><00:02:59.539><c> that</c><00:02:59.840><c> time</c><00:03:00.020><c> says,</c><00:03:00.780><c> we've</c><00:03:01.860><c> got</c><00:03:02.020><c> with</c><00:03:02.219><c> us</c><00:03:02.400><c> Brother</c>

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So<00:03:02.919><c>-and</c><00:03:03.159><c>-so</c><00:03:03.300><c> who's</c><00:03:03.680><c> brought</c><00:03:03.879><c> an</c><00:03:04.139><c> Epistle</c>

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from<00:03:04.719><c> Paul,</c><00:03:06.240><c> and</c><00:03:06.240><c> he</c><00:03:07.280><c> will</c><00:03:07.580><c> read</c><00:03:07.740><c> it</c><00:03:08.000><c> to</c><00:03:08.120><c> us.</c>

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Or<00:03:09.460><c> some</c><00:03:09.620><c> other</c><00:03:09.819><c> brother</c><00:03:10.159><c> of</c><00:03:10.360><c> ability</c><00:03:11.219><c> for</c><00:03:11.460><c> reading</c><00:03:11.800><c> was</c><00:03:12.020><c> given</c><00:03:12.280><c> the</c>

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job<00:03:12.759><c> of</c><00:03:13.340><c> reading</c><00:03:13.659><c> it.</c>

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And<00:03:14.680><c> it</c><00:03:14.840><c> was</c><00:03:15.099><c> written</c><00:03:15.620><c> to</c><00:03:16.960><c> be</c><00:03:17.439><c> understood</c><00:03:18.639><c> then,</c><00:03:20.000><c> when</c><00:03:20.259><c> it</c><00:03:20.560><c> was</c>

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written<00:03:21.219><c> and</c><00:03:22.000><c> when</c><00:03:22.360><c> it</c><00:03:22.620><c> was</c><00:03:22.840><c> read.</c>

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I<00:03:24.740><c> wonder</c><00:03:24.879><c> sometimes</c><00:03:25.460><c> if</c><00:03:25.699><c> we</c><00:03:26.759><c> aren't</c><00:03:26.979><c> a</c><00:03:27.159><c> little</c><00:03:27.860><c> small</c><00:03:28.400><c> in</c><00:03:28.719><c> stature</c><00:03:30.000><c> compared</c><00:03:30.699><c> to</c>

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the<00:03:31.439><c> first</c><00:03:31.919><c> century</c><00:03:32.500><c> Christians</c>

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in<00:03:34.379><c> their</c><00:03:34.900><c> thinking</c><00:03:35.340><c> power</c><00:03:35.780><c> concerning</c><00:03:36.400><c> the</c><00:03:36.699><c> faith</c><00:03:36.900><c> which</c><00:03:37.080><c> was</c><00:03:37.300><c> in</c>

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Christ<00:03:37.860><c> Jesus.</c>

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Well,<00:03:40.340><c> in</c><00:03:40.439><c> keeping</c><00:03:40.719><c> with</c><00:03:40.960><c> that</c><00:03:41.460><c> high</c><00:03:41.900><c> thinking,</c><00:03:42.460><c> we</c><00:03:42.560><c> get</c><00:03:42.819><c> the</c>

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record<00:03:43.460><c> of</c><00:03:43.900><c> what</c><00:03:44.120><c> they</c><00:03:44.360><c> did.</c>

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Just<00:03:47.039><c> think</c><00:03:47.280><c> how</c><00:03:47.500><c> destitute</c><00:03:48.000><c> we</c><00:03:48.219><c> would</c><00:03:48.460><c> be</c><00:03:49.099><c> if</c><00:03:49.819><c> we</c><00:03:50.060><c> hadn't</c><00:03:50.400><c> got</c>

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the<00:03:51.080><c> Acts</c><00:03:51.319><c> of</c><00:03:51.520><c> the</c><00:03:51.699><c> Apostles.</c>

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It<00:03:53.699><c> takes</c><00:03:54.000><c> us</c><00:03:54.280><c> to</c><00:03:54.520><c> somewhere</c><00:03:54.879><c> in</c><00:03:55.199><c> the</c><00:03:55.419><c> seventh</c><00:03:55.780><c> decade</c><00:03:56.659><c> of</c><00:03:57.599><c> the</c>

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first<00:03:58.800><c> century.</c>

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All<00:04:01.219><c> that</c><00:04:01.620><c> is</c><00:04:02.280><c> written</c><00:04:02.560><c> in</c><00:04:02.939><c> Acts</c><00:04:03.219><c> occurred</c><00:04:04.340><c> before</c><00:04:05.360><c> the</c><00:04:05.719><c> fall</c>

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of<00:04:06.120><c> Jerusalem.</c>

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But<00:04:10.960><c> how</c><00:04:11.599><c> much</c><00:04:11.840><c> do</c><00:04:12.039><c> we</c><00:04:12.199><c> know</c><00:04:13.259><c> of</c><00:04:13.979><c> what</c><00:04:14.259><c> happened</c><00:04:14.860><c> after</c><00:04:15.460><c> the</c><00:04:15.680><c> fall</c><00:04:15.840><c> of</c><00:04:16.040><c> Jerusalem?</c>

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How<00:04:17.860><c> much</c><00:04:18.100><c> of</c><00:04:18.300><c> church</c><00:04:18.639><c> history</c><00:04:19.560><c> does</c><00:04:20.860><c> any</c><00:04:21.100><c> one</c><00:04:21.300><c> of</c><00:04:21.420><c> us</c><00:04:21.600><c> know</c><00:04:22.459><c> of</c>

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the<00:04:23.300><c> period</c><00:04:23.639><c> that</c><00:04:23.939><c> followed</c><00:04:24.220><c> Acts,</c>

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let<00:04:25.959><c> alone</c><00:04:26.259><c> the</c><00:04:26.500><c> second</c><00:04:26.800><c> century</c><00:04:27.300><c> and</c><00:04:27.500><c> the</c><00:04:27.740><c> third?</c>

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There<00:04:29.259><c> may</c><00:04:29.399><c> be</c><00:04:29.560><c> a</c><00:04:29.660><c> few</c><00:04:29.819><c> among</c><00:04:30.060><c> us</c><00:04:30.240><c> with</c><00:04:31.240><c> a</c><00:04:31.459><c> bent</c><00:04:31.680><c> for</c><00:04:31.980><c> history</c><00:04:32.420><c> who</c><00:04:32.660><c> have</c><00:04:32.860><c> made</c><00:04:33.060><c> a</c>

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study<00:04:33.480><c> of</c><00:04:33.680><c> it.</c>

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But<00:04:34.980><c> what</c><00:04:35.379><c> I</c><00:04:35.500><c> want</c><00:04:35.680><c> us</c><00:04:35.920><c> to</c><00:04:36.500><c> impress</c><00:04:36.959><c> upon</c><00:04:37.339><c> ourselves</c><00:04:37.860><c> is</c><00:04:38.319><c> that</c>

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if<00:04:39.639><c> we</c><00:04:39.839><c> hadn't</c><00:04:40.040><c> got</c><00:04:40.259><c> the</c><00:04:40.500><c> Acts</c><00:04:40.680><c> of</c><00:04:40.879><c> the</c><00:04:41.060><c> Apostles,</c>

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we<00:04:41.620><c> would</c><00:04:41.779><c> be</c><00:04:42.040><c> just</c><00:04:42.300><c> as</c><00:04:42.519><c> destitute</c><00:04:43.079><c> of</c><00:04:43.319><c> knowledge</c><00:04:43.600><c> concerning</c>

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the<00:04:45.160><c> first</c><00:04:45.420><c> half</c><00:04:45.740><c> century</c><00:04:46.300><c> of</c><00:04:47.620><c> Christian</c><00:04:48.060><c> life.</c>

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And<00:04:49.600><c> that</c><00:04:49.779><c> was</c><00:04:50.000><c> the</c><00:04:50.620><c> vital</c><00:04:51.199><c> half</c><00:04:51.639><c> century.</c>

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Therefore,<00:04:54.360><c> within</c><00:04:54.560><c> the</c><00:04:54.839><c> canon</c><00:04:55.100><c> of</c><00:04:55.579><c> Holy</c><00:04:55.860><c> Writ,</c><00:04:57.019><c> we</c><00:04:57.040><c> have</c><00:04:57.300><c> an</c>

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inspired<00:04:58.060><c> record</c><00:04:58.680><c> of</c><00:04:59.759><c> the</c><00:05:00.019><c> beginnings</c><00:05:00.339><c> of</c><00:05:00.600><c> Christianity,</c>

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of<00:05:02.500><c> the</c><00:05:02.819><c> outworking</c><00:05:03.399><c> of</c><00:05:03.699><c> the</c><00:05:03.939><c> divine</c><00:05:04.199><c> purpose</c><00:05:04.860><c> after</c><00:05:05.660><c> the</c><00:05:05.879><c> ascension</c><00:05:06.439><c> of</c>

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Jesus<00:05:07.180><c> Christ</c>

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in<00:05:08.620><c> the</c><00:05:08.860><c> work</c><00:05:09.079><c> that</c><00:05:09.339><c> the</c><00:05:09.540><c> Apostles</c><00:05:09.899><c> did</c><00:05:10.519><c> in</c><00:05:10.980><c> pursuit</c><00:05:11.220><c> of</c><00:05:11.439><c> the</c>

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commission<00:05:11.959><c> that</c><00:05:12.160><c> he</c><00:05:12.279><c> gave</c><00:05:12.519><c> unto</c><00:05:12.819><c> them.</c>

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Acts<00:05:15.439><c> is</c><00:05:15.699><c> a</c><00:05:15.879><c> record</c><00:05:16.579><c> of</c><00:05:17.339><c> the</c><00:05:17.579><c> beginning</c><00:05:17.839><c> of</c><00:05:18.079><c> this</c><00:05:18.300><c> divine</c><00:05:18.819><c> work</c>

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upon<00:05:19.540><c> earth,</c>

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of<00:05:20.300><c> taking</c><00:05:20.439><c> out</c><00:05:20.740><c> of</c><00:05:20.879><c> the</c><00:05:21.040><c> Gentiles</c><00:05:22.000><c> a</c><00:05:22.620><c> people</c><00:05:22.839><c> for</c><00:05:23.040><c> his</c><00:05:23.279><c> name.</c>

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It<00:05:25.800><c> has</c><00:05:26.079><c> been</c><00:05:26.399><c> assailed,</c><00:05:28.259><c> and</c><00:05:28.399><c> assailed</c><00:05:29.300><c> with</c><00:05:29.899><c> considerable</c><00:05:30.579><c> vigor.</c>

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A<00:05:32.620><c> little</c><00:05:32.779><c> over</c><00:05:33.019><c> a</c><00:05:33.060><c> hundred</c><00:05:33.339><c> years</c><00:05:33.680><c> ago,</c><00:05:35.000><c> there</c><00:05:35.079><c> was</c><00:05:35.240><c> a</c><00:05:35.420><c> school</c>

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in<00:05:35.939><c> Germany</c><00:05:36.339><c> which</c><00:05:37.959><c> gave</c><00:05:38.300><c> the</c><00:05:38.540><c> name</c><00:05:38.879><c> to</c><00:05:40.060><c> a</c><00:05:40.300><c> mode</c><00:05:40.459><c> of</c><00:05:40.819><c> thought</c>

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with<00:05:41.319><c> regard</c><00:05:41.680><c> to</c><00:05:42.579><c> the</c><00:05:43.180><c> epistles</c><00:05:43.639><c> and</c><00:05:43.879><c> the</c><00:05:44.040><c> writings</c><00:05:44.399><c> of</c><00:05:44.620><c> the</c>

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New<00:05:44.860><c> Testament.</c>

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At<00:05:47.980><c> Tübingen,</c><00:05:49.079><c> a</c><00:05:49.279><c> school</c><00:05:49.519><c> in</c><00:05:49.660><c> Germany,</c><00:05:51.160><c> there</c><00:05:51.319><c> were</c><00:05:52.040><c> a</c><00:05:52.439><c> company</c><00:05:52.759><c> of</c><00:05:52.980><c> scholars</c>

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who<00:05:54.939><c> dismissed</c><00:05:55.420><c> most</c><00:05:55.819><c> of</c><00:05:56.000><c> the</c><00:05:56.120><c> New</c><00:05:56.279><c> Testament</c><00:05:56.779><c> writings</c><00:05:57.240><c> to</c>

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the<00:05:57.600><c> second</c><00:05:57.959><c> century.</c>

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We<00:05:59.939><c> needn't</c><00:06:00.339><c> go</c><00:06:00.939><c> into</c><00:06:01.379><c> the</c><00:06:01.740><c> philosophy</c><00:06:02.220><c> of</c><00:06:02.420><c> the</c><00:06:02.540><c> matter,</c><00:06:03.360><c> that</c>

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is<00:06:03.699><c> to</c><00:06:03.759><c> say</c><00:06:03.899><c> their</c><00:06:04.120><c> philosophy</c><00:06:04.740><c> of</c><00:06:05.360><c> history,</c>

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whereby<00:06:06.160><c> they</c><00:06:06.500><c> explained</c><00:06:06.980><c> it.</c>

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There's<00:06:08.379><c> something</c><00:06:08.620><c> much</c><00:06:08.860><c> more</c><00:06:09.139><c> interesting,</c><00:06:09.519><c> more</c><00:06:09.759><c> important</c><00:06:10.240><c> to</c><00:06:10.439><c> do</c>

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than<00:06:10.759><c> that.</c>

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But<00:06:11.939><c> what</c><00:06:12.139><c> we</c><00:06:12.300><c> must</c><00:06:12.480><c> recognize</c><00:06:13.100><c> is</c><00:06:13.759><c> that</c><00:06:14.740><c> they</c><00:06:15.100><c> somehow</c><00:06:15.660><c> acquired</c><00:06:16.319><c> a</c>

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dominant<00:06:16.939><c> interest,</c>

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so<00:06:18.759><c> that</c><00:06:19.439><c> fifty</c><00:06:19.759><c> years</c><00:06:20.100><c> ago,</c><00:06:21.779><c> most</c><00:06:21.879><c> scholars</c><00:06:22.319><c> would</c><00:06:22.540><c> have</c><00:06:22.740><c> approached</c><00:06:23.079><c> the</c>

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New<00:06:23.459><c> Testament</c>

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from<00:06:25.360><c> what</c><00:06:25.879><c> they</c><00:06:26.339><c> thought</c><00:06:26.680><c> was</c><00:06:27.399><c> an</c><00:06:27.779><c> established</c><00:06:28.259><c> position,</c>

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that<00:06:30.720><c> all</c><00:06:31.540><c> the</c><00:06:32.019><c> epistles</c><00:06:32.360><c> of</c><00:06:32.639><c> Paul,</c><00:06:33.000><c> except</c><00:06:33.379><c> the</c><00:06:33.639><c> four</c><00:06:33.860><c> greater</c><00:06:34.319><c> epistles,</c><00:06:35.560><c> were</c>

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not<00:06:35.939><c> written</c><00:06:36.160><c> by</c><00:06:36.399><c> Paul</c><00:06:36.660><c> at</c><00:06:36.920><c> all,</c>

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that<00:06:38.319><c> the</c><00:06:38.480><c> Acts</c><00:06:38.699><c> of</c><00:06:38.899><c> the</c><00:06:39.019><c> Apostles</c><00:06:39.600><c> and,</c><00:06:39.860><c> in</c><00:06:40.100><c> fact,</c><00:06:41.060><c> most</c><00:06:41.339><c> of</c>

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the<00:06:41.639><c> Gospels</c><00:06:42.600><c> belong</c><00:06:43.100><c> to</c><00:06:43.300><c> the</c><00:06:43.459><c> second</c><00:06:43.720><c> century.</c>

