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WEBVTT
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Language: en

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Alright,<00:00:01.620><c> good</c><00:00:01.720><c> morning</c><00:00:01.980><c> everyone.</c><00:00:03.419><c> We</c><00:00:03.980><c> didn't</c><00:00:04.179><c> quite</c><00:00:04.440><c> finish</c><00:00:05.000><c> the</c>

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class<00:00:06.440><c> yesterday,</c><00:00:06.960><c> so</c><00:00:07.099><c> I've</c><00:00:07.259><c> had</c><00:00:07.379><c> to</c><00:00:07.519><c> carry</c><00:00:07.719><c> some</c><00:00:07.940><c> of</c><00:00:08.060><c> the</c><00:00:08.199><c> content</c><00:00:08.539><c> over</c><00:00:08.859><c> to</c>

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this<00:00:09.240><c> morning,</c><00:00:09.519><c> which</c><00:00:09.720><c> means</c><00:00:09.960><c> I'll</c><00:00:10.240><c> be</c><00:00:10.960><c> moving</c><00:00:11.359><c> quicker</c><00:00:11.900><c> than</c><00:00:12.220><c> normal.</c>

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So<00:00:13.839><c> let's</c><00:00:14.060><c> get</c><00:00:14.320><c> right</c><00:00:14.519><c> into</c><00:00:14.820><c> it.</c><00:00:14.980><c> We</c><00:00:15.080><c> were</c><00:00:15.259><c> looking</c><00:00:15.539><c> yesterday</c>

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at<00:00:16.660><c> the</c><00:00:18.339><c> developments</c><00:00:18.920><c> that</c><00:00:19.300><c> took</c><00:00:19.579><c> the</c><00:00:19.820><c> papacy</c><00:00:20.219><c> to</c><00:00:20.539><c> a</c><00:00:20.679><c> yet</c><00:00:20.859><c> higher</c><00:00:21.199><c> level</c><00:00:21.539><c> of</c>

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power<00:00:22.140><c> and</c><00:00:22.500><c> authority.</c>

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Not<00:00:23.500><c> just</c><00:00:23.859><c> a</c><00:00:24.320><c> spiritual</c><00:00:25.660><c> authority,</c><00:00:27.039><c> but</c><00:00:27.059><c> now</c><00:00:27.539><c> moving</c><00:00:27.760><c> into</c><00:00:28.059><c> the</c><00:00:28.420><c> political</c><00:00:28.879><c> realm.</c><00:00:29.920><c> And</c><00:00:30.460><c> the</c><00:00:31.199><c> papacy,</c><00:00:32.840><c> the</c><00:00:32.960><c> Roman</c><00:00:33.259><c> bishops</c><00:00:33.679><c> were</c><00:00:34.039><c> seizing</c><00:00:34.399><c> every</c><00:00:34.880><c> opportunity</c><00:00:35.600><c> available</c><00:00:36.140><c> to</c><00:00:36.439><c> them,</c><00:00:36.740><c> including</c><00:00:37.280><c> forging</c><00:00:37.880><c> documents</c><00:00:38.619><c> to</c><00:00:39.479><c> try</c><00:00:39.859><c> and</c><00:00:40.340><c> catapult</c><00:00:40.719><c> themselves</c><00:00:41.259><c> to</c><00:00:41.539><c> a</c>

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higher<00:00:41.920><c> level</c><00:00:42.380><c> of</c><00:00:43.259><c> power.</c>

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And<00:00:44.560><c> we</c><00:00:45.100><c> finished</c><00:00:45.460><c> yesterday</c><00:00:46.119><c> looking</c><00:00:46.619><c> at</c><00:00:48.039><c> some</c><00:00:48.359><c> of</c><00:00:48.500><c> the</c><00:00:48.659><c> claims</c><00:00:48.920><c> that</c>

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were<00:00:49.280><c> made</c><00:00:49.600><c> by,</c><00:00:50.600><c> I</c><00:00:50.960><c> think</c><00:00:51.140><c> it</c><00:00:51.280><c> was</c><00:00:51.420><c> Pope</c><00:00:51.640><c> Innocent</c><00:00:52.100><c> III,</c><00:00:52.979><c> and</c>

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we're<00:00:53.240><c> going</c><00:00:53.420><c> to</c><00:00:53.719><c> pick</c><00:00:53.899><c> up</c><00:00:54.340><c> at</c><00:00:54.579><c> that</c><00:00:54.840><c> point</c><00:00:55.000><c> again</c><00:00:55.259><c> this</c><00:00:55.500><c> morning.</c>

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This<00:00:55.960><c> is</c><00:00:56.359><c> yet</c><00:00:56.619><c> another</c><00:00:57.859><c> view</c><00:00:58.920><c> of</c><00:00:59.420><c> Innocent</c><00:00:59.920><c> III,</c><00:01:00.659><c> this</c><00:01:00.899><c> time</c>

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provided<00:01:01.520><c> by</c><00:01:01.719><c> the</c><00:01:01.859><c> writer</c><00:01:02.079><c> Deansley,</c><00:01:03.520><c> who</c><00:01:03.740><c> writes,</c>

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The<00:01:04.659><c> Lord</c><00:01:04.879><c> Jesus</c><00:01:05.319><c> Christ</c><00:01:05.620><c> has</c><00:01:05.859><c> set</c><00:01:06.019><c> up</c><00:01:06.200><c> one</c><00:01:06.480><c> ruler</c><00:01:06.859><c> over</c><00:01:07.680><c> all</c>

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things.<00:01:08.439><c> These</c><00:01:08.519><c> are</c><00:01:08.680><c> the</c><00:01:08.719><c> words</c><00:01:08.939><c> of</c><00:01:09.200><c> Innocent</c><00:01:09.599><c> III</c><00:01:09.959><c> as</c><00:01:11.260><c> his</c><00:01:11.620><c> universal</c><00:01:12.180><c> vicar,</c><00:01:12.799><c> and</c><00:01:12.799><c> as</c>

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all<00:01:13.420><c> things</c><00:01:13.620><c> in</c><00:01:13.859><c> heaven,</c><00:01:14.120><c> earth</c><00:01:14.459><c> and</c><00:01:14.599><c> hell</c><00:01:14.879><c> bow</c><00:01:15.219><c> the</c><00:01:15.400><c> knee</c><00:01:15.540><c> to</c>

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Christ,<00:01:16.719><c> so</c><00:01:16.980><c> should</c><00:01:17.260><c> all</c><00:01:17.620><c> obey</c><00:01:18.019><c> Christ's</c><00:01:18.879><c> vicar,</c><00:01:19.640><c> that</c><00:01:19.739><c> there</c>

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be<00:01:20.280><c> one</c><00:01:20.719><c> flock</c><00:01:21.019><c> and</c><00:01:21.359><c> one</c><00:01:21.640><c> shepherd.</c>

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And<00:01:22.959><c> so</c><00:01:23.200><c> the</c><00:01:23.359><c> writer</c><00:01:23.540><c> says,</c><00:01:24.599><c> Innocent</c><00:01:24.879><c> III</c><00:01:25.219><c> not</c><00:01:25.540><c> only</c><00:01:25.819><c> ruled</c><00:01:26.079><c> the</c><00:01:26.340><c> church,</c><00:01:26.719><c> but</c><00:01:26.840><c> he</c><00:01:27.019><c> was</c><00:01:27.260><c> a</c>

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greater<00:01:27.719><c> force</c><00:01:28.239><c> in</c><00:01:28.939><c> the</c><00:01:29.180><c> secular</c><00:01:29.599><c> politics</c><00:01:30.180><c> of</c><00:01:30.459><c> Europe</c><00:01:30.799><c> than</c>