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Now,<00:06:46.420><c> if</c><00:06:46.879><c> that</c><00:06:47.459><c> were</c><00:06:47.879><c> the</c><00:06:48.000><c> case,</c><00:06:49.420><c> we</c><00:06:49.500><c> wouldn't</c><00:06:49.759><c> have</c><00:06:49.980><c> very</c>

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reliable<00:06:50.879><c> history.</c>

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If<00:06:52.560><c> the</c><00:06:52.800><c> first</c><00:06:53.000><c> written</c><00:06:53.300><c> records</c><00:06:53.759><c> of</c><00:06:54.000><c> the</c><00:06:54.139><c> beginning</c><00:06:54.699><c> of</c><00:06:55.060><c> Christianity</c><00:06:55.660><c> were</c>

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dated<00:06:57.759><c> in</c><00:06:58.279><c> the</c><00:06:58.459><c> second</c><00:06:58.680><c> century,</c>

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we<00:07:01.040><c> couldn't</c><00:07:01.360><c> expect</c><00:07:02.139><c> that</c><00:07:02.839><c> they</c><00:07:03.000><c> would</c><00:07:03.199><c> be</c><00:07:03.319><c> very,</c><00:07:03.620><c> very</c><00:07:03.959><c> dependable.</c>

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And<00:07:06.100><c> therefore,</c><00:07:07.139><c> Luke's</c><00:07:07.500><c> writings</c><00:07:07.860><c> were</c><00:07:08.180><c> very</c><00:07:08.519><c> suspect.</c>

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And<00:07:11.019><c> there</c><00:07:11.360><c> were</c><00:07:11.639><c> a</c><00:07:11.740><c> number</c><00:07:12.019><c> of</c><00:07:13.100><c> points</c><00:07:13.399><c> in</c><00:07:13.620><c> his</c><00:07:14.259><c> record</c><00:07:14.800><c> which</c>

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were<00:07:16.699><c> assailed</c><00:07:17.240><c> as</c><00:07:17.540><c> being</c><00:07:17.860><c> particularly</c><00:07:18.600><c> vulnerable.</c>

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And<00:07:20.839><c> I</c><00:07:20.959><c> want</c><00:07:21.100><c> to</c><00:07:21.259><c> tell</c><00:07:21.420><c> you</c><00:07:21.720><c> about</c><00:07:22.120><c> one</c><00:07:22.379><c> or</c><00:07:22.480><c> two</c><00:07:22.699><c> of</c><00:07:22.920><c> those,</c>

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as<00:07:24.680><c> illustrating</c><00:07:25.319><c> how</c><00:07:25.600><c> modern</c><00:07:25.939><c> discovery</c><00:07:26.699><c> has</c><00:07:27.899><c> vindicated</c><00:07:28.600><c> in</c><00:07:28.779><c> a</c>

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wonderful<00:07:29.279><c> way</c>

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the<00:07:30.699><c> truth</c><00:07:31.060><c> of</c><00:07:31.759><c> the</c><00:07:31.959><c> record</c><00:07:32.540><c> which</c><00:07:33.620><c> we</c><00:07:33.839><c> have</c><00:07:33.980><c> in</c><00:07:34.779><c> the</c><00:07:35.000><c> writings</c>

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through<00:07:35.980><c> Luke.</c>

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He<00:07:39.300><c> tells</c><00:07:39.620><c> us</c><00:07:39.860><c> in</c><00:07:40.019><c> his</c><00:07:40.279><c> Gospel</c><00:07:40.680><c> of</c><00:07:40.920><c> the</c><00:07:41.040><c> birth</c><00:07:41.240><c> of</c><00:07:41.459><c> Jesus,</c>

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and<00:07:43.819><c> with</c><00:07:44.180><c> the</c><00:07:44.980><c> insight</c><00:07:45.519><c> of</c><00:07:46.100><c> a</c><00:07:46.439><c> historian</c><00:07:46.860><c> and</c><00:07:47.980><c> in</c><00:07:48.139><c> all</c><00:07:48.379><c> these</c>

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relative<00:07:49.959><c> remarks</c><00:07:50.660><c> concerning</c><00:07:51.339><c> the</c><00:07:51.620><c> writer,</c>

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we<00:07:52.959><c> do</c><00:07:53.160><c> not</c><00:07:53.339><c> forget</c><00:07:53.600><c> that</c><00:07:53.860><c> behind</c><00:07:54.319><c> it</c><00:07:54.600><c> all</c><00:07:54.839><c> was</c><00:07:55.060><c> the</c><00:07:55.699><c> inspiration</c><00:07:56.279><c> and</c><00:07:56.600><c> guidance</c><00:07:57.060><c> of</c><00:07:57.259><c> the</c><00:07:57.439><c> power</c><00:07:57.639><c> of</c><00:07:57.879><c> God,</c>

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but<00:07:58.839><c> nevertheless</c><00:07:59.360><c> God</c><00:07:59.680><c> used</c><00:08:00.160><c> the</c><00:08:00.420><c> men</c><00:08:00.699><c> and</c><00:08:01.560><c> used</c><00:08:01.800><c> their</c><00:08:02.100><c> aptitudes</c><00:08:02.660><c> and</c><00:08:02.920><c> abilities,</c>

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and<00:08:03.800><c> we</c><00:08:03.980><c> can</c><00:08:04.759><c> discern</c><00:08:05.220><c> the</c><00:08:05.420><c> difference</c><00:08:05.779><c> between</c><00:08:06.180><c> John's</c><00:08:06.639><c> Gospel</c><00:08:06.899><c> and</c>

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Matthew's<00:08:07.620><c> Gospel,</c>

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and<00:08:08.139><c> Duke</c><00:08:08.579><c> has</c><00:08:09.000><c> his</c><00:08:09.220><c> own</c><00:08:09.439><c> distinctive</c><00:08:10.019><c> style</c><00:08:10.480><c> and</c><00:08:10.720><c> method</c><00:08:10.939><c> of</c><00:08:11.220><c> approach.</c>

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Well,<00:08:13.439><c> Luke,</c><00:08:14.259><c> with</c><00:08:14.879><c> the</c><00:08:15.120><c> historian's</c><00:08:16.300><c> sense</c><00:08:16.519><c> of</c><00:08:17.439><c> proportion</c>

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and<00:08:18.220><c> fitness,</c>

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puts<00:08:19.920><c> the</c><00:08:20.279><c> birth</c><00:08:20.480><c> of</c><00:08:20.680><c> Jesus</c><00:08:21.220><c> in</c><00:08:22.319><c> the</c><00:08:22.639><c> framework</c><00:08:23.079><c> of</c><00:08:23.500><c> world</c><00:08:23.720><c> events,</c>

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and<00:08:25.660><c> he</c><00:08:25.860><c> tells</c><00:08:26.240><c> us</c><00:08:27.420><c> that</c><00:08:28.060><c> when</c><00:08:28.399><c> Jesus</c><00:08:28.819><c> was</c><00:08:29.199><c> born,</c><00:08:30.920><c> Mary,</c><00:08:31.160><c> at</c>

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great<00:08:32.019><c> inconvenience,</c>

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must<00:08:33.940><c> accompany</c><00:08:34.500><c> Joseph,</c><00:08:35.539><c> her</c><00:08:35.759><c> espoused</c><00:08:36.279><c> husband,</c><00:08:37.759><c> to</c><00:08:37.940><c> Bethlehem.</c>

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No<00:08:40.139><c> easy</c><00:08:40.620><c> road</c><00:08:40.960><c> from</c><00:08:41.240><c> Nazareth</c><00:08:41.679><c> in</c><00:08:41.879><c> the</c><00:08:42.059><c> north</c><00:08:42.580><c> to</c><00:08:43.480><c> Bethlehem,</c>

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just<00:08:44.919><c> below</c><00:08:45.299><c> Jerusalem.</c>

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But<00:08:47.240><c> she</c><00:08:47.820><c> must</c><00:08:49.320><c> perforce</c><00:08:49.820><c> take</c><00:08:50.139><c> this</c><00:08:50.399><c> journey,</c>

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because<00:08:52.500><c> a</c><00:08:52.960><c> decree</c><00:08:53.399><c> had</c><00:08:54.539><c> gone</c><00:08:54.740><c> forth</c><00:08:55.059><c> from</c><00:08:55.379><c> Augustus</c><00:08:56.019><c> that</c><00:08:56.259><c> there</c><00:08:56.500><c> should</c><00:08:56.779><c> be</c>

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an<00:08:57.419><c> enrollment,</c>

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and<00:08:59.440><c> Luke</c><00:08:59.600><c> tells</c><00:08:59.899><c> us</c><00:09:00.120><c> that</c><00:09:00.340><c> this</c><00:09:00.620><c> enrollment</c><00:09:01.039><c> was</c><00:09:01.320><c> first</c><00:09:01.679><c> made</c>

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when<00:09:02.860><c> Quirinius</c><00:09:03.460><c> was</c><00:09:03.740><c> governor</c><00:09:04.139><c> of</c><00:09:04.379><c> Judea.</c>

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Then<00:09:07.340><c> the</c><00:09:07.519><c> critic</c><00:09:07.779><c> comes</c><00:09:08.120><c> in</c><00:09:08.659><c> to</c><00:09:08.879><c> play,</c><00:09:10.100><c> and</c><00:09:10.480><c> he</c><00:09:10.620><c> says</c><00:09:10.740><c> it's</c>

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altogether<00:09:11.639><c> impossible.</c>

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Augustus<00:09:14.159><c> never</c><00:09:14.440><c> ordered</c><00:09:14.940><c> an</c><00:09:15.240><c> enrollment.</c>

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In<00:09:16.799><c> any</c><00:09:17.080><c> case,</c><00:09:17.519><c> Luke</c><00:09:17.639><c> has</c><00:09:17.879><c> made</c><00:09:18.120><c> a</c><00:09:18.299><c> mistake,</c>

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for<00:09:19.879><c> Quirinius</c><00:09:20.500><c> was</c><00:09:20.700><c> governor</c><00:09:21.399><c> of</c><00:09:21.740><c> Judea</c><00:09:22.139><c> ten</c><00:09:22.340><c> years</c><00:09:22.639><c> after</c>

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the<00:09:23.159><c> date</c><00:09:23.340><c> of</c><00:09:23.519><c> the</c><00:09:23.659><c> birth</c><00:09:23.879><c> of</c><00:09:24.059><c> Jesus,</c>

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and<00:09:27.139><c> even</c><00:09:27.720><c> if</c><00:09:28.200><c> there</c><00:09:28.480><c> were</c><00:09:28.700><c> an</c><00:09:29.000><c> enrollment,</c>

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they<00:09:30.539><c> wouldn't</c><00:09:31.240><c> have</c><00:09:31.679><c> to</c><00:09:31.799><c> go</c><00:09:31.980><c> to</c><00:09:32.159><c> their</c><00:09:32.320><c> native</c><00:09:32.700><c> place</c><00:09:33.080><c> because</c><00:09:33.440><c> it</c><00:09:33.620><c> would</c><00:09:33.820><c> be</c>

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so<00:09:34.259><c> very</c><00:09:34.960><c> inconvenient.</c>

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And<00:09:37.340><c> so</c><00:09:38.139><c> recent</c><00:09:38.559><c> as</c><00:09:38.860><c> the</c><00:09:39.039><c> turn</c><00:09:39.259><c> of</c><00:09:39.440><c> the</c><00:09:39.600><c> century,</c>

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in<00:09:42.220><c> fact</c><00:09:42.480><c> in</c><00:09:42.659><c> the</c><00:09:43.139><c> last</c><00:09:44.019><c> commentary,</c><00:09:46.259><c> complete</c><00:09:46.539><c> commentary</c>

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on<00:09:48.159><c> the</c><00:09:48.600><c> New</c><00:09:48.820><c> Testament</c><00:09:49.500><c> text,</c>

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I'm<00:09:51.539><c> showing</c><00:09:51.700><c> you</c><00:09:51.879><c> that</c><00:09:52.059><c> it</c><00:09:52.159><c> isn't</c><00:09:52.340><c> a</c><00:09:52.460><c> book</c><00:09:52.600><c> that</c><00:09:52.759><c> has</c><00:09:53.000><c> been</c><00:09:53.220><c> superseded,</c>

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the<00:09:55.120><c> writer</c><00:09:55.639><c> who</c><00:09:56.059><c> had</c><00:09:56.340><c> spent</c><00:09:56.759><c> a</c><00:09:57.159><c> lifetime</c><00:09:57.659><c> as</c><00:09:58.080><c> a</c><00:09:58.240><c> teacher</c><00:09:58.559><c> of</c>

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theological<00:09:59.480><c> students</c><00:10:00.340><c> could</c><00:10:01.059><c> say,</c>

00:10:02.220 --> 00:10:05.360
concerning<00:10:02.620><c> these</c><00:10:03.039><c> opening</c><00:10:03.360><c> verses</c><00:10:03.759><c> of</c><00:10:03.960><c> Luke</c><00:10:04.200><c> chapter</c><00:10:04.659><c> two,</c>

00:10:05.360 --> 00:10:08.720
the<00:10:06.039><c> passage</c><00:10:06.360><c> has</c><00:10:06.620><c> given</c><00:10:06.879><c> rise</c><00:10:07.259><c> to</c><00:10:07.500><c> a</c><00:10:07.700><c> host</c><00:10:07.960><c> of</c><00:10:08.240><c> questions</c>

00:10:08.720 --> 00:10:10.120
which<00:10:09.039><c> have</c><00:10:09.240><c> been</c><00:10:09.580><c> discussed</c>

00:10:10.120 --> 00:10:13.980
with<00:10:10.460><c> bewildering</c><00:10:11.059><c> conflict</c><00:10:11.500><c> of</c><00:10:11.799><c> opinion</c><00:10:12.259><c> in</c><00:10:13.179><c> an</c><00:10:13.419><c> extensive</c>

00:10:13.980 --> 00:10:16.960
critical<00:10:14.480><c> and</c><00:10:14.779><c> apologetic</c><00:10:15.799><c> literature.</c>

00:10:17.480 --> 00:10:19.840
The<00:10:17.580><c> difficulty</c><00:10:18.019><c> is</c><00:10:18.200><c> not</c><00:10:18.399><c> so</c><00:10:18.639><c> much</c><00:10:18.820><c> as</c><00:10:19.000><c> to</c><00:10:19.159><c> the</c><00:10:19.320><c> meaning</c><00:10:19.600><c> of</c>

00:10:19.840 --> 00:10:21.059
the<00:10:20.059><c> evangelists'</c><00:10:20.700><c> words,</c>

00:10:21.100 --> 00:10:27.460
but<00:10:21.419><c> rather</c><00:10:21.860><c> as</c><00:10:22.240><c> to</c><00:10:22.419><c> their</c><00:10:22.639><c> truth,</c><00:10:24.360><c> and</c><00:10:24.580><c> he</c><00:10:25.240><c> chooses</c><00:10:25.539><c> out</c><00:10:26.000><c> four</c><00:10:26.440><c> points.</c>

00:10:27.960 --> 00:10:29.460
One,<00:10:28.360><c> apart</c><00:10:28.679><c> from</c><00:10:28.879><c> the</c><00:10:29.059><c> Gospel,</c>

00:10:29.460 --> 00:10:32.919
history<00:10:30.179><c> knows</c><00:10:30.519><c> nothing</c><00:10:30.919><c> of</c><00:10:31.039><c> a</c><00:10:31.279><c> general</c><00:10:31.620><c> imperial</c><00:10:32.240><c> census</c><00:10:32.700><c> in</c>

00:10:32.919 --> 00:10:34.960
the<00:10:33.120><c> time</c><00:10:33.320><c> of</c><00:10:33.559><c> Augustus.</c>

00:10:35.559 --> 00:10:38.100
Second,<00:10:36.000><c> there</c><00:10:36.120><c> could</c><00:10:36.340><c> have</c><00:10:36.600><c> been</c><00:10:36.759><c> no</c><00:10:37.000><c> Roman</c><00:10:37.340><c> census</c><00:10:37.799><c> during</c>