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either<00:01:31.519><c> emperor</c><00:01:31.900><c> or</c><00:01:32.359><c> national</c><00:01:32.840><c> king.</c>

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So<00:01:34.079><c> this</c><00:01:34.280><c> now</c><00:01:34.519><c> showing</c><00:01:34.939><c> the</c><00:01:35.280><c> Pope's</c><00:01:35.859><c> really</c><00:01:36.239><c> involving</c><00:01:36.719><c> themselves</c><00:01:37.239><c> now</c>

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in<00:01:38.140><c> secular</c><00:01:38.500><c> matters</c><00:01:39.099><c> and</c><00:01:41.640><c> clawing</c><00:01:42.640><c> their</c><00:01:42.840><c> way</c><00:01:43.099><c> upward.</c>

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And<00:01:49.840><c> now</c><00:01:50.079><c> we</c><00:01:50.239><c> have</c><00:01:50.459><c> technical</c><00:01:50.959><c> difficulties.</c>

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There<00:01:57.760><c> we</c><00:01:57.920><c> go.</c>

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Okay,<00:02:00.379><c> more</c><00:02:00.579><c> along</c><00:02:00.760><c> the</c><00:02:00.980><c> same</c><00:02:01.180><c> lines,</c><00:02:01.659><c> moving</c><00:02:01.920><c> a</c><00:02:02.060><c> little</c><00:02:02.239><c> bit</c>

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later<00:02:02.659><c> than</c><00:02:02.939><c> Innocent</c><00:02:03.319><c> III,</c><00:02:03.859><c> Boniface</c><00:02:04.280><c> VIII,</c><00:02:05.140><c> another</c><00:02:05.420><c> pope.</c>

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This<00:02:06.939><c> is</c><00:02:07.120><c> one</c><00:02:07.280><c> of</c><00:02:07.400><c> his</c><00:02:07.900><c> declarations,</c><00:02:08.759><c> Therefore</c><00:02:09.020><c> we</c><00:02:09.259><c> declare,</c><00:02:10.000><c> state,</c>

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define<00:02:10.740><c> and</c><00:02:10.979><c> pronounce</c><00:02:11.340><c> that</c><00:02:11.560><c> for</c><00:02:11.860><c> every</c><00:02:12.219><c> human</c><00:02:12.620><c> creature</c><00:02:13.039><c> to</c>

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be<00:02:13.539><c> subject</c><00:02:14.020><c> to</c><00:02:14.340><c> the</c><00:02:14.460><c> Roman</c><00:02:14.780><c> pope</c><00:02:15.139><c> is</c><00:02:15.719><c> altogether</c><00:02:16.259><c> necessary</c>

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for<00:02:17.379><c> salvation.</c>

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These<00:02:19.159><c> are</c><00:02:19.479><c> incredible</c><00:02:20.060><c> and</c><00:02:20.520><c> fabulous</c><00:02:21.000><c> claims</c><00:02:21.400><c> that</c><00:02:21.599><c> are</c><00:02:21.680><c> being</c><00:02:21.900><c> made</c><00:02:22.139><c> by</c>

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the<00:02:22.560><c> popes.</c>

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Gone<00:02:25.219><c> from</c><00:02:25.500><c> the</c><00:02:25.800><c> situation</c><00:02:26.240><c> from</c><00:02:26.539><c> where</c><00:02:26.659><c> they</c><00:02:26.819><c> were</c><00:02:26.919><c> being</c><00:02:27.159><c> endorsed</c><00:02:27.659><c> by</c>

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emperors<00:02:28.719><c> as</c><00:02:28.960><c> being</c><00:02:29.099><c> the</c><00:02:29.360><c> spiritual</c><00:02:29.699><c> head</c><00:02:29.939><c> to</c><00:02:30.120><c> now</c><00:02:30.300><c> themselves</c><00:02:30.979><c> making</c><00:02:31.800><c> these</c><00:02:32.099><c> outrageous</c><00:02:32.840><c> proclamations</c><00:02:33.699><c> of</c>

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their<00:02:34.180><c> authority.</c>

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Another<00:02:36.199><c> quote,</c><00:02:36.780><c> Let</c><00:02:36.780><c> no</c><00:02:37.099><c> man</c><00:02:37.400><c> whatever</c><00:02:38.000><c> infringe</c><00:02:38.560><c> this</c><00:02:38.919><c> page</c>

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of<00:02:39.360><c> our</c><00:02:39.539><c> decree</c><00:02:39.979><c> or</c><00:02:40.979><c> oppose</c><00:02:41.319><c> it</c><00:02:41.539><c> with</c><00:02:41.840><c> rash</c><00:02:42.180><c> daring.</c>

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But<00:02:43.379><c> if</c><00:02:43.680><c> anyone</c><00:02:44.039><c> shall</c><00:02:44.360><c> presume</c><00:02:44.699><c> to</c><00:02:45.080><c> attempt</c><00:02:45.379><c> this,</c><00:02:46.120><c> he</c><00:02:46.340><c> shall</c>

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know<00:02:46.879><c> that</c><00:02:47.060><c> he</c><00:02:47.259><c> is</c><00:02:47.500><c> about</c><00:02:47.699><c> to</c><00:02:48.039><c> incur</c><00:02:48.280><c> the</c><00:02:48.780><c> indignation</c><00:02:49.419><c> of</c><00:02:49.780><c> Almighty</c><00:02:50.159><c> God</c>

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and<00:02:51.159><c> of</c><00:02:51.319><c> his</c><00:02:51.560><c> blessed</c><00:02:51.919><c> apostles,</c><00:02:52.680><c> Peter</c><00:02:52.979><c> and</c><00:02:53.259><c> Paul.</c>

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So<00:02:54.879><c> he's</c><00:02:55.300><c> speaking</c><00:02:55.819><c> supposedly</c><00:02:56.460><c> on</c><00:02:56.819><c> behalf</c><00:02:57.159><c> of</c><00:02:57.460><c> God</c><00:02:57.719><c> and</c><00:02:57.979><c> the</c>

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apostles<00:02:58.719><c> when</c><00:02:59.479><c> he</c><00:02:59.780><c> speaks.</c>

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These<00:03:00.280><c> are</c><00:03:01.639><c> these</c><00:03:01.639><c> are</c><00:03:02.240><c> major</c><00:03:02.539><c> league</c><00:03:02.860><c> threats</c><00:03:03.280><c> that</c><00:03:03.479><c> are</c><00:03:03.599><c> being</c><00:03:03.860><c> issued</c><00:03:04.219><c> now</c>

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by<00:03:04.800><c> the</c><00:03:05.740><c> the</c><00:03:05.960><c> popes.</c>

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Well,<00:03:07.219><c> this</c><00:03:07.379><c> is</c><00:03:07.580><c> also</c><00:03:07.840><c> a</c><00:03:08.039><c> time</c><00:03:08.219><c> when</c><00:03:08.780><c> a</c><00:03:09.400><c> lot</c><00:03:09.639><c> of</c><00:03:09.840><c> the</c><00:03:10.599><c> what</c><00:03:10.860><c> we</c>

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consider<00:03:11.460><c> to</c><00:03:11.639><c> be</c><00:03:11.819><c> crazy</c><00:03:12.240><c> and</c><00:03:12.539><c> outrageous</c><00:03:13.060><c> and</c><00:03:13.319><c> outlandish</c>

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doctrines<00:03:15.419><c> were</c><00:03:15.919><c> actually</c><00:03:16.479><c> concocted</c><00:03:17.159><c> during</c><00:03:17.460><c> this</c><00:03:17.780><c> period.</c>

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Where<00:03:19.280><c> the</c><00:03:19.539><c> popes</c><00:03:19.819><c> are</c><00:03:20.020><c> now</c><00:03:20.240><c> reaching</c><00:03:20.620><c> their</c><00:03:21.000><c> highest</c><00:03:21.919><c> pitch</c>

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of<00:03:22.800><c> power.</c>

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And<00:03:24.120><c> we're</c><00:03:24.280><c> going</c><00:03:24.419><c> to</c><00:03:24.539><c> have</c><00:03:24.699><c> a</c><00:03:24.780><c> look</c><00:03:24.919><c> now</c><00:03:25.159><c> just</c><00:03:25.379><c> some</c><00:03:25.599><c> examples</c>

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of<00:03:26.539><c> some</c><00:03:26.780><c> of</c><00:03:26.900><c> these</c><00:03:27.180><c> crazy</c><00:03:27.840><c> doctrines</c><00:03:28.680><c> that</c><00:03:29.199><c> were,</c><00:03:30.120><c> I'll</c><00:03:30.120><c> say,</c>

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invented<00:03:31.039><c> during</c><00:03:31.580><c> this</c><00:03:31.840><c> period.</c>

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So<00:03:33.539><c> one</c><00:03:33.719><c> is</c><00:03:34.080><c> the</c><00:03:34.439><c> doctrine</c><00:03:34.819><c> of</c><00:03:35.159><c> indulgence</c><00:03:35.680><c> and</c><00:03:35.860><c> indulgence</c>

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is<00:03:37.120><c> the</c><00:03:37.280><c> remission</c><00:03:37.719><c> of</c><00:03:37.960><c> the</c><00:03:38.139><c> temporal</c><00:03:38.439><c> punishment</c><00:03:39.060><c> due</c><00:03:39.460><c> to</c>

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God<00:03:40.120><c> for</c><00:03:40.520><c> sin.</c>

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Indulgences<00:03:42.219><c> could</c><00:03:42.460><c> be</c><00:03:42.740><c> purchased</c><00:03:43.199><c> with</c><00:03:43.500><c> money</c><00:03:43.919><c> in</c><00:03:44.580><c> medieval</c><00:03:44.900><c> times.</c>

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So<00:03:46.199><c> you</c><00:03:46.319><c> could</c><00:03:46.560><c> essentially</c><00:03:47.000><c> purchase</c><00:03:47.680><c> forgiveness</c><00:03:48.280><c> and</c><00:03:49.979><c> avoid</c><00:03:50.460><c> any</c>

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kind<00:03:51.000><c> of</c><00:03:51.259><c> temporal</c><00:03:51.560><c> or</c><00:03:52.219><c> secular</c><00:03:52.659><c> punishment</c><00:03:53.240><c> for</c><00:03:53.639><c> the</c><00:03:53.879><c> thing</c>

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that<00:03:55.180><c> you</c><00:03:55.360><c> have</c><00:03:55.580><c> done,</c><00:03:55.819><c> which</c><00:03:55.979><c> is</c><00:03:56.240><c> wrong.</c>

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Merit.<00:03:57.259><c> Merit</c><00:03:57.539><c> is</c><00:03:57.699><c> the</c><00:03:57.879><c> favor</c><00:03:58.120><c> gained</c><00:03:58.479><c> with</c><00:03:58.740><c> God</c><00:03:59.099><c> by</c><00:03:59.800><c> performing</c><00:04:00.300><c> certain</c><00:04:00.680><c> acts.</c>

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Merit<00:04:01.539><c> can</c><00:04:01.780><c> be</c><00:04:02.139><c> accumulated</c><00:04:02.719><c> and</c><00:04:03.219><c> transferred.</c><00:04:04.620><c> That's</c><00:04:04.979><c> convenient.</c>

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Penance<00:04:09.180><c> involves</c><00:04:09.840><c> accusing</c><00:04:10.819><c> oneself</c><00:04:11.400><c> before</c><00:04:11.919><c> an</c><00:04:12.180><c> ordained</c>

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priest<00:04:13.080><c> and</c><00:04:13.379><c> performing</c><00:04:13.900><c> some</c><00:04:14.219><c> activity</c><00:04:14.699><c> imposed</c><00:04:15.159><c> by</c><00:04:15.460><c> the</c><00:04:15.719><c> priest,</c><00:04:16.420><c> such</c><00:04:16.639><c> as</c>

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the<00:04:17.199><c> Hail</c><00:04:17.399><c> Mary</c><00:04:17.759><c> prayer.</c>

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But<00:04:18.779><c> it</c><00:04:18.800><c> has</c><00:04:19.000><c> to</c><00:04:19.160><c> be</c><00:04:19.399><c> before</c><00:04:19.740><c> an</c><00:04:19.959><c> ordained</c><00:04:20.360><c> priest</c><00:04:20.639><c> has</c><00:04:20.860><c> to</c><00:04:21.060><c> be</c>

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in<00:04:21.879><c> front</c><00:04:22.000><c> of</c><00:04:22.139><c> an</c><00:04:22.439><c> official</c><00:04:23.120><c> of</c><00:04:23.800><c> the</c><00:04:24.000><c> Roman</c><00:04:24.279><c> Catholic</c><00:04:24.680><c> Church.</c>

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Here's<00:04:27.139><c> a</c><00:04:27.300><c> list</c><00:04:27.500><c> of</c><00:04:27.759><c> some</c><00:04:28.139><c> major</c><00:04:28.660><c> medieval</c><00:04:29.240><c> doctrines</c><00:04:29.939><c> and</c><00:04:30.319><c> events.</c>

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It's<00:04:31.459><c> a</c><00:04:31.579><c> bit</c><00:04:31.680><c> of</c><00:04:31.899><c> a</c><00:04:32.019><c> busy</c><00:04:32.300><c> chart,</c><00:04:33.240><c> but</c><00:04:33.439><c> it'll</c><00:04:33.759><c> give</c><00:04:33.860><c> us</c><00:04:34.139><c> a</c><00:04:34.379><c> flavor</c><00:04:34.660><c> of</c><00:04:35.000><c> the</c><00:04:35.339><c> kinds</c><00:04:35.579><c> of</c>

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things<00:04:36.040><c> that</c><00:04:36.180><c> are</c><00:04:36.319><c> going</c><00:04:36.540><c> on</c><00:04:36.819><c> during</c><00:04:37.100><c> this</c><00:04:37.360><c> very</c><00:04:37.680><c> important</c><00:04:38.060><c> period.</c>

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So<00:04:39.300><c> this</c><00:04:39.480><c> is</c><00:04:39.620><c> when</c><00:04:39.920><c> the</c><00:04:40.120><c> idea</c><00:04:40.339><c> of</c><00:04:40.579><c> the</c><00:04:40.800><c> canonization</c><00:04:41.480><c> of</c><00:04:41.720><c> dead</c>

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saints<00:04:42.360><c> came</c><00:04:42.699><c> into</c><00:04:43.319><c> being.</c>

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The<00:04:45.959><c> celibacy</c><00:04:46.480><c> of</c><00:04:46.639><c> the</c><00:04:46.860><c> priesthood</c><00:04:47.240><c> was</c><00:04:47.540><c> decreed</c><00:04:47.860><c> during</c>

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this<00:04:48.319><c> period.</c>

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The<00:04:49.259><c> rosary</c><00:04:49.639><c> was</c><00:04:49.939><c> invented.</c><00:04:51.100><c> Unlimited</c><00:04:51.620><c> indulgences</c><00:04:52.540><c> for</c><00:04:52.860><c> crusaders.</c>