00:10:38.100 --> 00:10:40.080
the<00:10:38.220><c> time</c><00:10:38.559><c> of</c><00:10:38.799><c> Herod</c><00:10:38.899><c> the</c><00:10:39.139><c> Great.</c>

00:10:40.320 --> 00:10:43.860
And<00:10:40.580><c> third,</c><00:10:41.019><c> such</c><00:10:41.120><c> a</c><00:10:41.480><c> census</c><00:10:41.659><c> at</c><00:10:41.879><c> such</c><00:10:42.100><c> a</c><00:10:42.320><c> time</c><00:10:42.559><c> could</c><00:10:42.820><c> not</c><00:10:43.000><c> have</c><00:10:43.179><c> been</c><00:10:43.379><c> carried</c><00:10:43.580><c> out</c>

00:10:43.860 --> 00:10:44.620
by<00:10:44.080><c> Quirinius,</c>

00:10:44.679 --> 00:10:46.960
for<00:10:44.740><c> he</c><00:10:44.840><c> was</c><00:10:45.059><c> not</c><00:10:45.259><c> governor</c><00:10:45.580><c> in</c><00:10:45.860><c> Syria</c><00:10:46.120><c> then,</c><00:10:46.399><c> not</c><00:10:46.580><c> till</c><00:10:46.779><c> ten</c>

00:10:46.960 --> 00:10:48.120
years<00:10:47.220><c> later,</c>

00:10:48.240 --> 00:10:50.740
when<00:10:48.379><c> he</c><00:10:48.500><c> did</c><00:10:48.679><c> make</c><00:10:48.940><c> a</c><00:10:49.120><c> census</c><00:10:49.399><c> which</c><00:10:49.639><c> gave</c><00:10:49.919><c> rise</c><00:10:50.120><c> to</c><00:10:50.340><c> a</c><00:10:50.460><c> revolt</c>

00:10:50.740 --> 00:10:52.639
under<00:10:51.000><c> Judas</c><00:10:51.320><c> of</c><00:10:51.620><c> Galilee.</c>

00:10:53.220 --> 00:10:55.820
And<00:10:53.539><c> fourthly,</c><00:10:53.879><c> under</c><00:10:54.179><c> a</c><00:10:54.320><c> Roman</c><00:10:54.580><c> census,</c><00:10:55.220><c> it</c><00:10:55.240><c> could</c><00:10:55.480><c> not</c><00:10:55.659><c> have</c>

00:10:55.820 --> 00:10:57.440
been<00:10:56.000><c> necessary</c><00:10:56.399><c> for</c><00:10:56.659><c> Joseph</c><00:10:57.019><c> and</c><00:10:57.240><c> Mary</c>

00:10:57.440 --> 00:11:00.879
to<00:10:57.700><c> go</c><00:10:57.740><c> to</c><00:10:57.960><c> Bethlehem</c><00:10:58.519><c> or</c><00:10:58.700><c> for</c><00:10:58.879><c> Mary</c><00:10:59.120><c> to</c><00:10:59.379><c> accompany</c><00:10:59.799><c> him.</c>

00:11:01.639 --> 00:11:03.559
And<00:11:01.759><c> on</c><00:11:02.000><c> verse</c><00:11:02.240><c> two</c><00:11:02.440><c> he</c><00:11:02.559><c> has</c><00:11:02.779><c> this</c><00:11:03.139><c> comment,</c>

00:11:03.820 --> 00:11:06.860
One<00:11:03.940><c> could</c><00:11:04.220><c> almost</c><00:11:04.720><c> wish</c><00:11:05.100><c> it</c><00:11:05.360><c> had</c><00:11:05.519><c> been</c><00:11:05.820><c> omitted,</c>

00:11:07.059 --> 00:11:09.899
or<00:11:07.200><c> that</c><00:11:07.279><c> there</c><00:11:07.539><c> were</c><00:11:07.659><c> reason</c><00:11:08.200><c> to</c><00:11:08.480><c> believe,</c><00:11:09.120><c> or</c><00:11:09.320><c> as</c><00:11:09.480><c> has</c><00:11:09.639><c> been</c>

00:11:09.899 --> 00:11:11.960
suggested<00:11:10.340><c> by</c><00:11:10.639><c> several</c><00:11:11.000><c> writers,</c>

00:11:12.120 --> 00:11:15.399
that<00:11:12.240><c> it</c><00:11:12.399><c> is</c><00:11:12.580><c> a</c><00:11:12.740><c> glass</c><00:11:12.899><c> that</c><00:11:13.080><c> has</c><00:11:13.299><c> found</c><00:11:13.600><c> its</c><00:11:13.840><c> way</c><00:11:14.019><c> into</c><00:11:14.240><c> the</c><00:11:14.500><c> text,</c>

00:11:15.500 --> 00:11:18.519
and<00:11:15.740><c> that</c><00:11:15.960><c> Luke</c><00:11:16.360><c> is</c><00:11:16.840><c> not</c><00:11:17.080><c> responsible</c><00:11:17.679><c> for</c><00:11:17.980><c> it.</c>

00:11:18.759 --> 00:11:22.840
So<00:11:19.080><c> much</c><00:11:19.340><c> trouble</c><00:11:19.720><c> has</c><00:11:19.940><c> it</c><00:11:20.120><c> given</c><00:11:20.639><c> to</c><00:11:21.700><c> commentators.</c>

00:11:23.059 --> 00:11:27.340
Now,<00:11:23.659><c> if</c><00:11:24.019><c> these</c><00:11:24.360><c> men</c><00:11:24.620><c> who</c><00:11:25.980><c> were</c><00:11:25.980><c> professed</c><00:11:26.519><c> adherents</c><00:11:26.960><c> of</c><00:11:27.159><c> the</c>

00:11:27.340 --> 00:11:28.279
Christian<00:11:27.759><c> religion,</c>

00:11:28.279 --> 00:11:32.200
for<00:11:28.519><c> the</c><00:11:28.700><c> most</c><00:11:29.019><c> part,</c><00:11:29.279><c> had</c><00:11:29.419><c> been</c><00:11:29.740><c> loyal</c><00:11:30.139><c> to</c><00:11:30.399><c> their</c><00:11:31.240><c> text,</c>

00:11:32.480 --> 00:11:35.679
they<00:11:32.700><c> would</c><00:11:32.940><c> have</c><00:11:33.139><c> said</c><00:11:33.379><c> that</c><00:11:33.639><c> Luke</c><00:11:33.840><c> is</c><00:11:34.080><c> a</c><00:11:34.200><c> credible</c><00:11:34.539><c> witness,</c>

00:11:35.860 --> 00:11:38.559
and<00:11:36.039><c> if</c><00:11:36.179><c> he</c><00:11:36.360><c> tells</c><00:11:36.559><c> us</c><00:11:36.899><c> something</c><00:11:37.220><c> that</c><00:11:37.639><c> seems</c><00:11:37.919><c> to</c><00:11:38.139><c> have</c><00:11:38.320><c> been</c>

00:11:38.559 --> 00:11:40.480
omitted<00:11:38.840><c> from</c><00:11:39.059><c> other</c><00:11:39.460><c> histories,</c>

00:11:40.840 --> 00:11:43.360
well,<00:11:41.059><c> so</c><00:11:41.299><c> much</c><00:11:41.500><c> the</c><00:11:41.720><c> worse</c><00:11:41.919><c> for</c><00:11:42.179><c> them.</c>

00:11:44.460 --> 00:11:47.899
But,<00:11:45.480><c> through</c><00:11:45.620><c> the</c><00:11:45.779><c> magnificent</c><00:11:46.360><c> work</c><00:11:46.700><c> of</c><00:11:46.899><c> Sir</c><00:11:47.000><c> William</c><00:11:47.440><c> Ramsay,</c>

00:11:47.899 --> 00:11:54.100
there<00:11:49.059><c> has</c><00:11:49.379><c> been</c><00:11:49.720><c> an</c><00:11:50.179><c> entire</c><00:11:50.659><c> reversal</c><00:11:51.320><c> of</c><00:11:53.120><c> the</c><00:11:53.360><c> attitude</c><00:11:53.820><c> of</c>

00:11:54.100 --> 00:11:58.220
scholars<00:11:54.779><c> to</c><00:11:56.039><c> Luke's</c><00:11:57.720><c> writings.</c>

00:11:59.019 --> 00:12:04.399
On<00:11:59.139><c> this</c><00:11:59.399><c> particular</c><00:12:00.460><c> issue,</c><00:12:02.039><c> papyrus</c><00:12:02.639><c> papers</c><00:12:03.139><c> found</c><00:12:03.539><c> in</c><00:12:03.840><c> Egypt</c>

00:12:04.399 --> 00:12:10.779
have<00:12:05.580><c> shown</c><00:12:06.019><c> that</c><00:12:06.200><c> there</c><00:12:06.480><c> was</c><00:12:06.899><c> a</c><00:12:07.759><c> regular</c><00:12:08.159><c> system</c><00:12:08.639><c> of</c><00:12:09.019><c> enrollment</c><00:12:09.600><c> every</c>

00:12:10.779 --> 00:12:12.419
14<00:12:11.240><c> years.</c>

00:12:13.440 --> 00:12:17.720
These<00:12:14.080><c> bits</c><00:12:14.539><c> of</c><00:12:14.899><c> papyri</c><00:12:15.440><c> have</c><00:12:16.159><c> been</c><00:12:16.779><c> discovered</c><00:12:17.240><c> in</c><00:12:17.440><c> Egypt</c>

00:12:17.720 --> 00:12:22.200
because<00:12:18.100><c> the</c><00:12:18.320><c> dryness</c><00:12:18.740><c> of</c><00:12:18.919><c> the</c><00:12:19.120><c> climate</c><00:12:19.480><c> there</c><00:12:19.919><c> has</c><00:12:20.159><c> been</c><00:12:21.240><c> the</c>

00:12:22.200 --> 00:12:24.940
means<00:12:22.720><c> whereby</c><00:12:23.120><c> they</c><00:12:23.299><c> have</c><00:12:23.480><c> been</c><00:12:23.779><c> preserved.</c>

00:12:25.159 --> 00:12:28.379
But<00:12:25.340><c> what</c><00:12:25.559><c> obtained</c><00:12:26.000><c> in</c><00:12:26.279><c> Egypt</c><00:12:26.539><c> would</c><00:12:26.799><c> obtain</c><00:12:27.200><c> elsewhere.</c>

00:12:29.039 --> 00:12:32.139
And<00:12:29.200><c> a</c><00:12:29.299><c> sufficient</c><00:12:29.659><c> series</c><00:12:30.220><c> has</c><00:12:30.460><c> been</c><00:12:30.779><c> discovered</c><00:12:31.240><c> to</c><00:12:31.559><c> show</c>

00:12:32.139 --> 00:12:36.360
that<00:12:32.980><c> this</c><00:12:33.279><c> enrollment</c><00:12:33.720><c> took</c><00:12:34.019><c> place</c><00:12:34.299><c> every</c><00:12:34.600><c> 14</c><00:12:35.039><c> years.</c>

00:12:37.139 --> 00:12:39.779
So<00:12:37.259><c> far</c><00:12:37.399><c> as</c><00:12:37.559><c> we</c><00:12:37.679><c> know,</c><00:12:37.860><c> there</c><00:12:38.039><c> has</c><00:12:38.240><c> been</c><00:12:38.440><c> no</c><00:12:38.659><c> discovery</c><00:12:39.200><c> of</c><00:12:39.419><c> any</c>

00:12:39.779 --> 00:12:41.879
scrap<00:12:40.080><c> of</c><00:12:40.279><c> the</c><00:12:40.519><c> first</c><00:12:40.860><c> enrollment.</c>

00:12:42.179 --> 00:12:46.419
But<00:12:42.539><c> the</c><00:12:42.820><c> series</c><00:12:43.240><c> takes</c><00:12:43.679><c> us</c><00:12:44.019><c> back</c><00:12:44.820><c> to</c><00:12:45.440><c> the</c><00:12:45.600><c> year</c><00:12:45.840><c> when</c><00:12:46.100><c> Christ</c>

00:12:46.419 --> 00:12:47.919
was<00:12:46.700><c> born,</c>

00:12:48.120 --> 00:12:52.659
and<00:12:48.840><c> it</c><00:12:49.059><c> tells</c><00:12:49.279><c> us</c><00:12:49.500><c> that</c><00:12:49.620><c> they</c><00:12:49.779><c> had</c><00:12:50.139><c> to</c><00:12:50.259><c> go</c><00:12:50.539><c> to</c><00:12:50.700><c> their</c><00:12:50.879><c> native</c><00:12:51.279><c> place</c><00:12:51.960><c> as</c><00:12:52.460><c> a</c>

00:12:52.659 --> 00:12:54.580
family<00:12:53.000><c> to</c><00:12:53.200><c> be</c><00:12:53.440><c> enrolled.</c>

00:12:56.200 --> 00:13:00.539
But<00:12:56.919><c> an</c><00:12:57.620><c> inscription</c><00:12:58.139><c> which</c><00:12:58.679><c> has</c><00:12:59.059><c> been</c><00:12:59.559><c> discovered</c><00:13:00.059><c> by</c><00:13:00.399><c> Sir</c>

00:13:00.539 --> 00:13:02.279
William<00:13:00.899><c> Ramsay</c><00:13:01.240><c> himself</c>

00:13:02.279 --> 00:13:05.919
in<00:13:03.379><c> Antioch</c><00:13:04.100><c> in</c><00:13:04.360><c> Pisidia</c><00:13:04.799><c> in</c><00:13:05.059><c> Asia</c><00:13:05.340><c> Minor</c>

00:13:05.919 --> 00:13:10.480
has<00:13:06.919><c> established</c><00:13:07.700><c> that</c><00:13:07.980><c> Quirinius</c><00:13:08.519><c> was</c><00:13:08.740><c> sent</c><00:13:09.059><c> on</c><00:13:09.279><c> a</c><00:13:09.460><c> military</c><00:13:09.860><c> mission</c>

00:13:10.480 --> 00:13:14.879
to<00:13:11.960><c> quarrel</c><00:13:12.279><c> a</c><00:13:12.580><c> tribal</c><00:13:12.960><c> revolt</c><00:13:13.419><c> in</c><00:13:13.700><c> Asia</c><00:13:14.019><c> Minor.</c>

00:13:15.539 --> 00:13:19.019
And<00:13:15.659><c> the</c><00:13:15.840><c> strategy</c><00:13:16.299><c> of</c><00:13:16.539><c> it</c><00:13:16.779><c> required</c><00:13:17.240><c> that</c><00:13:17.440><c> there</c><00:13:17.639><c> should</c><00:13:17.919><c> be</c>

00:13:19.019 --> 00:13:19.860
an<00:13:19.299><c> attack,</c>

00:13:20.360 --> 00:13:25.860
a<00:13:20.379><c> pincer</c><00:13:20.740><c> movement</c><00:13:21.320><c> from</c><00:13:22.159><c> Asia</c><00:13:22.580><c> Minor</c><00:13:23.120><c> and</c><00:13:24.080><c> from</c><00:13:24.759><c> Syria.</c>

00:13:26.460 --> 00:13:32.299
And<00:13:26.860><c> a</c><00:13:27.179><c> military</c><00:13:28.259><c> officer</c><00:13:29.080><c> in</c><00:13:30.179><c> charge</c><00:13:30.519><c> of</c><00:13:31.000><c> such</c><00:13:31.340><c> a</c><00:13:31.700><c> matter</c>

00:13:32.299 --> 00:13:38.480
took<00:13:33.120><c> precedence</c><00:13:34.679><c> over</c><00:13:35.440><c> the</c><00:13:36.259><c> governor</c><00:13:36.679><c> for</c><00:13:36.960><c> the</c><00:13:37.159><c> time</c><00:13:37.419><c> being.</c>