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So<00:04:53.699><c> if</c><00:04:53.779><c> you're</c><00:04:53.920><c> going</c><00:04:54.019><c> to</c><00:04:54.120><c> go</c><00:04:54.259><c> and</c><00:04:54.480><c> fight</c><00:04:54.740><c> the</c><00:04:55.199><c> crusades,</c><00:04:56.500><c> you</c>

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basically<00:04:57.519><c> have</c><00:04:57.759><c> a</c><00:04:57.980><c> get</c><00:04:58.120><c> out</c><00:04:58.300><c> of</c><00:04:58.399><c> jail</c><00:04:58.639><c> free</c><00:04:58.939><c> card.</c>

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Payment<00:05:02.000><c> for</c><00:05:02.319><c> Mass.</c><00:05:02.899><c> So</c><00:05:03.019><c> you</c><00:05:03.040><c> have</c><00:05:03.220><c> to</c><00:05:03.459><c> pay</c><00:05:03.759><c> to</c><00:05:03.939><c> go</c><00:05:04.300><c> to</c><00:05:04.540><c> the</c>

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memorial<00:05:05.079><c> every</c><00:05:05.399><c> week.</c>

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The<00:05:07.980><c> Inquisition</c><00:05:08.500><c> began</c><00:05:08.839><c> during</c><00:05:09.120><c> this</c><00:05:09.339><c> period.</c><00:05:10.360><c> Unlimited</c>

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indulgences<00:05:11.620><c> sold</c><00:05:11.939><c> for</c><00:05:12.220><c> money.</c>

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Reading<00:05:13.519><c> non</c><00:05:14.300><c>-Latin</c><00:05:14.639><c> Bibles</c><00:05:15.259><c> was</c><00:05:16.019><c> condemned.</c><00:05:17.439><c> Extermination</c>

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of<00:05:18.540><c> heretics</c><00:05:19.100><c> ordered.</c>

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Confession<00:05:20.839><c> to</c><00:05:21.160><c> priests</c><00:05:21.500><c> mandatory.</c><00:05:23.120><c> Bibles</c><00:05:23.660><c> forbidden</c><00:05:24.259><c> for</c><00:05:24.639><c> laymen.</c>

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Limbo<00:05:26.100><c> is</c><00:05:26.480><c> invented</c><00:05:27.000><c> for</c><00:05:27.379><c> unbaptized</c><00:05:28.199><c> infants.</c>

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There<00:05:29.759><c> is</c><00:05:29.939><c> a</c><00:05:30.180><c> treasury</c><00:05:30.579><c> of</c><00:05:31.000><c> merits.</c><00:05:32.019><c> And</c><00:05:32.300><c> a</c><00:05:32.480><c> new</c><00:05:32.699><c> calendar</c><00:05:33.139><c> was</c>

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decreed<00:05:33.920><c> by</c><00:05:34.259><c> Gregory</c><00:05:34.639><c> XIII.</c>

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So<00:05:36.620><c> all</c><00:05:36.819><c> of</c><00:05:36.980><c> these</c><00:05:37.279><c> crazy</c><00:05:37.779><c> things</c><00:05:38.579><c> were</c><00:05:40.420><c> brought</c><00:05:41.220><c> into</c><00:05:41.699><c> play</c>

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during<00:05:42.480><c> this</c><00:05:42.800><c> period.</c>

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So<00:05:43.360><c> as</c><00:05:43.980><c> the</c><00:05:44.240><c> papacy's</c><00:05:44.879><c> power</c><00:05:45.339><c> in</c><00:05:46.120><c> both</c><00:05:46.420><c> spiritual</c><00:05:46.879><c> and</c><00:05:47.220><c> temporal</c><00:05:47.540><c> matters</c><00:05:48.040><c> reached</c><00:05:48.540><c> its</c><00:05:48.860><c> peak,</c>

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the<00:05:49.959><c> Catholic</c><00:05:50.439><c> Church</c><00:05:50.759><c> it</c><00:05:50.980><c> seems</c><00:05:51.199><c> was</c><00:05:51.699><c> frantically</c><00:05:52.639><c> erecting</c>

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this<00:05:53.779><c> huge</c><00:05:54.439><c> apparatus</c><00:05:55.100><c> of</c><00:05:55.720><c> rules</c><00:05:56.040><c> and</c><00:05:56.399><c> restrictions</c>

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and<00:05:57.259><c> regulations</c><00:05:57.899><c> that</c><00:05:58.660><c> would</c><00:05:58.899><c> allow</c><00:05:59.240><c> it</c><00:05:59.680><c> to</c><00:06:00.959><c> basically</c><00:06:01.480><c> turn</c>

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Catholic<00:06:02.480><c> worship</c><00:06:03.019><c> into</c><00:06:03.560><c> a</c><00:06:03.860><c> monopoly</c>

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that<00:06:05.139><c> the</c><00:06:06.180><c> papacy</c><00:06:06.500><c> alone</c><00:06:06.959><c> was</c><00:06:07.279><c> going</c><00:06:07.480><c> to</c><00:06:07.639><c> be</c><00:06:07.779><c> able</c><00:06:07.939><c> to</c><00:06:08.240><c> control,</c><00:06:08.980><c> but</c><00:06:09.220><c> also</c><00:06:09.560><c> to</c>

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profit<00:06:10.180><c> from.</c>

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This<00:06:10.620><c> is</c><00:06:11.360><c> a</c><00:06:11.480><c> business.</c><00:06:12.420><c> They're</c><00:06:12.639><c> making</c><00:06:12.879><c> a</c><00:06:13.019><c> lot</c><00:06:13.160><c> of</c><00:06:13.360><c> money</c><00:06:14.040><c> from</c><00:06:14.879><c> setting</c><00:06:15.160><c> up</c>

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this<00:06:16.360><c> apparatus</c><00:06:16.920><c> of</c><00:06:17.579><c> rules.</c>

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And<00:06:19.240><c> as</c><00:06:19.660><c> I've</c><00:06:20.040><c> mentioned,</c><00:06:20.379><c> it</c><00:06:20.480><c> was</c><00:06:20.639><c> during</c><00:06:20.899><c> this</c><00:06:21.139><c> period</c><00:06:21.379><c> that</c>

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all<00:06:21.660><c> these</c><00:06:21.860><c> crazy</c><00:06:22.240><c> ideas</c><00:06:22.699><c> were</c><00:06:23.860><c> concocted</c>

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to<00:06:25.100><c> basically</c><00:06:25.680><c> consolidate</c><00:06:26.399><c> the</c><00:06:26.699><c> Church's</c><00:06:27.160><c> monopoly</c><00:06:27.579><c> over</c>

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worship<00:06:28.439><c> and</c><00:06:29.139><c> its</c><00:06:29.420><c> control</c><00:06:29.939><c> over</c><00:06:30.439><c> the</c><00:06:30.779><c> Scriptures.</c>

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And<00:06:33.959><c> this</c><00:06:34.180><c> I</c><00:06:34.339><c> think</c><00:06:34.740><c> turns</c><00:06:35.120><c> our</c><00:06:35.379><c> minds</c><00:06:35.680><c> to</c><00:06:36.600><c> Daniel</c><00:06:36.959><c> chapter</c><00:06:37.339><c> 7,</c>

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the<00:06:37.899><c> prophecy</c><00:06:38.199><c> of</c><00:06:38.379><c> the</c><00:06:38.540><c> little</c><00:06:38.779><c> horn.</c>

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And<00:06:41.199><c> all</c><00:06:41.459><c> these</c><00:06:41.720><c> bizarre</c><00:06:42.199><c> and</c><00:06:42.519><c> blasphemous</c><00:06:43.160><c> pronouncements</c>

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of<00:06:44.019><c> the</c><00:06:44.199><c> papacy</c><00:06:44.579><c> during</c><00:06:44.899><c> this</c><00:06:45.180><c> period</c>

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I<00:06:45.399><c> think</c><00:06:45.639><c> fulfill,</c><00:06:46.160><c> at</c><00:06:46.220><c> least</c><00:06:46.439><c> in</c><00:06:46.680><c> part,</c><00:06:48.279><c> the</c><00:06:48.720><c> things</c><00:06:49.000><c> that</c><00:06:49.160><c> are</c><00:06:49.339><c> written</c><00:06:49.500><c> here</c><00:06:49.860><c> in</c>

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Daniel<00:06:50.339><c> chapter</c><00:06:50.720><c> 7,</c>

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which<00:06:51.220><c> we'll</c><00:06:51.439><c> read</c><00:06:51.639><c> together</c><00:06:52.000><c> starting</c><00:06:52.300><c> at</c><00:06:52.500><c> verse</c><00:06:52.720><c> 8.</c><00:06:54.000><c> Daniel</c>

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writes<00:06:54.740><c> concerning</c><00:06:55.180><c> his</c><00:06:55.439><c> vision,</c>

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I<00:06:55.759><c> considered</c><00:06:56.139><c> the</c><00:06:56.399><c> horns.</c><00:06:57.300><c> Behold,</c><00:06:57.620><c> there</c><00:06:57.720><c> came</c><00:06:57.920><c> up</c><00:06:58.139><c> among</c>

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them<00:06:58.560><c> another</c><00:06:58.899><c> little</c><00:06:59.279><c> horn</c>

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before<00:06:59.959><c> whom</c><00:07:00.360><c> there</c><00:07:00.860><c> were</c><00:07:01.120><c> three</c><00:07:01.439><c> of</c><00:07:01.620><c> the</c><00:07:01.860><c> first</c><00:07:02.100><c> horns</c><00:07:02.379><c> plucked</c><00:07:02.779><c> up</c><00:07:02.879><c> by</c>

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the<00:07:03.220><c> roots.</c>

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And<00:07:03.600><c> behold,</c><00:07:04.579><c> in</c><00:07:05.420><c> this</c><00:07:05.839><c> horn</c><00:07:05.959><c> were</c><00:07:06.199><c> eyes</c><00:07:06.740><c> like</c><00:07:07.240><c> the</c><00:07:07.420><c> eyes</c><00:07:07.560><c> of</c><00:07:07.740><c> a</c>

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man<00:07:08.060><c> and</c><00:07:08.259><c> a</c><00:07:08.500><c> mouth</c><00:07:08.819><c> speaking</c><00:07:09.480><c> great</c><00:07:09.920><c> things.</c>

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And<00:07:11.160><c> verse</c><00:07:11.379><c> 20,</c><00:07:12.079><c> and</c><00:07:12.180><c> of</c><00:07:12.300><c> the</c><00:07:12.500><c> ten</c><00:07:12.699><c> horns</c><00:07:12.959><c> that</c><00:07:13.160><c> were</c><00:07:13.360><c> in</c><00:07:13.420><c> his</c>

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head<00:07:13.819><c> and</c><00:07:13.959><c> of</c><00:07:14.079><c> the</c><00:07:14.240><c> other</c><00:07:14.360><c> which</c><00:07:14.579><c> came</c><00:07:14.839><c> up</c>

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and<00:07:15.259><c> before</c><00:07:15.620><c> whom</c><00:07:15.839><c> three</c><00:07:16.120><c> fell,</c><00:07:17.319><c> even</c><00:07:17.540><c> of</c><00:07:17.800><c> that</c><00:07:18.120><c> horn</c><00:07:18.360><c> that</c><00:07:18.579><c> had</c><00:07:18.800><c> eyes</c><00:07:19.120><c> and</c><00:07:19.279><c> a</c>

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mouth<00:07:19.740><c> that</c><00:07:20.040><c> spake</c><00:07:20.240><c> very</c><00:07:20.600><c> great</c><00:07:20.819><c> things,</c>

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whose<00:07:21.899><c> look</c><00:07:22.240><c> was</c><00:07:22.740><c> more</c><00:07:23.060><c> stout</c><00:07:23.339><c> than</c><00:07:23.500><c> his</c><00:07:23.819><c> fellows,</c><00:07:24.660><c> I</c><00:07:24.839><c> beheld,</c>

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and<00:07:25.800><c> the</c><00:07:26.040><c> same</c><00:07:26.319><c> horn</c><00:07:26.600><c> made</c><00:07:26.939><c> war</c><00:07:27.259><c> with</c><00:07:27.500><c> the</c><00:07:27.720><c> saints</c>

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and<00:07:28.160><c> prevailed</c><00:07:28.519><c> against</c><00:07:28.879><c> them.</c><00:07:29.420><c> And</c><00:07:29.680><c> he</c><00:07:29.879><c> shall</c><00:07:30.040><c> speak</c><00:07:30.459><c> great</c>

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words,<00:07:31.519><c> verse</c><00:07:31.800><c> 25,</c><00:07:32.920><c> against</c><00:07:33.220><c> the</c><00:07:33.459><c> most</c><00:07:33.779><c> high</c>

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and<00:07:34.579><c> shall</c><00:07:34.860><c> wear</c><00:07:35.120><c> out</c><00:07:35.259><c> the</c><00:07:35.540><c> saints</c><00:07:35.699><c> in</c><00:07:35.860><c> the</c><00:07:35.959><c> most</c><00:07:36.259><c> high</c><00:07:36.399><c> and</c><00:07:36.600><c> think</c><00:07:36.740><c> to</c>

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change<00:07:37.459><c> times</c><00:07:37.980><c> and</c><00:07:38.399><c> laws.</c>

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And<00:07:39.839><c> they</c><00:07:40.060><c> shall</c><00:07:40.180><c> be</c><00:07:40.420><c> given</c><00:07:40.699><c> into</c><00:07:41.420><c> his</c><00:07:41.740><c> hand</c><00:07:41.980><c> until</c><00:07:42.379><c> a</c><00:07:42.720><c> time</c><00:07:43.100><c> and</c><00:07:43.819><c> times</c><00:07:44.279><c> and</c><00:07:44.879><c> the</c><00:07:45.199><c> dividing</c><00:07:45.459><c> of</c><00:07:45.920><c> time.</c>

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So<00:07:47.019><c> I</c><00:07:47.180><c> think</c><00:07:47.360><c> that</c><00:07:47.899><c> aptly</c><00:07:48.480><c> characterizes</c><00:07:49.220><c> the</c><00:07:49.959><c> things</c><00:07:50.160><c> that</c>

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we<00:07:50.579><c> just</c><00:07:50.839><c> looked</c><00:07:51.079><c> at,</c>

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some<00:07:51.579><c> of</c><00:07:51.740><c> the</c><00:07:51.879><c> rules,</c><00:07:52.240><c> the</c><00:07:52.439><c> regulations,</c><00:07:53.120><c> the</c><00:07:53.300><c> laws</c><00:07:53.600><c> that</c><00:07:53.860><c> were</c><00:07:54.639><c> promulgated</c><00:07:55.279><c> by</c>

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the<00:07:55.939><c> papacy,</c>

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the<00:07:57.000><c> changing</c><00:07:57.339><c> of</c><00:07:57.579><c> the</c><00:07:57.959><c> calendar</c><00:07:58.279><c> by</c><00:07:58.600><c> Gregory.</c><00:07:59.759><c> All</c><00:08:00.180><c> of</c><00:08:00.339><c> these</c>

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things<00:08:00.800><c> I</c><00:08:01.100><c> think</c><00:08:01.439><c> are</c><00:08:01.959><c> reflected</c>