00:13:39.299 --> 00:13:42.700
And<00:13:39.440><c> the</c><00:13:39.720><c> inscription</c><00:13:40.139><c> shows</c><00:13:40.559><c> that</c><00:13:40.779><c> at</c><00:13:40.960><c> that</c><00:13:41.179><c> time</c><00:13:42.019><c> Quirinius</c>

00:13:42.700 --> 00:13:44.500
was<00:13:42.940><c> in</c><00:13:43.279><c> charge,</c>

00:13:44.519 --> 00:13:48.700
and<00:13:44.700><c> therefore</c><00:13:44.960><c> the</c><00:13:45.360><c> edict</c><00:13:45.700><c> would</c><00:13:45.940><c> be</c><00:13:46.320><c> issued</c><00:13:46.860><c> by</c><00:13:47.600><c> him.</c>

00:13:49.360 --> 00:13:53.100
And<00:13:49.559><c> on</c><00:13:49.820><c> every</c><00:13:50.100><c> point</c><00:13:50.440><c> where</c><00:13:50.759><c> Luke</c><00:13:51.080><c> was</c><00:13:51.500><c> thought</c><00:13:51.659><c> to</c><00:13:51.879><c> be</c><00:13:52.120><c> wrong,</c>

00:13:53.559 --> 00:13:56.539
the<00:13:53.799><c> discoveries</c><00:13:54.240><c> of</c><00:13:54.460><c> the</c><00:13:54.600><c> last</c><00:13:54.919><c> 50</c><00:13:55.220><c> years</c><00:13:55.639><c> have</c><00:13:55.919><c> shown</c><00:13:56.179><c> him</c>

00:13:56.539 --> 00:13:59.759
to<00:13:56.860><c> be</c><00:13:58.000><c> marvelously</c><00:13:58.799><c> right.</c>

00:14:00.159 --> 00:14:06.200
Now,<00:14:01.240><c> Ramsay</c><00:14:02.019><c> went</c><00:14:03.460><c> out</c><00:14:03.779><c> to</c><00:14:04.000><c> Asia</c><00:14:04.320><c> Minor</c><00:14:04.720><c> in</c><00:14:05.080><c> the</c><00:14:05.299><c> eighties</c><00:14:05.899><c> of</c>

00:14:06.200 --> 00:14:07.580
last<00:14:06.460><c> century,</c>

00:14:08.539 --> 00:14:13.659
and<00:14:08.720><c> he</c><00:14:09.000><c> says</c><00:14:09.259><c> that</c><00:14:09.480><c> when</c><00:14:09.659><c> he</c><00:14:09.960><c> went</c><00:14:10.419><c> he</c><00:14:11.360><c> accepted</c><00:14:11.860><c> without</c><00:14:12.399><c> question</c>

00:14:14.220 --> 00:14:18.120
the<00:14:15.000><c> decisions</c><00:14:15.740><c> of</c><00:14:16.139><c> the</c><00:14:16.399><c> Tubingen</c><00:14:16.919><c> School.</c>

00:14:18.899 --> 00:14:21.879
He<00:14:19.059><c> was</c><00:14:19.299><c> familiar</c><00:14:19.700><c> with</c><00:14:19.980><c> what</c><00:14:20.220><c> scraps</c><00:14:20.559><c> of</c><00:14:20.820><c> history</c><00:14:21.200><c> have</c><00:14:21.399><c> survived</c>

00:14:21.879 --> 00:14:25.960
concerning<00:14:22.639><c> the</c><00:14:23.740><c> history</c><00:14:24.139><c> of</c><00:14:24.460><c> Asia</c><00:14:24.740><c> Minor.</c>

00:14:26.379 --> 00:14:33.320
And<00:14:27.139><c> he</c><00:14:27.740><c> began</c><00:14:28.659><c> an</c><00:14:30.220><c> exploration,</c><00:14:31.320><c> an</c><00:14:31.500><c> archaeological</c><00:14:32.159><c> exploration</c><00:14:33.000><c> in</c>

00:14:33.320 --> 00:14:34.320
Asia<00:14:33.700><c> Minor,</c>

00:14:34.740 --> 00:14:37.580
his<00:14:34.940><c> interests</c><00:14:35.299><c> being</c><00:14:35.820><c> particularly</c><00:14:36.580><c> bound</c><00:14:36.960><c> up</c><00:14:37.179><c> with</c><00:14:37.340><c> the</c>

00:14:37.580 --> 00:14:38.279
meeting<00:14:37.919><c> place</c>

00:14:38.279 --> 00:14:40.799
of<00:14:38.539><c> East</c><00:14:38.799><c> and</c><00:14:39.039><c> West,</c><00:14:39.259><c> which</c><00:14:39.460><c> was</c><00:14:39.720><c> there.</c>

00:14:41.720 --> 00:14:45.940
And<00:14:42.080><c> as</c><00:14:42.240><c> the</c><00:14:42.480><c> result</c><00:14:42.720><c> of</c><00:14:43.059><c> his</c><00:14:43.740><c> discoveries</c><00:14:44.320><c> on</c><00:14:44.659><c> the</c><00:14:44.980><c> spot,</c>

00:14:46.279 --> 00:14:51.779
he<00:14:46.440><c> was</c><00:14:46.820><c> driven</c><00:14:47.240><c> to</c><00:14:47.679><c> regard</c><00:14:48.620><c> Acts</c><00:14:49.039><c> as</c><00:14:49.919><c> a</c><00:14:50.100><c> first</c><00:14:50.539><c> century</c><00:14:51.059><c> document,</c>

00:14:51.779 --> 00:14:57.179
absolutely<00:14:53.159><c> accurate</c><00:14:53.960><c> in</c><00:14:54.220><c> every</c><00:14:54.580><c> detail,</c><00:14:56.460><c> always</c><00:14:56.639><c> true</c><00:14:57.000><c> in</c>

00:14:57.179 --> 00:14:59.000
matters<00:14:57.539><c> of</c><00:14:57.899><c> boundaries,</c>

00:14:59.399 --> 00:15:04.600
always<00:15:00.019><c> correct</c><00:15:00.460><c> in</c><00:15:00.659><c> matters</c><00:15:01.039><c> of</c><00:15:01.340><c> names</c><00:15:01.700><c> concerning</c><00:15:02.399><c> the</c><00:15:03.220><c> rulers</c><00:15:03.580><c> of</c><00:15:03.860><c> cities</c>

00:15:04.600 --> 00:15:10.539
or<00:15:05.500><c> of</c><00:15:05.759><c> provinces</c><00:15:06.320><c> or</c><00:15:07.279><c> of</c><00:15:07.960><c> whatever</c><00:15:08.340><c> it</c><00:15:09.039><c> may</c><00:15:09.299><c> be.</c>

00:15:12.500 --> 00:15:16.639
I<00:15:13.259><c> am</c><00:15:13.460><c> going</c><00:15:13.559><c> to</c><00:15:13.759><c> quote</c><00:15:13.919><c> you</c><00:15:14.659><c> from</c><00:15:14.940><c> his,</c><00:15:15.559><c> Paul</c><00:15:15.759><c> the</c><00:15:16.039><c> Traveller.</c>

00:15:16.639 --> 00:15:21.500
I<00:15:17.600><c> may</c><00:15:18.200><c> fairly</c><00:15:18.639><c> claim</c><00:15:19.259><c> to</c><00:15:19.620><c> have</c><00:15:19.820><c> entered</c><00:15:20.080><c> on</c><00:15:20.340><c> this</c><00:15:20.580><c> investigation</c><00:15:21.019><c> without</c>

00:15:21.500 --> 00:15:22.460
any<00:15:21.940><c> prejudice</c>

00:15:22.460 --> 00:15:25.879
in<00:15:23.539><c> favour</c><00:15:23.820><c> of</c><00:15:24.019><c> the</c><00:15:24.320><c> conclusion</c><00:15:24.659><c> which</c><00:15:24.919><c> I</c><00:15:25.120><c> shall</c><00:15:25.259><c> now</c><00:15:25.559><c> attempt</c>

00:15:25.879 --> 00:15:27.840
to<00:15:26.159><c> justify</c><00:15:26.580><c> to</c><00:15:26.860><c> the</c><00:15:27.039><c> reader.</c>

00:15:28.320 --> 00:15:32.039
On<00:15:28.440><c> the</c><00:15:28.659><c> contrary,</c><00:15:29.080><c> I</c><00:15:29.159><c> began</c><00:15:29.519><c> with</c><00:15:29.799><c> a</c><00:15:29.919><c> mind</c><00:15:30.120><c> unfavourable</c><00:15:31.000><c> to</c><00:15:31.220><c> it,</c>

00:15:32.159 --> 00:15:34.879
for<00:15:32.360><c> the</c><00:15:32.679><c> ingenuity</c><00:15:33.259><c> had</c><00:15:33.600><c> at</c><00:15:33.799><c> one</c><00:15:34.019><c> time,</c>

00:15:36.360 --> 00:15:39.620
but<00:15:36.779><c> I</c><00:15:37.059><c> found</c><00:15:37.460><c> myself</c><00:15:37.960><c> often</c><00:15:38.320><c> brought</c><00:15:38.620><c> in</c><00:15:38.860><c> contact</c><00:15:39.220><c> with</c><00:15:39.460><c> the</c>

00:15:39.620 --> 00:15:40.240
book<00:15:39.779><c> of</c><00:15:39.980><c> Acts</c>

00:15:40.240 --> 00:15:43.799
as<00:15:40.940><c> an</c><00:15:41.179><c> authority</c><00:15:41.600><c> for</c><00:15:41.879><c> the</c><00:15:42.059><c> topography,</c><00:15:43.080><c> antiquities</c><00:15:43.620><c> and</c>

00:15:43.799 --> 00:15:45.320
society<00:15:44.440><c> of</c><00:15:44.720><c> Asia</c><00:15:44.960><c> Minor.</c>

00:15:45.320 --> 00:15:49.539
It<00:15:46.419><c> was</c><00:15:46.720><c> gradually</c><00:15:47.220><c> borne</c><00:15:47.519><c> in</c><00:15:47.659><c> upon</c><00:15:47.879><c> me</c><00:15:48.059><c> that</c><00:15:48.200><c> in</c><00:15:48.419><c> various</c><00:15:48.799><c> details</c>

00:15:49.539 --> 00:15:52.480
the<00:15:50.340><c> narrative</c><00:15:50.799><c> showed</c><00:15:51.159><c> marvellous</c><00:15:51.879><c> truth.</c>

00:15:52.799 --> 00:15:55.639
In<00:15:53.039><c> fact,</c><00:15:54.259><c> beginning</c><00:15:54.519><c> with</c><00:15:54.779><c> the</c><00:15:54.960><c> fixed</c><00:15:55.299><c> idea</c>

00:15:55.919 --> 00:15:59.779
that<00:15:56.120><c> the</c><00:15:56.379><c> work</c><00:15:56.539><c> was</c><00:15:56.820><c> essentially</c><00:15:57.320><c> a</c><00:15:57.600><c> second</c><00:15:57.899><c> century</c><00:15:58.399><c> composition</c>

00:16:00.039 --> 00:16:03.259
and<00:16:00.720><c> never</c><00:16:01.019><c> relying</c><00:16:01.419><c> on</c><00:16:01.659><c> its</c><00:16:01.879><c> evidence</c><00:16:02.240><c> as</c><00:16:02.539><c> trustworthy</c><00:16:02.980><c> for</c>

00:16:03.259 --> 00:16:05.200
first<00:16:03.519><c> century</c><00:16:03.940><c> conditions,</c>

00:16:05.519 --> 00:16:10.659
I<00:16:05.679><c> gradually</c><00:16:06.100><c> came</c><00:16:06.360><c> to</c><00:16:06.639><c> find</c><00:16:06.860><c> it</c><00:16:07.059><c> a</c><00:16:07.259><c> useful</c><00:16:07.679><c> ally</c><00:16:08.139><c> in</c><00:16:08.879><c> some</c><00:16:09.100><c> obscure</c><00:16:09.840><c> and</c>

00:16:10.659 --> 00:16:13.139
difficult<00:16:11.620><c> investigation.</c>

00:16:13.940 --> 00:16:17.519
And<00:16:14.740><c> Ramsey</c><00:16:15.539><c> challenged</c><00:16:16.259><c> the</c><00:16:16.500><c> critics</c>

00:16:17.639 --> 00:16:21.320
and<00:16:18.519><c> the</c><00:16:18.639><c> critics</c><00:16:19.159><c> attempted</c><00:16:19.940><c> to</c><00:16:20.259><c> meet</c><00:16:20.440><c> the</c><00:16:20.679><c> challenge</c>

00:16:21.320 --> 00:16:26.740
which<00:16:22.419><c> led</c><00:16:22.659><c> to</c><00:16:22.940><c> further</c><00:16:23.620><c> examination,</c><00:16:25.740><c> further</c><00:16:25.899><c> discussion</c>

00:16:26.740 --> 00:16:32.740
and<00:16:27.919><c> Ramsey</c><00:16:28.360><c> contributed</c><00:16:29.580><c> to</c><00:16:30.320><c> magazines</c><00:16:31.019><c> a</c><00:16:31.259><c> number</c><00:16:31.620><c> of</c><00:16:31.940><c> articles</c><00:16:32.340><c> all</c>

00:16:32.740 --> 00:16:36.039
bearing<00:16:33.019><c> upon</c><00:16:34.019><c> first</c><00:16:34.500><c> century</c><00:16:35.000><c> life,</c>

00:16:36.139 --> 00:16:38.960
many<00:16:36.419><c> of</c><00:16:36.580><c> which</c><00:16:36.720><c> have</c><00:16:36.899><c> been</c><00:16:37.139><c> issued</c><00:16:37.460><c> in</c><00:16:37.799><c> volumes</c><00:16:38.240><c> and</c><00:16:38.460><c> they</c><00:16:38.679><c> fill</c><00:16:38.799><c> a</c>

00:16:38.960 --> 00:16:40.460
shelf<00:16:39.139><c> something</c><00:16:39.519><c> like</c><00:16:39.919><c> that.</c>

00:16:40.460 --> 00:16:45.240
And<00:16:41.580><c> very</c><00:16:41.960><c> interesting</c><00:16:42.679><c> reading</c><00:16:43.200><c> they</c><00:16:44.259><c> are.</c>

00:16:47.580 --> 00:16:50.960
Ramsey<00:16:47.840><c> in</c><00:16:48.360><c> his</c><00:16:48.639><c> book</c><00:16:48.840><c> The</c><00:16:49.019><c> Burying</c><00:16:49.379><c> of</c><00:16:49.600><c> Modern</c><00:16:49.980><c> Discovery</c>

00:16:51.659 --> 00:16:59.799
tells<00:16:52.620><c> us</c><00:16:52.860><c> with</c><00:16:53.159><c> some</c><00:16:53.539><c> indignation</c><00:16:55.019><c> of</c><00:16:55.600><c> a</c><00:16:55.740><c> German</c><00:16:56.220><c> writer</c><00:16:57.080><c> whose</c><00:16:58.179><c> name</c><00:16:58.559><c> is</c><00:16:59.240><c> Wilken</c>

00:16:59.799 --> 00:17:09.859
who<00:17:01.679><c> now</c><00:17:03.179><c> declares</c><00:17:04.480><c> that</c><00:17:05.259><c> Luke's</c><00:17:05.720><c> record</c><00:17:06.000><c> of</c><00:17:06.200><c> the</c><00:17:06.359><c> birth</c><00:17:06.559><c> of</c><00:17:06.819><c> Jesus</c><00:17:07.279><c> is</c><00:17:08.460><c> a</c><00:17:08.660><c> legend.</c>