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in<00:08:02.699><c> what</c><00:08:03.839><c> Daniel</c><00:08:04.160><c> saw</c><00:08:04.519><c> in</c><00:08:04.740><c> this</c><00:08:05.000><c> vision.</c><00:08:05.639><c> So</c><00:08:05.779><c> that</c><00:08:06.060><c> more</c><00:08:06.240><c> or</c><00:08:06.339><c> less</c><00:08:06.459><c> wraps</c><00:08:06.740><c> up</c>

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what<00:08:07.180><c> we</c><00:08:07.339><c> were</c><00:08:07.399><c> looking</c><00:08:07.660><c> at</c><00:08:07.860><c> yesterday.</c>

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And<00:08:09.160><c> here's</c><00:08:09.720><c> just</c><00:08:10.000><c> a</c><00:08:10.160><c> quick</c><00:08:10.360><c> summary</c><00:08:10.699><c> of</c><00:08:10.860><c> some</c><00:08:11.079><c> of</c><00:08:11.220><c> the</c><00:08:11.360><c> things</c>

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we<00:08:11.720><c> looked</c><00:08:11.879><c> at.</c>

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I<00:08:12.300><c> guess</c><00:08:12.500><c> the</c><00:08:12.740><c> highlight</c><00:08:13.060><c> of</c><00:08:13.180><c> it</c><00:08:13.339><c> was</c><00:08:13.560><c> the</c><00:08:13.899><c> interplay</c><00:08:14.259><c> between</c>

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the<00:08:15.740><c> popes</c><00:08:16.180><c> and</c><00:08:16.459><c> the</c><00:08:16.699><c> Franks</c>

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and<00:08:18.100><c> consolidating</c><00:08:19.160><c> their</c><00:08:19.600><c> power,</c><00:08:20.019><c> these</c><00:08:20.439><c> dual</c><00:08:20.740><c> powers</c><00:08:21.399><c> ruling</c><00:08:22.199><c> the</c>

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Holy<00:08:22.899><c> Roman</c><00:08:23.220><c> Empire,</c>

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which<00:08:23.959><c> conquered</c><00:08:24.459><c> essentially</c><00:08:25.699><c> what</c><00:08:26.699><c> was</c><00:08:27.379><c> Western</c><00:08:27.720><c> Europe,</c>

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a<00:08:28.480><c> lot</c><00:08:28.639><c> of</c><00:08:28.860><c> Germany.</c>

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But<00:08:32.039><c> we</c><00:08:32.320><c> move</c><00:08:32.580><c> from</c><00:08:32.840><c> that</c><00:08:33.120><c> now</c><00:08:33.419><c> into</c><00:08:33.879><c> our</c><00:08:34.200><c> next</c><00:08:34.860><c> examination,</c>

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which<00:08:35.809><c> is</c><00:08:36.149><c> really</c><00:08:36.710><c> those</c><00:08:37.029><c> who</c><00:08:37.230><c> are</c><00:08:37.389><c> on</c><00:08:37.490><c> the</c><00:08:37.769><c> receiving</c><00:08:38.049><c> end</c><00:08:38.789><c> of</c>

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these<00:08:40.389><c> papal</c><00:08:40.809><c> decrees</c><00:08:41.750><c> against</c><00:08:42.549><c> heretics</c>

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and<00:08:43.470><c> anyone</c><00:08:43.669><c> who</c><00:08:44.070><c> dare</c><00:08:44.350><c> deviate</c><00:08:45.009><c> from</c><00:08:46.009><c> what</c><00:08:46.529><c> the</c><00:08:46.929><c> Church</c><00:08:47.129><c> had</c>

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said<00:08:47.529><c> is</c><00:08:48.350><c> orthodox</c><00:08:48.970><c> and</c><00:08:49.269><c> acceptable</c><00:08:50.029><c> worship.</c>

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So<00:08:51.830><c> we're</c><00:08:51.950><c> going</c><00:08:52.129><c> to</c><00:08:52.289><c> look</c><00:08:52.470><c> at</c><00:08:52.830><c> the</c><00:08:53.250><c> heretics,</c><00:08:53.889><c> the</c><00:08:54.070><c> dissenters,</c><00:08:54.669><c> the</c><00:08:54.929><c> protesters,</c><00:08:55.990><c> the</c><00:08:56.230><c> Inquisition,</c>

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and<00:08:57.970><c> that's</c><00:08:58.830><c> the</c><00:08:58.970><c> period</c><00:08:59.149><c> that</c><00:08:59.350><c> we'll</c><00:08:59.509><c> look</c><00:08:59.809><c> at.</c><00:09:00.610><c> And</c><00:09:01.090><c> again,</c>

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we're<00:09:01.450><c> turning</c><00:09:01.629><c> our</c><00:09:01.850><c> minds</c><00:09:02.049><c> back</c><00:09:02.309><c> to</c><00:09:02.470><c> that</c><00:09:02.629><c> very</c><00:09:02.950><c> same</c>

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series<00:09:04.029><c> of</c><00:09:04.190><c> verses</c><00:09:04.409><c> we</c><00:09:04.629><c> were</c><00:09:04.669><c> looking</c><00:09:04.909><c> at,</c><00:09:05.090><c> but</c><00:09:05.190><c> this</c><00:09:05.370><c> time</c><00:09:05.509><c> looking</c><00:09:05.769><c> at</c>

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a<00:09:06.029><c> different</c><00:09:06.289><c> aspect.</c>

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The<00:09:06.889><c> aspect</c><00:09:07.230><c> here</c><00:09:07.470><c> is</c><00:09:07.649><c> not</c><00:09:07.830><c> so</c><00:09:07.990><c> much</c><00:09:08.230><c> the</c><00:09:09.169><c> mouse</c><00:09:09.509><c> speaking</c>

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great<00:09:10.169><c> things,</c>

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but<00:09:11.850><c> the</c><00:09:12.049><c> fact</c><00:09:12.230><c> that</c><00:09:12.429><c> the</c><00:09:12.570><c> little</c><00:09:12.750><c> horn</c><00:09:12.929><c> is</c><00:09:13.250><c> warring</c><00:09:13.750><c> against</c>

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the<00:09:14.789><c> saints,</c><00:09:15.129><c> not</c><00:09:15.370><c> only</c><00:09:15.649><c> warring</c><00:09:16.009><c> against</c><00:09:16.350><c> them,</c>

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but<00:09:17.149><c> prevailing</c><00:09:17.769><c> against</c><00:09:18.210><c> them.</c><00:09:19.129><c> And</c><00:09:19.389><c> it</c><00:09:19.570><c> says</c><00:09:19.730><c> there</c><00:09:19.950><c> in</c><00:09:20.049><c> verse</c><00:09:20.309><c> 25,</c>

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So<00:09:30.250><c> God</c><00:09:30.809><c> has</c><00:09:31.049><c> basically</c><00:09:31.409><c> defined</c><00:09:31.870><c> a</c><00:09:32.049><c> very</c><00:09:32.990><c> specific</c><00:09:33.950><c> time</c><00:09:34.350><c> period</c><00:09:34.549><c> in</c>

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which<00:09:35.549><c> the</c><00:09:36.409><c> little</c><00:09:36.590><c> horn</c><00:09:36.789><c> is</c><00:09:36.970><c> going</c><00:09:37.169><c> to</c><00:09:37.429><c> wear</c><00:09:37.590><c> out</c>

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and<00:09:38.149><c> overcome</c><00:09:38.470><c> the</c><00:09:38.769><c> saints.</c><00:09:39.450><c> So</c><00:09:39.570><c> we're</c><00:09:39.669><c> going</c><00:09:39.789><c> to</c><00:09:39.850><c> look</c><00:09:40.070><c> at</c><00:09:40.289><c> some</c><00:09:40.509><c> of</c>