00:17:10.160 --> 00:17:13.980
And<00:17:10.920><c> the</c><00:17:11.160><c> reason</c><00:17:11.759><c> he</c><00:17:12.619><c> claims</c><00:17:13.000><c> it</c><00:17:13.200><c> is</c><00:17:13.400><c> a</c><00:17:13.519><c> legend</c>

00:17:13.980 --> 00:17:19.160
is<00:17:15.079><c> because</c><00:17:15.539><c> in</c><00:17:15.759><c> the</c><00:17:16.279><c> external</c><00:17:16.660><c> it</c><00:17:16.779><c> is</c><00:17:17.000><c> so</c><00:17:17.380><c> perfectly</c><00:17:17.799><c> accurate.</c>

00:17:21.359 --> 00:17:27.019
And<00:17:21.559><c> he</c><00:17:21.960><c> says</c><00:17:22.200><c> that</c><00:17:22.500><c> someone</c><00:17:22.900><c> who</c><00:17:23.680><c> knew</c><00:17:24.140><c> exactly</c><00:17:24.960><c> the</c><00:17:25.700><c> circumstances,</c>

00:17:27.599 --> 00:17:30.759
the<00:17:27.779><c> external</c><00:17:28.019><c> circumstances</c><00:17:28.839><c> and</c><00:17:29.279><c> the</c><00:17:29.500><c> details</c><00:17:29.779><c> of</c><00:17:29.980><c> the</c><00:17:30.140><c> history</c>

00:17:30.759 --> 00:17:35.779
took<00:17:31.480><c> them</c><00:17:31.779><c> and</c><00:17:32.119><c> pushed</c><00:17:32.380><c> into</c><00:17:32.660><c> them</c><00:17:32.900><c> this</c><00:17:33.200><c> legend</c><00:17:33.980><c> of</c><00:17:34.799><c> the</c><00:17:35.000><c> birth</c><00:17:35.160><c> of</c><00:17:35.380><c> Jesus</c>

00:17:35.779 --> 00:17:38.900
in<00:17:36.079><c> order</c><00:17:36.339><c> that</c><00:17:36.519><c> it</c><00:17:36.660><c> might</c><00:17:36.920><c> be</c><00:17:37.799><c> by</c><00:17:37.900><c> the</c><00:17:38.200><c> appearance</c><00:17:38.519><c> of</c><00:17:38.759><c> being</c>

00:17:38.900 --> 00:17:40.720
put<00:17:39.119><c> in</c><00:17:39.299><c> a</c><00:17:39.480><c> framework</c><00:17:39.799><c> of</c><00:17:40.059><c> history</c>

00:17:40.720 --> 00:17:47.000
be<00:17:41.759><c> regarded</c><00:17:42.259><c> as</c><00:17:42.579><c> being</c><00:17:43.180><c> a</c><00:17:44.759><c> statement</c><00:17:45.099><c> of</c><00:17:45.380><c> historical</c><00:17:45.920><c> fact.</c>

00:17:47.819 --> 00:17:52.539
Now<00:17:48.140><c> Ramsey</c><00:17:48.660><c> is</c><00:17:48.980><c> careful</c><00:17:49.359><c> to</c><00:17:49.700><c> say</c><00:17:50.099><c> that</c><00:17:50.779><c> the</c><00:17:50.980><c> marvels</c><00:17:51.500><c> described</c><00:17:51.859><c> in</c><00:17:52.140><c> Acts</c>

00:17:52.539 --> 00:17:55.380
do<00:17:53.099><c> not</c><00:17:53.299><c> concern</c><00:17:53.839><c> his</c><00:17:54.180><c> purpose.</c>

00:17:55.880 --> 00:17:59.160
He's<00:17:56.039><c> there</c><00:17:56.259><c> to</c><00:17:56.500><c> test</c><00:17:56.759><c> matters</c><00:17:57.319><c> which</c><00:17:58.339><c> are</c><00:17:58.640><c> testable</c>

00:17:59.160 --> 00:18:02.079
and<00:17:59.359><c> obviously</c><00:17:59.839><c> such</c><00:18:00.099><c> a</c><00:18:00.299><c> matter</c><00:18:00.660><c> as</c><00:18:01.240><c> the</c><00:18:01.400><c> birth</c><00:18:01.539><c> of</c><00:18:01.720><c> Jesus</c>

00:18:02.079 --> 00:18:06.880
cannot<00:18:02.440><c> be</c><00:18:03.740><c> testable</c><00:18:04.319><c> by</c><00:18:04.819><c> ordinary</c><00:18:05.240><c> canons</c><00:18:05.619><c> of</c><00:18:05.839><c> history.</c>

00:18:07.380 --> 00:18:11.160
But<00:18:07.519><c> he</c><00:18:07.680><c> says</c><00:18:07.980><c> that</c><00:18:08.299><c> wherever</c><00:18:08.740><c> and</c><00:18:09.319><c> whenever</c><00:18:09.980><c> anything</c><00:18:10.920><c> that</c>

00:18:11.160 --> 00:18:15.259
Luke<00:18:11.359><c> has</c><00:18:11.740><c> been</c><00:18:13.259><c> said</c><00:18:13.660><c> can</c><00:18:13.940><c> be</c><00:18:14.259><c> tested.</c>

00:18:15.740 --> 00:18:19.799
Luke<00:18:15.940><c> is</c><00:18:16.420><c> always</c><00:18:17.119><c> found</c><00:18:17.599><c> to</c><00:18:17.900><c> be</c><00:18:18.819><c> right.</c>

00:18:20.880 --> 00:18:25.079
And<00:18:21.200><c> Ramsey</c><00:18:21.680><c> in</c><00:18:22.400><c> his</c><00:18:22.759><c> enthusiasm</c><00:18:23.480><c> for</c><00:18:23.839><c> Luke's</c><00:18:25.079><c> writings</c>

00:18:25.079 --> 00:18:31.619
exhausts<00:18:26.660><c> his</c><00:18:26.880><c> vocabulary</c><00:18:27.740><c> to</c><00:18:28.900><c> extol</c><00:18:30.140><c> the</c><00:18:30.660><c> magnificence</c><00:18:31.440><c> of</c>

00:18:31.619 --> 00:18:32.740
what<00:18:31.920><c> Luke</c><00:18:32.059><c> has</c><00:18:32.380><c> written</c>

00:18:32.740 --> 00:18:38.599
in<00:18:33.839><c> the</c><00:18:34.279><c> perfection</c><00:18:34.759><c> of</c><00:18:35.099><c> its</c><00:18:35.519><c> statement,</c><00:18:37.180><c> the</c><00:18:37.400><c> precision</c><00:18:38.079><c> of</c>

00:18:38.599 --> 00:18:40.059
his<00:18:38.880><c> description</c>

00:18:40.079 --> 00:18:46.619
and<00:18:41.220><c> the</c><00:18:42.200><c> general</c><00:18:42.519><c> way</c><00:18:42.920><c> in</c><00:18:43.140><c> which</c><00:18:43.759><c> he</c><00:18:44.460><c> presents</c><00:18:45.019><c> his</c><00:18:45.519><c> case.</c>

00:18:47.059 --> 00:18:53.579
Ramsey<00:18:48.019><c> characterizes</c><00:18:49.160><c> Luke</c><00:18:49.640><c> as</c><00:18:50.640><c> a</c><00:18:50.920><c> first</c><00:18:51.400><c> rate</c><00:18:52.279><c> historian.</c>

00:18:54.279 --> 00:19:01.160
And<00:18:55.039><c> so</c><00:18:55.799><c> thus</c><00:18:56.460><c> assured</c><00:18:56.900><c> of</c><00:18:57.220><c> the</c><00:18:57.880><c> accuracy</c><00:18:58.599><c> of</c><00:18:59.839><c> what</c><00:19:00.400><c> Luke</c><00:19:00.640><c> has</c><00:19:00.779><c> written</c>

00:19:01.160 --> 00:19:05.019
we<00:19:02.180><c> can</c><00:19:02.400><c> come</c><00:19:02.599><c> to</c><00:19:02.740><c> it</c><00:19:02.900><c> with</c><00:19:03.180><c> renewed</c><00:19:03.500><c> confidence.</c>

00:19:05.400 --> 00:19:08.599
Here<00:19:05.619><c> is</c><00:19:05.839><c> the</c><00:19:06.059><c> work</c><00:19:06.539><c> of</c><00:19:07.220><c> a</c><00:19:07.420><c> master</c><00:19:07.720><c> mind</c>

00:19:09.200 --> 00:19:12.960
quite<00:19:09.960><c> apart</c><00:19:10.359><c> from</c><00:19:10.599><c> the</c><00:19:10.759><c> fact</c><00:19:11.160><c> that</c><00:19:12.000><c> there</c><00:19:12.200><c> was</c><00:19:12.339><c> the</c><00:19:12.579><c> guidance</c>

00:19:12.960 --> 00:19:16.579
of<00:19:13.200><c> the</c><00:19:13.400><c> Spirit</c><00:19:13.680><c> of</c><00:19:13.940><c> God</c><00:19:14.380><c> behind</c><00:19:15.480><c> it.</c>

00:19:17.839 --> 00:19:22.859
Now<00:19:18.519><c> there</c><00:19:19.200><c> is</c><00:19:19.559><c> a</c><00:19:19.720><c> way</c><00:19:20.140><c> which</c><00:19:21.339><c> we're</c><00:19:21.619><c> going</c><00:19:21.640><c> to</c><00:19:21.900><c> try</c><00:19:22.180><c> and</c><00:19:22.319><c> illustrate</c>

00:19:22.859 --> 00:19:26.160
in<00:19:23.759><c> the</c><00:19:23.880><c> hope</c><00:19:23.980><c> that</c><00:19:24.200><c> if</c><00:19:24.519><c> it</c><00:19:24.700><c> is</c><00:19:24.900><c> necessary</c><00:19:25.279><c> this</c><00:19:25.640><c> bit</c><00:19:25.779><c> can</c><00:19:25.980><c> be</c>

00:19:26.160 --> 00:19:27.799
cut<00:19:26.339><c> out</c><00:19:26.519><c> of</c><00:19:26.680><c> the</c><00:19:26.839><c> record</c>

00:19:29.000 --> 00:19:34.779
where<00:19:29.680><c> Ramsey</c><00:19:30.359><c> came</c><00:19:31.380><c> to</c><00:19:31.720><c> see</c><00:19:32.339><c> that</c><00:19:33.339><c> what</c><00:19:33.859><c> Luke</c><00:19:34.079><c> has</c><00:19:34.400><c> written</c>

00:19:34.779 --> 00:19:37.859
is<00:19:36.559><c> perfectly</c><00:19:37.019><c> accurate.</c>

00:19:37.859 --> 00:19:44.279
He<00:19:38.980><c> tells</c><00:19:39.299><c> us</c><00:19:39.579><c> of</c><00:19:39.839><c> Paul's</c><00:19:40.660><c> visit</c><00:19:41.380><c> to</c><00:19:42.660><c> the</c><00:19:42.839><c> churches</c><00:19:43.319><c> of</c>

00:19:44.279 --> 00:19:49.359
Pisidian<00:19:44.740><c> Antioch,</c><00:19:45.839><c> Lystra,</c><00:19:47.460><c> Iconium</c><00:19:48.059><c> and</c><00:19:48.299><c> Derbe.</c>

00:19:50.960 --> 00:19:57.519
Now<00:19:51.299><c> we</c><00:19:51.640><c> have</c><00:19:51.900><c> no</c><00:19:52.200><c> record</c><00:19:52.799><c> in</c><00:19:54.119><c> Acts</c><00:19:54.400><c> of</c><00:19:54.660><c> a</c><00:19:54.859><c> visit</c><00:19:55.400><c> to</c><00:19:56.759><c> a</c><00:19:57.019><c> Galatia</c>

00:19:57.519 --> 00:20:00.180
which<00:19:57.759><c> was</c><00:19:58.000><c> known</c><00:19:58.319><c> to</c><00:19:58.680><c> earlier</c><00:19:59.099><c> scholars.</c>

00:20:01.319 --> 00:20:05.119
The<00:20:01.559><c> first</c><00:20:01.819><c> century</c><00:20:02.359><c> was</c><00:20:02.640><c> a</c><00:20:02.900><c> time</c><00:20:03.220><c> of</c><00:20:03.960><c> frequent</c><00:20:04.400><c> changes</c>

00:20:05.119 --> 00:20:10.220
of<00:20:06.059><c> geographical</c><00:20:06.799><c> boundaries</c><00:20:07.519><c> and</c><00:20:07.799><c> of</c><00:20:08.079><c> administrative</c><00:20:08.839><c> systems.</c>

00:20:11.240 --> 00:20:20.519
In<00:20:11.400><c> the</c><00:20:11.660><c> first</c><00:20:11.920><c> century</c><00:20:12.779><c> the</c><00:20:13.660><c> Romans</c><00:20:14.180><c> had</c><00:20:14.579><c> established</c><00:20:15.900><c> a</c><00:20:16.900><c> Roman</c><00:20:18.319><c> state</c><00:20:19.019><c> of</c><00:20:20.039><c> Galatia,</c>

00:20:20.920 --> 00:20:23.680
a<00:20:21.000><c> Roman</c><00:20:21.299><c> province</c><00:20:22.019><c> of</c><00:20:22.460><c> Galatia.</c>

00:20:23.819 --> 00:20:27.299
Now<00:20:24.160><c> I'm</c><00:20:24.640><c> going</c><00:20:24.740><c> to</c><00:20:24.940><c> just</c><00:20:25.259><c> turn</c><00:20:25.440><c> to</c><00:20:25.640><c> the</c><00:20:25.799><c> map</c><00:20:26.160><c> to</c><00:20:26.779><c> illustrate</c>

00:20:27.299 --> 00:20:28.660
this<00:20:27.619><c> for</c><00:20:27.859><c> you.</c>

00:20:28.680 --> 00:20:33.460
Here<00:20:29.019><c> is</c><00:20:30.059><c> Palestine</c><00:20:30.740><c> and</c><00:20:31.420><c> Paul</c><00:20:31.660><c> travelled</c><00:20:32.039><c> up</c><00:20:32.519><c> past</c><00:20:32.819><c> Darsus.</c>

00:20:33.460 --> 00:20:36.779
Paul<00:20:34.079><c> went</c><00:20:34.319><c> across</c><00:20:34.640><c> to</c><00:20:34.900><c> Cyprus</c><00:20:35.359><c> and</c><00:20:35.740><c> then</c><00:20:35.920><c> across</c><00:20:36.240><c> there,</c>

00:20:37.079 --> 00:20:40.839
then<00:20:37.220><c> up</c><00:20:37.339><c> into</c><00:20:37.539><c> the</c><00:20:37.759><c> highlands</c><00:20:38.180><c> and</c><00:20:38.420><c> there</c><00:20:39.200><c> are</c><00:20:39.920><c> the</c><00:20:40.420><c> cities</c>

00:20:40.839 --> 00:20:43.519
of<00:20:41.619><c> that</c><00:20:41.880><c> southern</c><00:20:42.140><c> portion</c><00:20:42.599><c> of</c><00:20:42.900><c> Galatia.</c>

00:20:43.759 --> 00:20:45.299
Here<00:20:44.000><c> they</c><00:20:44.240><c> are.</c>

00:20:46.140 --> 00:20:48.960
He<00:20:46.319><c> then</c><00:20:46.559><c> returned</c><00:20:47.339><c> to</c><00:20:47.759><c> Palestine.</c>

00:20:49.240 --> 00:20:54.740
The<00:20:49.519><c> second</c><00:20:49.779><c> journey</c><00:20:50.400><c> was</c><00:20:51.240><c> overland,</c><00:20:53.019><c> past</c><00:20:53.940><c> the</c><00:20:54.319><c> Syrian</c>