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that<00:09:41.009><c> activity</c><00:09:41.470><c> this</c><00:09:43.090><c> morning.</c>

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So<00:09:46.730><c> here</c><00:09:46.950><c> we</c><00:09:47.169><c> have</c><00:09:47.809><c> a</c><00:09:48.889><c> decree</c><00:09:49.409><c> from</c><00:09:50.710><c> the</c><00:09:50.990><c> time</c><00:09:51.370><c> of</c><00:09:51.889><c> the</c><00:09:52.529><c> Inquisition,</c>

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and<00:09:54.250><c> this</c><00:09:54.970><c> actually</c><00:09:55.629><c> is</c><00:09:56.190><c> a</c><00:09:56.370><c> decree</c><00:09:56.590><c> that</c><00:09:56.870><c> was</c><00:09:58.370><c> proposed,</c><00:09:59.990><c> discussed,</c><00:10:00.470><c> and</c>

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agreed<00:10:00.870><c> upon</c><00:10:01.250><c> at</c><00:10:01.649><c> the</c><00:10:01.909><c> 12th</c><00:10:02.750><c> Ecumenical</c><00:10:03.330><c> Council.</c>

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So<00:10:04.730><c> you</c><00:10:04.830><c> remember</c><00:10:05.149><c> some</c><00:10:05.490><c> time</c><00:10:05.690><c> ago</c><00:10:05.870><c> we</c><00:10:06.009><c> had</c><00:10:06.129><c> looked</c><00:10:06.269><c> at</c><00:10:06.409><c> the</c>

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seven<00:10:07.409><c> ecumenical</c><00:10:08.149><c> councils.</c>

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This<00:10:09.990><c> is</c><00:10:10.210><c> now</c><00:10:10.450><c> the</c><00:10:10.769><c> 12th,</c><00:10:11.750><c> and</c><00:10:11.950><c> just</c><00:10:12.169><c> to</c><00:10:12.269><c> give</c><00:10:12.330><c> you</c><00:10:12.490><c> a</c><00:10:12.629><c> sense</c><00:10:12.809><c> as</c>

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to<00:10:13.169><c> the</c><00:10:13.490><c> scope</c><00:10:13.769><c> and</c><00:10:14.149><c> the</c><00:10:14.370><c> magnitude</c><00:10:14.750><c> of</c><00:10:14.929><c> these</c><00:10:15.169><c> councils,</c>

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at<00:10:15.710><c> least</c><00:10:15.889><c> this</c><00:10:16.210><c> one,</c><00:10:17.350><c> the</c><00:10:17.870><c> historians</c><00:10:18.110><c> will</c><00:10:18.370><c> tell</c><00:10:18.470><c> us</c><00:10:18.710><c> that</c>

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there<00:10:19.029><c> were</c><00:10:19.250><c> actually</c><00:10:19.649><c> in</c><00:10:19.909><c> attendance</c><00:10:20.409><c> 71</c><00:10:21.590><c> patriarchs</c><00:10:22.649><c> and</c>

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metropolitan,<00:10:23.669><c> so</c><00:10:23.889><c> these</c><00:10:24.129><c> are</c><00:10:24.350><c> like</c><00:10:24.590><c> the</c><00:10:25.370><c> super</c><00:10:25.889><c> chief</c><00:10:26.250><c> bishops,</c><00:10:27.070><c> underneath</c><00:10:27.470><c> the</c>

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pope<00:10:27.970><c> of</c><00:10:28.190><c> course,</c><00:10:28.610><c> but</c><00:10:28.830><c> above</c><00:10:29.129><c> the</c><00:10:29.370><c> others.</c>

00:10:30.909 --> 00:10:35.750
There<00:10:31.110><c> were</c><00:10:31.509><c> 412</c><00:10:32.649><c> bishops</c><00:10:33.330><c> in</c><00:10:33.690><c> attendance.</c><00:10:34.570><c> There</c><00:10:34.730><c> were</c><00:10:35.029><c> 900</c>

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abbots<00:10:36.370><c> and</c><00:10:36.830><c> priors,</c>

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and<00:10:38.190><c> representatives</c><00:10:38.730><c> of</c><00:10:39.129><c> several</c><00:10:39.529><c> kings</c><00:10:40.169><c> in</c><00:10:40.889><c> attendance</c><00:10:41.269><c> at</c>

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this<00:10:42.149><c> council.</c>

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And<00:10:42.669><c> the</c><00:10:42.769><c> reason</c><00:10:42.970><c> why</c><00:10:43.230><c> I</c><00:10:43.470><c> point</c><00:10:43.629><c> that</c><00:10:43.909><c> out</c><00:10:44.049><c> is,</c><00:10:45.049><c> let's</c><00:10:45.470><c> notice</c>

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now<00:10:46.149><c> what</c><00:10:46.549><c> all</c><00:10:46.909><c> of</c><00:10:47.070><c> these</c><00:10:47.750><c> brilliant</c><00:10:48.409><c> minds</c><00:10:49.269><c> had</c><00:10:50.169><c> discussed</c>

00:10:50.769 --> 00:10:55.409
and<00:10:51.149><c> agreed</c><00:10:51.330><c> upon</c><00:10:51.610><c> in</c><00:10:51.769><c> terms</c><00:10:52.049><c> of</c><00:10:52.350><c> the</c><00:10:52.710><c> outcome</c><00:10:53.070><c> of</c><00:10:53.210><c> the</c><00:10:53.409><c> council.</c><00:10:54.429><c> So</c><00:10:54.710><c> here's</c><00:10:55.009><c> a</c><00:10:55.169><c> decree.</c>

00:10:55.429 --> 00:10:58.690
It<00:10:55.529><c> was</c><00:10:55.830><c> proposed</c><00:10:56.250><c> initially</c><00:10:56.669><c> by</c><00:10:56.950><c> the</c><00:10:57.149><c> pope,</c><00:10:57.789><c> and</c><00:10:57.990><c> then</c><00:10:58.190><c> approved</c><00:10:58.470><c> by</c>

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those<00:10:58.950><c> who</c><00:10:59.110><c> were</c><00:10:59.350><c> present,</c>

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all<00:10:59.870><c> of</c><00:11:00.029><c> these</c><00:11:00.970><c> great</c><00:11:01.590><c> luminaries</c><00:11:02.330><c> of</c><00:11:02.629><c> the</c><00:11:02.809><c> Roman</c><00:11:03.070><c> Catholic</c><00:11:03.429><c> Church.</c>

00:11:03.970 --> 00:11:07.470
It<00:11:04.730><c> says</c><00:11:05.090><c> here</c><00:11:05.830><c> in</c><00:11:06.370><c> the</c><00:11:06.610><c> decree,</c>

00:11:48.590 --> 00:11:52.889
So<00:11:49.450><c> here's</c><00:11:50.309><c> how</c><00:11:50.470><c> we</c><00:11:50.570><c> can</c><00:11:50.750><c> see</c><00:11:50.909><c> the</c><00:11:51.350><c> papacy</c><00:11:51.750><c> is</c><00:11:52.009><c> exerting</c><00:11:52.330><c> leverage.</c>

00:11:53.289 --> 00:11:58.570
It's<00:11:53.769><c> using</c><00:11:54.570><c> the</c><00:11:55.730><c> church</c><00:11:56.210><c> and</c><00:11:56.649><c> membership</c><00:11:57.250><c> in</c><00:11:57.570><c> the</c><00:11:57.789><c> church</c><00:11:58.149><c> as</c>