00:20:54.740 --> 00:20:55.960
Antioch<00:20:55.319><c> there</c>

00:20:55.960 --> 00:21:00.920
and<00:20:56.819><c> then</c><00:20:57.180><c> through</c><00:20:57.539><c> the</c><00:20:58.319><c> Sicilian</c><00:20:58.779><c> gates</c><00:20:59.440><c> and</c><00:21:00.299><c> up</c><00:21:00.420><c> to</c><00:21:00.660><c> the</c>

00:21:00.920 --> 00:21:02.720
uplands<00:21:01.480><c> here.</c>

00:21:02.960 --> 00:21:06.980
And<00:21:03.640><c> then</c><00:21:04.220><c> he</c><00:21:04.900><c> hurried</c><00:21:05.180><c> on</c><00:21:05.539><c> to</c><00:21:05.880><c> Troas.</c>

00:21:08.079 --> 00:21:12.440
Now<00:21:08.319><c> if</c><00:21:08.460><c> you</c><00:21:08.660><c> can</c><00:21:08.920><c> see</c><00:21:09.099><c> this</c><00:21:09.420><c> brown</c><00:21:09.779><c> patch,</c><00:21:10.180><c> I'll</c><00:21:10.400><c> run</c><00:21:10.400><c> my</c><00:21:10.599><c> pencil</c><00:21:11.019><c> round</c><00:21:11.440><c> it.</c>

00:21:12.859 --> 00:21:17.640
There,<00:21:14.279><c> those</c><00:21:14.519><c> are</c><00:21:14.740><c> the</c><00:21:14.960><c> boundaries</c><00:21:15.559><c> of</c><00:21:16.460><c> the</c><00:21:16.680><c> Roman</c><00:21:17.099><c> province</c>

00:21:17.640 --> 00:21:19.259
of<00:21:17.940><c> Galatia.</c>

00:21:20.079 --> 00:21:25.420
But<00:21:20.299><c> that</c><00:21:20.599><c> Roman</c><00:21:20.940><c> province</c><00:21:21.380><c> didn't</c><00:21:21.720><c> exist</c><00:21:22.359><c> in</c><00:21:23.200><c> the</c><00:21:23.420><c> first</c><00:21:23.619><c> century</c><00:21:24.140><c> B</c><00:21:24.519><c>.C.</c>

00:21:26.019 --> 00:21:29.160
It<00:21:26.420><c> didn't</c><00:21:26.759><c> exist</c><00:21:27.140><c> in</c><00:21:27.319><c> the</c><00:21:27.559><c> second</c><00:21:27.779><c> century</c><00:21:28.339><c> B</c><00:21:28.680><c>.C.</c><00:21:28.880><c> because</c>

00:21:29.160 --> 00:21:30.220
there<00:21:29.400><c> had</c><00:21:29.400><c> been</c><00:21:29.660><c> changes.</c>

00:21:30.220 --> 00:21:35.960
Now<00:21:31.380><c> the</c><00:21:31.680><c> ethnic</c><00:21:32.279><c> territory,</c><00:21:33.259><c> the</c><00:21:33.460><c> territory</c><00:21:33.940><c> of</c><00:21:34.240><c> the</c><00:21:34.480><c> old</c><00:21:34.779><c> Galatians,</c>

00:21:36.019 --> 00:21:39.359
was<00:21:36.220><c> in</c><00:21:36.660><c> this</c><00:21:36.880><c> northern</c><00:21:37.359><c> portion</c><00:21:37.940><c> here.</c>

00:21:40.519 --> 00:21:44.279
And<00:21:40.700><c> because</c><00:21:41.400><c> Paul</c><00:21:41.720><c> wrote</c><00:21:42.039><c> a</c><00:21:42.200><c> letter</c><00:21:42.359><c> to</c><00:21:42.599><c> the</c><00:21:42.839><c> Galatians,</c>

00:21:45.359 --> 00:21:50.339
it<00:21:45.519><c> was</c><00:21:45.740><c> necessary</c><00:21:46.319><c> to</c><00:21:46.779><c> insert</c><00:21:47.319><c> into</c><00:21:47.839><c> the</c><00:21:48.200><c> history</c><00:21:48.819><c> in</c><00:21:49.140><c> Acts</c><00:21:49.740><c> a</c>

00:21:50.339 --> 00:21:52.220
visit<00:21:50.799><c> to</c><00:21:51.299><c> the</c><00:21:51.519><c> Galatians.</c>

00:21:52.220 --> 00:21:57.880
And<00:21:53.380><c> if</c><00:21:53.660><c> the</c><00:21:53.920><c> only</c><00:21:54.240><c> Galatia</c><00:21:54.880><c> known</c><00:21:55.460><c> was</c><00:21:56.299><c> the</c><00:21:56.720><c> old</c><00:21:57.279><c> territory</c>

00:21:57.880 --> 00:22:00.539
where<00:21:58.200><c> the</c><00:21:58.480><c> Galatians</c><00:21:59.039><c> proper</c><00:21:59.519><c> lived,</c>

00:22:00.960 --> 00:22:04.440
then<00:22:01.180><c> obviously</c><00:22:01.940><c> we</c><00:22:02.160><c> have</c><00:22:02.359><c> a</c><00:22:02.480><c> serious</c><00:22:02.920><c> gap</c><00:22:03.299><c> in</c><00:22:03.680><c> Acts.</c>

00:22:05.099 --> 00:22:10.099
And<00:22:05.440><c> even</c><00:22:06.339><c> scholars</c><00:22:06.799><c> of</c><00:22:07.039><c> the</c><00:22:07.259><c> traditional</c><00:22:07.759><c> line,</c><00:22:09.339><c> like</c><00:22:09.700><c> Lightwood,</c>

00:22:10.160 --> 00:22:14.640
who<00:22:10.319><c> was</c><00:22:10.599><c> a</c><00:22:10.720><c> magnificent</c><00:22:11.420><c> scholar</c><00:22:12.000><c> in</c><00:22:12.799><c> the</c><00:22:12.920><c> field</c><00:22:13.140><c> of</c><00:22:13.380><c> Acts</c><00:22:13.559><c> and</c><00:22:13.759><c> the</c><00:22:13.940><c> epistles</c><00:22:14.279><c> of</c>

00:22:14.640 --> 00:22:16.460
Paul<00:22:14.920><c> in</c><00:22:15.140><c> the</c><00:22:15.240><c> last</c><00:22:15.799><c> century,</c>

00:22:16.460 --> 00:22:20.099
had<00:22:17.619><c> to</c><00:22:17.859><c> admit</c><00:22:18.279><c> that</c><00:22:18.480><c> from</c><00:22:18.700><c> his</c><00:22:19.039><c> point</c><00:22:19.380><c> of</c><00:22:19.619><c> view</c><00:22:19.759><c> there</c><00:22:19.880><c> were</c>

00:22:20.099 --> 00:22:26.180
some<00:22:20.579><c> strange</c><00:22:21.079><c> and</c><00:22:21.400><c> inexplicable</c><00:22:22.460><c> gaps</c><00:22:22.980><c> in</c><00:22:23.920><c> the</c><00:22:24.119><c> writings</c><00:22:24.720><c> in</c><00:22:25.380><c> Acts.</c>

00:22:26.400 --> 00:22:30.019
But<00:22:26.700><c> immediately</c><00:22:27.160><c> it</c><00:22:27.380><c> was</c><00:22:27.640><c> seen</c><00:22:27.980><c> that</c><00:22:28.299><c> Luke</c><00:22:28.579><c> is</c><00:22:28.900><c> speaking</c><00:22:29.420><c> and</c>

00:22:30.019 --> 00:22:31.619
Paul<00:22:30.380><c> is</c><00:22:30.700><c> thinking.</c>

00:22:32.380 --> 00:22:36.960
When<00:22:32.720><c> using</c><00:22:33.119><c> the</c><00:22:33.400><c> word</c><00:22:33.579><c> Galatia</c><00:22:34.279><c> of</c><00:22:35.299><c> the</c><00:22:35.519><c> provincial</c><00:22:35.980><c> Galatia,</c><00:22:36.839><c> the</c>

00:22:36.960 --> 00:22:38.339
Roman<00:22:37.279><c> provincial</c><00:22:37.700><c> Galatia,</c>

00:22:38.579 --> 00:22:41.140
then<00:22:38.740><c> it</c><00:22:38.920><c> is</c><00:22:39.140><c> seen</c><00:22:39.319><c> that</c><00:22:39.579><c> those</c><00:22:39.799><c> cities</c><00:22:40.160><c> that</c><00:22:40.440><c> Paul</c><00:22:40.720><c> visited</c>

00:22:41.140 --> 00:22:43.240
on<00:22:41.400><c> the</c><00:22:41.579><c> first</c><00:22:41.799><c> journey,</c>

00:22:44.140 --> 00:22:47.200
Antioch<00:22:44.680><c> in</c><00:22:44.779><c> Presidio,</c><00:22:45.319><c> Lystra,</c><00:22:45.700><c> Iconium</c><00:22:46.119><c> and</c><00:22:46.319><c> Derby,</c><00:22:47.000><c> that</c>

00:22:47.200 --> 00:22:49.539
they<00:22:47.500><c> are</c><00:22:47.859><c> the</c><00:22:48.079><c> Galatian</c><00:22:48.480><c> cities.</c>

00:22:49.700 --> 00:22:52.579
Now<00:22:50.019><c> this</c><00:22:50.440><c> map,</c><00:22:50.700><c> as</c><00:22:50.880><c> you</c><00:22:51.000><c> see,</c><00:22:51.180><c> is</c><00:22:51.319><c> a</c><00:22:51.440><c> new</c><00:22:51.619><c> map.</c>

00:22:53.099 --> 00:22:54.859
And<00:22:53.200><c> I'm</c><00:22:53.380><c> going</c><00:22:53.440><c> to</c><00:22:53.619><c> point</c><00:22:53.799><c> out</c><00:22:54.019><c> that</c><00:22:54.200><c> although</c><00:22:54.380><c> it's</c><00:22:54.579><c> a</c><00:22:54.700><c> new</c>

00:22:54.859 --> 00:22:56.940
map,<00:22:55.160><c> it</c><00:22:55.319><c> perpetuates</c><00:22:55.920><c> an</c><00:22:56.200><c> error.</c>

00:22:57.339 --> 00:23:00.920
For<00:22:57.500><c> there</c><00:22:57.799><c> is</c><00:22:58.079><c> a</c><00:22:58.240><c> dotted</c><00:22:58.559><c> travel</c><00:22:59.039><c> line</c><00:22:59.380><c> that</c><00:22:59.660><c> takes</c><00:22:59.980><c> us</c><00:23:00.440><c> right</c>

00:23:00.920 --> 00:23:04.960
up<00:23:01.200><c> there</c><00:23:02.000><c> to</c><00:23:03.220><c> Pernicious</c><00:23:03.720><c> and</c><00:23:04.039><c> to</c><00:23:04.319><c> Ancyra.</c>

00:23:05.000 --> 00:23:08.920
Ancyra<00:23:05.539><c> is</c><00:23:05.680><c> the</c><00:23:05.819><c> capital</c><00:23:06.140><c> of</c><00:23:06.339><c> modern</c><00:23:06.900><c> Turkey,</c><00:23:08.240><c> and</c><00:23:08.500><c> then</c><00:23:08.740><c> back</c>

00:23:08.920 --> 00:23:09.599
down<00:23:09.200><c> here.</c>

00:23:09.599 --> 00:23:12.880
But<00:23:10.160><c> there's</c><00:23:10.440><c> nothing</c><00:23:10.720><c> in</c><00:23:11.019><c> Acts</c><00:23:11.180><c> to</c><00:23:11.480><c> correspond</c><00:23:12.119><c> to</c><00:23:12.339><c> that</c>

00:23:12.880 --> 00:23:14.740
journey<00:23:13.599><c> there.</c>

00:23:14.880 --> 00:23:16.299
Nothing<00:23:15.119><c> at</c><00:23:15.440><c> all.</c>

00:23:16.700 --> 00:23:19.519
But<00:23:16.880><c> it</c><00:23:17.059><c> isn't</c><00:23:17.259><c> in</c><00:23:17.460><c> Acts</c><00:23:17.619><c> because</c><00:23:17.920><c> it</c><00:23:18.119><c> didn't</c><00:23:18.380><c> occur.</c>

00:23:19.900 --> 00:23:23.380
And<00:23:20.099><c> it</c><00:23:20.259><c> has</c><00:23:20.440><c> been</c><00:23:20.799><c> postulated</c><00:23:21.519><c> because</c><00:23:22.039><c> of</c><00:23:22.299><c> the</c><00:23:22.839><c> hypothesis</c>

00:23:23.380 --> 00:23:26.380
that<00:23:23.720><c> Galatia</c><00:23:24.599><c> refers</c><00:23:25.059><c> to</c><00:23:25.259><c> the</c><00:23:25.599><c> ethnic</c><00:23:25.880><c> Galatia</c>

00:23:26.380 --> 00:23:29.559
and<00:23:26.480><c> not</c><00:23:26.660><c> the</c><00:23:26.759><c> political</c><00:23:27.279><c> Galatia</c><00:23:27.940><c> of</c><00:23:28.279><c> the</c><00:23:28.420><c> first</c><00:23:28.640><c> century.</c>

00:23:29.779 --> 00:23:33.359
But<00:23:29.980><c> take</c><00:23:30.259><c> Luke</c><00:23:30.539><c> as</c><00:23:30.759><c> recording</c><00:23:31.299><c> the</c><00:23:31.900><c> facts</c><00:23:32.119><c> of</c><00:23:32.359><c> the</c><00:23:32.579><c> time</c><00:23:32.960><c> and</c>

00:23:33.359 --> 00:23:36.640
all<00:23:33.599><c> his</c><00:23:33.880><c> references</c><00:23:34.299><c> are</c><00:23:34.799><c> true</c><00:23:35.220><c> concerning</c><00:23:35.880><c> boundaries</c><00:23:36.380><c> and</c>

00:23:36.640 --> 00:23:37.099
so<00:23:36.859><c> on.</c>

00:23:37.099 --> 00:23:42.000
Then<00:23:37.759><c> we</c><00:23:38.279><c> see</c><00:23:38.500><c> that</c><00:23:38.900><c> what</c><00:23:39.160><c> he</c><00:23:39.440><c> said</c><00:23:39.579><c> was</c><00:23:39.839><c> perfectly</c><00:23:40.339><c> true</c><00:23:40.700><c> and</c><00:23:41.059><c> accurate.</c>

00:23:42.700 --> 00:23:48.460
And<00:23:43.000><c> we've</c><00:23:43.880><c> no</c><00:23:44.059><c> need</c><00:23:44.259><c> to</c><00:23:44.759><c> think</c><00:23:44.980><c> of</c><00:23:45.319><c> gaps</c><00:23:45.839><c> and</c><00:23:46.640><c> to</c><00:23:46.859><c> say</c><00:23:47.000><c> that</c><00:23:47.279><c> his</c><00:23:47.500><c> history</c><00:23:47.960><c> is</c>

00:23:48.460 --> 00:23:49.819
a<00:23:48.619><c> hotspot.</c>

00:23:49.859 --> 00:23:53.779
In<00:23:50.119><c> fact,</c><00:23:50.319><c> it's</c><00:23:50.640><c> a</c><00:23:50.759><c> marvellously</c><00:23:51.420><c> systematic</c><00:23:52.480><c> unfolding.</c>

00:23:54.339 --> 00:24:01.019
And<00:23:54.559><c> so</c><00:23:54.819><c> you</c><00:23:55.059><c> see</c><00:23:55.240><c> in</c><00:23:55.460><c> that</c><00:23:56.240><c> way</c><00:23:56.980><c> how</c><00:23:58.339><c> discovery</c><00:23:59.000><c> has</c><00:24:00.160><c> not</c><00:24:00.640><c> only</c>

00:24:01.019 --> 00:24:03.319
illustrated<00:24:01.700><c> the</c><00:24:01.960><c> meaning</c><00:24:02.279><c> of</c><00:24:03.059><c> Luke,</c>

00:24:03.319 --> 00:24:08.359
but<00:24:04.039><c> has</c><00:24:04.299><c> also</c><00:24:04.700><c> established</c><00:24:05.480><c> the</c><00:24:05.920><c> perfect</c><00:24:06.400><c> accuracy</c><00:24:07.279><c> of</c><00:24:08.019><c> what</c>

00:24:08.359 --> 00:24:09.660
he<00:24:08.519><c> has</c><00:24:08.779><c> written.</c>

00:24:11.779 --> 00:24:15.299
Now,<00:24:12.619><c> I</c><00:24:12.759><c> just</c><00:24:13.000><c> want</c><00:24:13.140><c> to</c><00:24:13.259><c> give</c><00:24:13.359><c> one</c><00:24:13.539><c> more</c><00:24:13.819><c> illustration</c><00:24:14.500><c> on</c>

00:24:15.299 --> 00:24:16.619
this<00:24:15.579><c> head.</c>

00:24:17.700 --> 00:24:23.619
I<00:24:18.380><c> have</c><00:24:18.640><c> here</c><00:24:19.819><c> Rackham's</c><00:24:21.400><c> Acts</c><00:24:21.900><c> of</c><00:24:22.359><c> the</c><00:24:22.420><c> New</c><00:24:22.619><c> Testament.</c>

00:24:24.319 --> 00:24:29.720
Now,<00:24:25.759><c> this</c><00:24:26.359><c> is</c><00:24:26.599><c> perhaps</c><00:24:27.019><c> the</c><00:24:27.299><c> best</c><00:24:27.920><c> commentary</c><00:24:28.519><c> on</c><00:24:29.400><c> the</c><00:24:29.559><c> Acts</c>

00:24:29.720 --> 00:24:30.859
of<00:24:29.900><c> the</c><00:24:30.059><c> Apostles.</c>

00:24:30.859 --> 00:24:34.380
But<00:24:31.680><c> you</c><00:24:31.759><c> won't</c><00:24:31.980><c> find</c><00:24:32.200><c> much</c><00:24:32.420><c> of</c><00:24:32.579><c> what</c><00:24:32.660><c> I</c><00:24:32.839><c> shall</c><00:24:32.940><c> say</c><00:24:33.119><c> to</c><00:24:33.299><c> you</c><00:24:33.440><c> later</c><00:24:33.880><c> in</c>

00:24:34.380 --> 00:24:35.380
these<00:24:34.579><c> addresses</c><00:24:34.940><c> in</c><00:24:35.259><c> here.</c>

00:24:35.420 --> 00:24:38.759
But<00:24:35.599><c> still,</c><00:24:36.579><c> I've</c><00:24:36.779><c> brought</c><00:24:36.900><c> it</c><00:24:37.059><c> with</c><00:24:37.220><c> me</c><00:24:37.359><c> for</c><00:24:37.579><c> this</c><00:24:37.819><c> reason.</c>

00:24:39.000 --> 00:24:43.000
I<00:24:39.059><c> thought</c><00:24:39.200><c> if</c><00:24:39.339><c> there</c><00:24:39.519><c> were</c><00:24:39.599><c> some</c><00:24:39.900><c> questions</c><00:24:40.440><c> on</c><00:24:41.400><c> external</c><00:24:41.920><c> matters,</c>

00:24:44.680 --> 00:24:48.519
well,<00:24:45.119><c> I</c><00:24:45.319><c> could</c><00:24:45.500><c> fall</c><00:24:45.700><c> back</c><00:24:45.880><c> on</c><00:24:46.099><c> him</c><00:24:46.259><c> instead</c><00:24:46.519><c> of</c><00:24:46.640><c> falling</c><00:24:46.859><c> back</c><00:24:47.160><c> upon</c><00:24:47.400><c> my</c><00:24:47.599><c> memory.</c>

00:24:48.700 --> 00:24:50.019
He'd<00:24:48.960><c> be</c><00:24:49.059><c> there</c><00:24:49.259><c> as</c><00:24:49.500><c> a</c><00:24:49.640><c> standby.</c>

00:24:50.160 --> 00:24:54.339
But<00:24:50.299><c> I</c><00:24:50.420><c> want</c><00:24:50.579><c> to</c><00:24:50.799><c> quote</c><00:24:50.920><c> you</c><00:24:51.740><c> just</c><00:24:52.140><c> a</c><00:24:52.460><c> few</c><00:24:52.579><c> sentences</c><00:24:53.119><c> from</c><00:24:53.420><c> him.</c>

00:24:54.700 --> 00:24:58.740
We<00:24:55.299><c> shall</c><00:24:55.480><c> be</c><00:24:55.740><c> abundantly</c><00:24:56.160><c> satisfied,</c><00:24:56.779><c> he</c><00:24:56.980><c> says</c><00:24:57.079><c> in</c><00:24:57.259><c> his</c><00:24:57.640><c> introduction,</c>

00:24:58.859 --> 00:25:02.480
as<00:24:59.019><c> to</c><00:24:59.220><c> Luke's</c><00:24:59.700><c> historical</c><00:25:00.039><c> accuracy</c><00:25:00.740><c> if</c><00:25:01.359><c> we</c><00:25:01.599><c> reflect</c><00:25:01.900><c> on</c><00:25:02.119><c> the</c>

00:25:02.480 --> 00:25:05.220
extraordinary<00:25:03.180><c> test</c><00:25:03.619><c> to</c><00:25:03.819><c> which</c><00:25:03.980><c> it</c><00:25:04.140><c> was</c><00:25:04.380><c> put,</c>

00:25:05.339 --> 00:25:08.059
that<00:25:05.539><c> is</c><00:25:05.720><c> the</c><00:25:05.819><c> variety</c><00:25:06.299><c> of</c><00:25:06.559><c> scene</c><00:25:06.700><c> and</c><00:25:07.039><c> circumstance</c><00:25:07.519><c> with</c><00:25:07.799><c> which</c><00:25:07.920><c> he</c>

00:25:08.059 --> 00:25:09.400
had<00:25:08.259><c> to</c><00:25:08.500><c> deal.</c>

00:25:09.559 --> 00:25:12.880
The<00:25:09.839><c> ground</c><00:25:10.180><c> covered</c><00:25:10.500><c> reached</c><00:25:10.759><c> from</c><00:25:11.000><c> Jerusalem</c><00:25:11.500><c> to</c><00:25:11.759><c> Rome,</c><00:25:12.319><c> taking</c><00:25:12.539><c> in</c>

00:25:12.880 --> 00:25:15.380
Syria,<00:25:13.299><c> Asia</c><00:25:13.579><c> Minor,</c><00:25:14.000><c> Greece</c><00:25:14.240><c> and</c><00:25:14.420><c> Italy.</c>

00:25:15.480 --> 00:25:17.880
In<00:25:15.759><c> that</c><00:25:16.000><c> field</c><00:25:16.339><c> were</c><00:25:16.559><c> comprised</c><00:25:17.000><c> all</c><00:25:17.339><c> manner</c><00:25:17.559><c> of</c>

00:25:17.880 --> 00:25:20.819
populations,<00:25:18.779><c> civilizations,</c><00:25:19.839><c> administrations.</c>

00:25:20.819 --> 00:25:24.259
Jewish<00:25:21.559><c> and</c><00:25:21.819><c> Oriental</c><00:25:22.319><c> life,</c><00:25:22.880><c> Western</c><00:25:23.039><c> civilization,</c><00:25:24.160><c> great</c>

00:25:24.259 --> 00:25:26.440
capitals<00:25:24.700><c> like</c><00:25:24.980><c> Antioch</c><00:25:25.480><c> and</c><00:25:25.619><c> Ephesus,</c>

00:25:26.559 --> 00:25:29.180
Roman<00:25:26.900><c> colonies,</c><00:25:27.799><c> independent</c><00:25:28.019><c> towns,</c><00:25:28.660><c> Greek</c><00:25:28.799><c> cities,</c>

00:25:29.339 --> 00:25:31.240
barbarian<00:25:29.819><c> country</c><00:25:30.220><c> districts.</c>

00:25:31.480 --> 00:25:35.119
The<00:25:31.599><c> history</c><00:25:31.940><c> covers</c><00:25:32.220><c> a</c><00:25:32.440><c> period</c><00:25:32.619><c> of</c><00:25:32.839><c> 30</c><00:25:33.099><c> years</c><00:25:33.480><c> which</c><00:25:33.740><c> witnessed</c><00:25:34.599><c> in</c><00:25:34.819><c> many</c>

00:25:35.119 --> 00:25:37.359
parts<00:25:35.440><c> great</c><00:25:35.759><c> political</c><00:25:36.299><c> changes.</c>

00:25:37.700 --> 00:25:40.660
Provinces<00:25:38.099><c> like</c><00:25:38.440><c> Cyprus</c><00:25:38.859><c> and</c><00:25:39.140><c> Achaea</c><00:25:39.539><c> were</c><00:25:39.759><c> being</c><00:25:40.039><c> exchanged</c>

00:25:40.660 --> 00:25:42.720
between<00:25:41.000><c> the</c><00:25:41.279><c> Emperor</c><00:25:41.500><c> and</c><00:25:41.720><c> the</c><00:25:41.920><c> Senate.</c>

00:25:42.839 --> 00:25:46.460
Parts<00:25:43.240><c> of</c><00:25:43.319><c> Asia</c><00:25:43.539><c> Minor,</c><00:25:44.019><c> for</c><00:25:44.019><c> example,</c><00:25:44.599><c> Pisidia</c><00:25:44.940><c> and</c><00:25:45.160><c> Lycaeonia,</c><00:25:45.759><c> were</c><00:25:45.880><c> undergoing</c><00:25:46.299><c> a</c>

00:25:46.460 --> 00:25:48.720
process<00:25:46.819><c> of</c><00:25:47.059><c> annexation</c><00:25:47.660><c> and</c><00:25:47.900><c> Latinization.</c>

00:25:48.720 --> 00:25:53.480
Judea<00:25:49.819><c> itself</c><00:25:50.259><c> was</c><00:25:50.460><c> now</c><00:25:50.740><c> a</c><00:25:50.759><c> Roman</c><00:25:51.119><c> province</c><00:25:51.559><c> under</c><00:25:51.839><c> a</c><00:25:52.000><c> procurator,</c><00:25:53.000><c> now</c><00:25:53.259><c> an</c>

00:25:53.480 --> 00:25:56.839
independent<00:25:53.920><c> state</c><00:25:54.380><c> under</c><00:25:54.920><c> her</c><00:25:55.240><c> Herodian</c><00:25:55.740><c> king.</c>

00:25:56.940 --> 00:25:59.539
Yet<00:25:57.039><c> in</c><00:25:57.259><c> all</c><00:25:57.460><c> this</c><00:25:57.700><c> intricacy</c><00:25:58.160><c> of</c><00:25:58.319><c> political</c><00:25:58.799><c> arrangement,</c>

00:26:00.000 --> 00:26:02.420
Luke<00:26:00.059><c> is</c><00:26:00.319><c> never</c><00:26:00.680><c> found</c><00:26:01.140><c> tripping.</c>

00:26:02.940 --> 00:26:06.859
Instances<00:26:03.500><c> of</c><00:26:03.819><c> supposed</c><00:26:04.180><c> mistake</c><00:26:04.619><c> or</c><00:26:04.839><c> anachronism</c><00:26:05.559><c> have</c><00:26:05.779><c> indeed</c><00:26:06.039><c> been</c><00:26:06.299><c> alleged</c><00:26:06.599><c> and</c>

00:26:06.859 --> 00:26:07.859
laid<00:26:06.980><c> to</c><00:26:07.160><c> its</c><00:26:07.420><c> charge.</c>

00:26:08.319 --> 00:26:11.880
But<00:26:08.480><c> after</c><00:26:08.940><c> examination,</c><00:26:09.660><c> as</c><00:26:09.880><c> will</c><00:26:10.039><c> be</c><00:26:10.200><c> pointed</c><00:26:10.440><c> out</c><00:26:10.660><c> in</c><00:26:10.799><c> the</c><00:26:11.039><c> commentary,</c>

00:26:12.000 --> 00:26:14.579
we<00:26:12.180><c> are</c><00:26:12.279><c> fairly</c><00:26:12.680><c> entitled</c><00:26:13.259><c> at</c><00:26:13.440><c> least</c><00:26:13.640><c> to</c><00:26:13.900><c> answer</c><00:26:14.220><c> that</c><00:26:14.380><c> they</c>

00:26:14.579 --> 00:26:15.920
have<00:26:14.819><c> not</c><00:26:15.039><c> yet</c><00:26:15.180><c> been</c><00:26:15.539><c> proved.</c>

00:26:15.920 --> 00:26:18.960
On<00:26:16.680><c> the</c><00:26:16.819><c> other</c><00:26:17.000><c> hand,</c><00:26:17.420><c> Luke</c><00:26:17.460><c> is</c><00:26:17.700><c> equally</c><00:26:18.180><c> at</c><00:26:18.400><c> home</c><00:26:18.539><c> with</c><00:26:18.720><c> the</c>

00:26:18.960 --> 00:26:20.240
Sanhedrin<00:26:19.460><c> and</c><00:26:19.640><c> its</c><00:26:19.920><c> parties,</c>

00:26:20.380 --> 00:26:23.500
the<00:26:20.599><c> priests</c><00:26:20.839><c> and</c><00:26:21.079><c> temple</c><00:26:21.500><c> guard</c><00:26:21.920><c> and</c><00:26:22.599><c> the</c><00:26:22.740><c> Herodian</c><00:26:23.200><c> princes</c>

00:26:23.500 --> 00:26:24.799
at<00:26:23.700><c> Jerusalem,</c>

00:26:24.859 --> 00:26:28.619
with<00:26:25.019><c> the</c><00:26:25.160><c> proconsuls</c><00:26:25.700><c> of</c><00:26:25.920><c> Cyprus</c><00:26:26.319><c> and</c><00:26:26.559><c> Achaea</c><00:26:27.319><c> and</c><00:26:27.539><c> now</c><00:26:27.740><c> Mark.</c>

00:26:29.119 --> 00:26:32.359
And<00:26:29.140><c> Luke</c><00:26:29.500><c> gives</c><00:26:29.920><c> the</c><00:26:30.440><c> perfectly</c><00:26:30.859><c> right</c><00:26:31.319><c> word</c><00:26:31.619><c> to</c><00:26:31.900><c> describe</c>

00:26:32.359 --> 00:26:34.619
all<00:26:33.119><c> these</c><00:26:33.500><c> varied</c><00:26:33.819><c> offices,</c>

00:26:35.000 --> 00:26:39.099
the<00:26:35.299><c> rulers</c><00:26:35.539><c> of</c><00:26:35.740><c> the</c><00:26:35.940><c> synagogue</c><00:26:36.359><c> and</c><00:26:37.519><c> first</c><00:26:38.000><c> men</c><00:26:38.440><c> of</c><00:26:38.839><c> Antioch</c>

00:26:39.099 --> 00:26:39.660
and<00:26:39.240><c> Pisidia,</c>

00:26:39.660 --> 00:26:44.119
the<00:26:40.299><c> priest</c><00:26:40.640><c> of</c><00:26:40.960><c> Zeus</c><00:26:41.359><c> at</c><00:26:41.779><c> Lystra,</c><00:26:42.859><c> the</c><00:26:43.059><c> praetors,</c><00:26:43.839><c> lictors</c>

00:26:44.119 --> 00:26:46.400
and<00:26:44.299><c> jailer</c><00:26:45.000><c> at</c><00:26:45.259><c> Philippi,</c>

00:26:46.619 --> 00:26:50.799
the<00:26:46.900><c> polytarchs</c><00:26:47.480><c> of</c><00:26:47.559><c> Thessalonica,</c><00:26:48.900><c> the</c><00:26:49.119><c> Areopagus</c><00:26:49.660><c> of</c><00:26:49.940><c> Athens,</c>

00:26:50.940 --> 00:26:53.319
the<00:26:51.220><c> Asiarchs</c><00:26:51.740><c> with</c><00:26:51.900><c> the</c><00:26:52.140><c> people</c><00:26:52.339><c> assembly</c><00:26:52.680><c> and</c><00:26:52.920><c> secretary</c>

00:26:53.319 --> 00:26:54.599
of<00:26:53.660><c> Ephesus,</c>

00:26:54.740 --> 00:26:57.960
the<00:26:54.900><c> centurions,</c><00:26:56.019><c> tribune</c><00:26:56.299><c> and</c><00:26:56.519><c> procurator</c><00:26:57.039><c> of</c><00:26:57.240><c> Judea,</c>

00:26:58.420 --> 00:27:03.539
the<00:26:58.660><c> first</c><00:26:59.039><c> man</c><00:26:59.259><c> of</c><00:26:59.579><c> Malta</c><00:27:00.319><c> and</c><00:27:01.519><c> the</c><00:27:01.740><c> captain</c><00:27:02.000><c> of</c><00:27:02.200><c> the</c><00:27:02.400><c> camp</c><00:27:02.660><c> at</c><00:27:02.960><c> Rome.</c>

00:27:03.539 --> 00:27:08.539
And<00:27:04.200><c> in</c><00:27:04.339><c> every</c><00:27:04.640><c> case</c><00:27:04.960><c> he's</c><00:27:05.180><c> got</c><00:27:05.380><c> the</c><00:27:05.700><c> right</c><00:27:06.720><c> proper</c><00:27:07.119><c> description</c><00:27:07.839><c> of</c><00:27:08.400><c> the</c>

00:27:08.539 --> 00:27:10.079
men<00:27:08.759><c> concerned.</c>

00:27:15.319 --> 00:27:21.140
Now,<00:27:16.079><c> to</c><00:27:16.839><c> illustrate</c><00:27:17.339><c> how</c><00:27:17.660><c> easy</c><00:27:18.039><c> it</c><00:27:18.319><c> is</c><00:27:18.519><c> to</c><00:27:18.779><c> fall</c><00:27:18.900><c> into</c><00:27:19.200><c> a</c><00:27:19.359><c> pitfall,</c>

00:27:21.799 --> 00:27:27.019
a<00:27:21.839><c> fortnight</c><00:27:22.220><c> ago</c><00:27:22.579><c> I</c><00:27:23.000><c> spotted</c><00:27:23.339><c> this</c><00:27:23.720><c> note</c><00:27:23.900><c> in</c><00:27:24.480><c> the</c><00:27:25.079><c> weekly</c><00:27:25.579><c> Spectator,</c>

00:27:27.180 --> 00:27:29.339
an<00:27:27.480><c> English</c><00:27:28.160><c> serious</c><00:27:28.799><c> journal,</c>

00:27:29.339 --> 00:27:33.920
and<00:27:30.039><c> the</c><00:27:30.200><c> editor</c><00:27:30.660><c> indulges</c><00:27:31.640><c> a</c><00:27:32.619><c> column</c><00:27:32.779><c> or</c><00:27:33.019><c> two</c><00:27:33.180><c> of</c><00:27:33.640><c> lighter</c>

00:27:33.920 --> 00:27:36.380
matter<00:27:34.200><c> but</c><00:27:34.579><c> always</c><00:27:35.079><c> interesting.</c>

00:27:37.279 --> 00:27:40.299
Now,<00:27:37.500><c> Viscount</c><00:27:37.859><c> Simon,</c><00:27:38.359><c> who</c><00:27:38.519><c> was</c><00:27:38.619><c> a</c><00:27:38.759><c> very</c><00:27:39.400><c> well</c><00:27:39.740><c>-read,</c><00:27:40.019><c> very</c>

00:27:40.299 --> 00:27:41.799
learned<00:27:40.640><c> man,</c>

00:27:42.059 --> 00:27:45.420
was<00:27:42.180><c> replying</c><00:27:42.500><c> to</c><00:27:42.680><c> a</c><00:27:43.019><c> proposal</c><00:27:43.579><c> in</c><00:27:44.380><c> a</c><00:27:44.640><c> debate</c><00:27:44.859><c> in</c><00:27:45.039><c> the</c><00:27:45.220><c> House</c>

00:27:45.420 --> 00:27:46.539
of<00:27:45.680><c> Lords,</c>

00:27:47.259 --> 00:27:48.880
and<00:27:47.480><c> says</c><00:27:47.700><c> the</c><00:27:47.880><c> editor</c><00:27:48.160><c> of</c><00:27:48.319><c> the</c><00:27:48.480><c> Spectator,</c>

00:27:49.099 --> 00:27:53.440
I<00:27:49.140><c> lighted</c><00:27:49.519><c> on</c><00:27:49.759><c> a</c><00:27:49.980><c> passage</c><00:27:50.220><c> in</c><00:27:50.400><c> which</c><00:27:50.619><c> Lord</c><00:27:50.900><c> Simon</c><00:27:51.339><c> illustrated</c><00:27:52.059><c> a</c><00:27:52.440><c> contention</c>

00:27:53.440 --> 00:27:56.579
by<00:27:53.900><c> a</c><00:27:54.160><c> reference</c><00:27:54.319><c> to</c><00:27:54.599><c> the</c><00:27:54.839><c> proceedings</c><00:27:55.220><c> of</c><00:27:55.480><c> the</c><00:27:55.680><c> Pickwick</c><00:27:56.079><c> Club,</c>

00:27:56.579 --> 00:28:00.700
that's<00:27:57.400><c> a</c><00:27:57.640><c> classic</c><00:27:57.920><c> of</c><00:27:58.200><c> Dickens,</c><00:27:58.599><c> as</c><00:27:58.640><c> you</c><00:27:58.839><c> know,</c><00:27:59.740><c> perhaps,</c>

00:28:00.759 --> 00:28:04.059
and<00:28:01.079><c> in</c><00:28:01.279><c> particular</c><00:28:01.700><c> to</c><00:28:01.920><c> a</c><00:28:02.180><c> derogatory</c><00:28:02.839><c> epithet</c><00:28:03.400><c> applied</c><00:28:03.779><c> by</c>

00:28:04.059 --> 00:28:06.180
Mr<00:28:04.299><c> Pickwick</c><00:28:04.700><c> to</c><00:28:04.920><c> a</c><00:28:05.119><c> fellow</c><00:28:05.259><c> member.</c>

00:28:06.299 --> 00:28:11.059
His<00:28:06.380><c> name,</c><00:28:06.700><c> I</c><00:28:07.039><c> think,</c><00:28:08.180><c> was</c><00:28:08.319><c> Mr</c><00:28:08.640><c> Blossom</c><00:28:09.599><c> of</c><00:28:10.039><c> Aldwych.</c>

00:28:11.559 --> 00:28:14.460
That<00:28:12.200><c> pulled</c><00:28:12.380><c> me</c><00:28:12.599><c> up,</c><00:28:13.259><c> says</c><00:28:13.500><c> Wilson</c><00:28:13.859><c>-Harris,</c>

00:28:14.940 --> 00:28:19.299
a<00:28:15.099><c> reference</c><00:28:15.319><c> to</c><00:28:15.619><c> Aldwych</c><00:28:16.660><c> in</c><00:28:16.980><c> a</c><00:28:17.140><c> book</c><00:28:17.380><c> published</c><00:28:17.839><c> in</c><00:28:18.160><c> 1836</c>

00:28:19.299 --> 00:28:23.759
when<00:28:20.380><c> the</c><00:28:20.740><c> old</c><00:28:21.079><c> name</c><00:28:21.380><c> had</c><00:28:21.599><c> been</c><00:28:21.859><c> dormant</c><00:28:22.240><c> for</c><00:28:22.559><c> centuries.</c>

00:28:24.579 --> 00:28:27.660
Whose<00:28:25.059><c> was</c><00:28:25.319><c> the</c><00:28:25.559><c> slip,</c><00:28:25.900><c> the</c><00:28:26.000><c> speakers</c><00:28:26.299><c> or</c><00:28:26.519><c> the</c><00:28:26.759><c> reporters?</c>

00:28:27.920 --> 00:28:30.880
I<00:28:28.079><c> cannot</c><00:28:28.380><c> say,</c><00:28:28.720><c> but</c><00:28:28.880><c> the</c><00:28:29.099><c> truth</c><00:28:29.220><c> must</c><00:28:29.500><c> be</c><00:28:29.660><c> vindicated,</c>

00:28:30.900 --> 00:28:34.500
and<00:28:31.079><c> the</c><00:28:31.279><c> truth</c><00:28:31.460><c> is</c><00:28:31.680><c> that</c><00:28:31.859><c> the</c><00:28:32.019><c> gentleman's</c><00:28:32.480><c> name</c><00:28:32.700><c> was</c><00:28:33.000><c> Blottam,</c><00:28:34.200><c> which</c>

00:28:34.500 --> 00:28:35.799
matters<00:28:34.799><c> little,</c>

00:28:35.859 --> 00:28:39.839
and<00:28:36.099><c> his</c><00:28:36.299><c> domicile</c><00:28:37.420><c> Aldgate,</c><00:28:38.799><c> which</c><00:28:38.980><c> in</c><00:28:39.140><c> the</c><00:28:39.400><c> circumstances</c>

00:28:39.839 --> 00:28:41.039
matters<00:28:40.279><c> quite</c><00:28:40.599><c> a</c><00:28:40.759><c> lot.</c>

00:28:41.460 --> 00:28:45.079
So,<00:28:41.740><c> you</c><00:28:41.740><c> see,</c><00:28:42.180><c> here</c><00:28:42.380><c> is</c><00:28:42.680><c> a</c><00:28:42.880><c> cultured</c><00:28:43.380><c> man,</c><00:28:43.700><c> Lord</c><00:28:43.859><c> Simon,</c>

00:28:45.410 --> 00:28:50.960
quoting<00:28:45.819><c> with</c><00:28:46.259><c> ease</c><00:28:46.759><c> a</c><00:28:46.980><c> reference</c><00:28:47.539><c> to</c><00:28:48.779><c> what</c><00:28:48.960><c> is</c><00:28:50.079><c> a</c><00:28:50.779><c> work</c>

00:28:50.960 --> 00:28:54.799
that's<00:28:51.359><c> entered</c><00:28:51.420><c> into</c><00:28:51.759><c> the</c><00:28:52.279><c> household</c><00:28:52.819><c> tongue,</c><00:28:53.480><c> almost,</c><00:28:54.599><c> of</c>

00:28:54.799 --> 00:28:56.339
the<00:28:54.900><c> British</c><00:28:55.220><c> people,</c>

00:28:56.480 --> 00:28:59.440
and<00:28:56.680><c> in</c><00:28:56.839><c> one</c><00:28:57.059><c> sentence</c><00:28:57.500><c> he</c><00:28:57.660><c> makes</c><00:28:57.960><c> two</c><00:28:58.200><c> mistakes.</c>

00:28:59.940 --> 00:29:03.900
He<00:29:00.059><c> gives</c><00:29:00.259><c> the</c><00:29:00.440><c> man's</c><00:29:00.799><c> name</c><00:29:00.980><c> wrong,</c><00:29:02.460><c> and</c><00:29:02.700><c> by</c><00:29:03.059><c> an</c><00:29:03.220><c> anachronism</c>

00:29:03.900 --> 00:29:07.839
he<00:29:04.039><c> gives</c><00:29:04.279><c> the</c><00:29:04.579><c> old</c><00:29:04.920><c> name</c><00:29:05.359><c> Aldwych</c><00:29:06.039><c> to</c><00:29:06.640><c> what</c><00:29:06.900><c> was</c><00:29:07.319><c> afterwards</c>

00:29:07.839 --> 00:29:09.960
changed<00:29:08.279><c> to</c><00:29:08.700><c> Aldgate.</c>

00:29:10.259 --> 00:29:14.119
But<00:29:10.819><c> the</c><00:29:11.019><c> whole</c><00:29:11.380><c> point</c><00:29:11.619><c> of</c><00:29:11.819><c> the</c><00:29:12.079><c> story</c><00:29:12.500><c> is</c><00:29:13.079><c> lost,</c>

00:29:14.539 --> 00:29:20.160
because<00:29:15.099><c> Aldgate</c><00:29:15.660><c> was</c><00:29:16.619><c> the</c><00:29:17.259><c> place</c><00:29:17.559><c> of</c><00:29:17.839><c> a</c><00:29:18.200><c> famous</c><00:29:18.680><c> prison</c><00:29:19.259><c> in</c>

00:29:20.160 --> 00:29:21.900
the<00:29:20.279><c> days</c><00:29:20.500><c> of</c><00:29:20.779><c> Dickens,</c>

00:29:22.140 --> 00:29:25.539
and<00:29:22.259><c> the</c><00:29:22.480><c> reference</c><00:29:22.759><c> put</c><00:29:23.019><c> into</c><00:29:23.279><c> the</c><00:29:23.440><c> mouth</c><00:29:23.640><c> of</c><00:29:23.819><c> Mr</c><00:29:24.059><c> Pickwick</c><00:29:24.619><c> is</c><00:29:25.319><c> a</c>

00:29:25.539 --> 00:29:26.440
satirical<00:29:26.059><c> one.</c>

00:29:26.660 --> 00:29:29.599
His<00:29:26.839><c> name,</c><00:29:27.039><c> I</c><00:29:27.220><c> think,</c><00:29:27.480><c> was</c><00:29:27.619><c> Mr</c><00:29:27.980><c> Blottam</c><00:29:28.400><c> of</c><00:29:28.920><c> Aldwych.</c>

00:29:29.940 --> 00:29:32.880
He's<00:29:30.200><c> the</c><00:29:30.420><c> representative</c><00:29:31.079><c> of</c><00:29:31.720><c> the</c><00:29:31.940><c> prison.</c>

00:29:33.059 --> 00:29:37.799
It's<00:29:33.299><c> satirical</c><00:29:33.839><c> and</c><00:29:34.059><c> scornful,</c><00:29:34.940><c> but</c><00:29:35.140><c> by</c><00:29:35.380><c> the</c><00:29:35.579><c> change</c><00:29:35.799><c> of</c><00:29:36.059><c> name</c><00:29:36.240><c> it's</c><00:29:36.559><c> all</c><00:29:36.880><c> lost.</c>

00:29:38.039 --> 00:29:41.500
How<00:29:38.640><c> easy</c><00:29:39.240><c> it</c><00:29:39.500><c> is</c><00:29:39.759><c> to</c><00:29:40.019><c> make</c><00:29:40.220><c> a</c><00:29:40.440><c> mistake</c>

00:29:42.039 --> 00:29:45.420
and<00:29:42.640><c> look</c><00:29:42.839><c> at</c><00:29:43.099><c> all</c><00:29:43.460><c> those</c><00:29:43.759><c> pitfalls</c><00:29:44.420><c> which</c><00:29:44.680><c> we've</c><00:29:44.980><c> illustrated</c>

00:29:45.420 --> 00:29:48.420
in<00:29:45.680><c> that</c><00:29:45.880><c> list</c><00:29:46.180><c> of</c><00:29:46.460><c> names</c><00:29:46.700><c> of</c><00:29:47.039><c> different</c><00:29:47.339><c> places,</c>

00:29:48.599 --> 00:29:52.220
and<00:29:48.980><c> never</c><00:29:49.319><c> once</c><00:29:49.720><c> has</c><00:29:50.019><c> Luke</c><00:29:50.240><c> been</c><00:29:50.619><c> found</c><00:29:50.859><c> to</c><00:29:51.079><c> be</c><00:29:51.299><c> wrong.</c>