00:11:58.570 --> 00:12:00.789
leverage<00:11:58.950><c> against</c><00:11:59.710><c> temporal</c><00:12:00.289><c> rulers</c>

00:12:00.789 --> 00:12:04.470
to<00:12:01.309><c> make</c><00:12:01.509><c> sure</c><00:12:01.870><c> that</c><00:12:02.129><c> they</c><00:12:02.389><c> do</c><00:12:02.889><c> what</c><00:12:03.330><c> the</c><00:12:03.590><c> pope</c><00:12:03.750><c> wants</c><00:12:04.110><c> them</c><00:12:04.289><c> to</c>

00:12:04.470 --> 00:12:07.409
do,<00:12:04.590><c> and</c><00:12:04.669><c> if</c><00:12:04.769><c> they</c><00:12:05.009><c> don't</c><00:12:05.230><c> do</c><00:12:05.370><c> it,</c><00:12:05.490><c> they'll</c><00:12:05.710><c> be</c><00:12:05.929><c> excommunicated,</c>

00:12:07.549 --> 00:12:10.570
and<00:12:08.129><c> their</c><00:12:08.529><c> lands</c><00:12:08.789><c> will</c><00:12:09.029><c> be</c><00:12:09.289><c> confiscated.</c>

00:12:11.149 --> 00:12:15.450
So<00:12:11.570><c> essentially,</c><00:12:12.269><c> the</c><00:12:12.330><c> pope</c><00:12:12.570><c> is</c><00:12:12.830><c> now</c><00:12:13.389><c> controlling</c><00:12:14.269><c> secular</c>

00:12:15.450 --> 00:12:19.070
affairs<00:12:16.110><c> with</c><00:12:16.570><c> these</c><00:12:16.870><c> kinds</c><00:12:17.149><c> of</c><00:12:17.570><c> decrees.</c>

00:12:22.990 --> 00:12:26.870
Well,<00:12:23.269><c> how</c><00:12:23.590><c> did</c><00:12:24.110><c> the</c><00:12:25.190><c> Little</c><00:12:25.490><c> Horn</c><00:12:25.730><c> War</c><00:12:26.049><c> with</c><00:12:26.409><c> and</c><00:12:26.669><c> prevail</c>

00:12:26.870 --> 00:12:28.269
against<00:12:27.230><c> the</c><00:12:28.049><c> saints?</c>

00:12:28.269 --> 00:12:31.990
This<00:12:28.529><c> is</c><00:12:29.450><c> one</c><00:12:29.789><c> example</c><00:12:30.429><c> by</c><00:12:30.649><c> these</c><00:12:30.990><c> kinds</c><00:12:31.269><c> of</c><00:12:31.529><c> decrees</c><00:12:31.850><c> that</c>

00:12:31.990 --> 00:12:32.480
were<00:12:32.149><c> made.</c>

00:12:32.909 --> 00:12:37.009
We<00:12:33.090><c> move</c><00:12:33.570><c> further</c><00:12:34.129><c> forward</c><00:12:34.529><c> now</c><00:12:34.870><c> in</c><00:12:35.190><c> time,</c><00:12:35.669><c> again,</c><00:12:36.110><c> during</c><00:12:36.409><c> the</c><00:12:36.610><c> period</c><00:12:36.769><c> of</c>

00:12:37.009 --> 00:12:38.370
the<00:12:37.269><c> Inquisition.</c>

00:12:38.409 --> 00:12:43.210
These<00:12:38.710><c> are</c><00:12:38.970><c> the</c><00:12:39.110><c> words</c><00:12:39.409><c> of</c><00:12:39.970><c> quote</c><00:12:40.110><c>-unquote</c><00:12:40.549><c> St.</c><00:12:41.129><c> Thomas</c><00:12:41.710><c> Aquinas,</c><00:12:43.210><c> a</c>

00:12:43.210 --> 00:12:47.730
very<00:12:43.750><c> well</c><00:12:44.070><c>-known</c><00:12:44.909><c> church</c><00:12:45.690><c> writer</c><00:12:46.129><c> from</c><00:12:46.490><c> this</c><00:12:46.730><c> period.</c>

00:12:47.750 --> 00:12:52.909
And<00:12:48.029><c> this</c><00:12:48.230><c> is</c><00:12:48.750><c> a</c><00:12:48.830><c> little</c><00:12:49.590><c> excerpt</c><00:12:50.190><c> from</c><00:12:51.129><c> a</c><00:12:51.370><c> writing</c><00:12:51.629><c> on</c><00:12:52.110><c> the</c><00:12:52.350><c> subject</c><00:12:52.669><c> of</c>

00:12:52.909 --> 00:12:54.870
whether<00:12:53.110><c> heretics</c><00:12:53.649><c> should</c><00:12:53.889><c> be</c><00:12:54.169><c> tolerated.</c>

00:12:54.870 --> 00:12:58.629
There<00:12:55.570><c> is</c><00:12:55.909><c> the</c><00:12:56.169><c> sin</c><00:12:56.409><c> whereby</c><00:12:56.789><c> they</c><00:12:57.169><c> deserve</c><00:12:57.570><c> not</c><00:12:57.909><c> only</c><00:12:58.149><c> to</c><00:12:58.350><c> be</c>

00:12:58.629 --> 00:13:01.450
separated<00:12:58.990><c> from</c><00:12:59.269><c> the</c><00:12:59.509><c> church</c><00:12:59.730><c> by</c><00:12:59.990><c> excommunication,</c>

00:13:02.009 --> 00:13:05.169
but<00:13:02.269><c> also</c><00:13:02.549><c> to</c><00:13:02.690><c> be</c><00:13:02.909><c> shut</c><00:13:03.149><c> off</c><00:13:03.370><c> from</c><00:13:03.570><c> the</c><00:13:03.769><c> world</c><00:13:03.970><c> by</c><00:13:04.289><c> death.</c>

00:13:05.250 --> 00:13:08.690
For<00:13:05.470><c> it</c><00:13:05.690><c> is</c><00:13:06.110><c> a</c><00:13:06.309><c> much</c><00:13:06.529><c> more</c><00:13:06.909><c> serious</c><00:13:07.230><c> matter</c><00:13:07.570><c> to</c><00:13:07.830><c> corrupt</c><00:13:08.149><c> faith</c>

00:13:08.690 --> 00:13:10.309
than<00:13:09.330><c> to</c><00:13:09.649><c> forge</c><00:13:09.889><c> money.</c>

00:13:10.570 --> 00:13:13.830
Hence,<00:13:11.129><c> if</c><00:13:11.330><c> forgers</c><00:13:11.710><c> of</c><00:13:11.950><c> money</c><00:13:12.250><c> are</c><00:13:12.710><c> straightway</c><00:13:13.190><c> justly</c><00:13:13.669><c> put</c>

00:13:13.830 --> 00:13:16.029
to<00:13:14.070><c> death</c><00:13:14.230><c> by</c><00:13:14.570><c> secular</c><00:13:14.909><c> princes,</c>

00:13:16.830 --> 00:13:20.870
with<00:13:17.429><c> much</c><00:13:17.769><c> more</c><00:13:18.070><c> justice</c><00:13:18.529><c> can</c><00:13:18.850><c> heretics</c><00:13:19.610><c> immediately</c><00:13:20.470><c> upon</c>

00:13:20.870 --> 00:13:24.669
conviction<00:13:21.549><c> be</c><00:13:22.029><c> not</c><00:13:22.250><c> only</c><00:13:22.570><c> excommunicated,</c><00:13:23.809><c> but</c><00:13:23.830><c> also</c><00:13:24.389><c> put</c>

00:13:24.669 --> 00:13:25.809
to<00:13:24.950><c> death.</c>

00:13:26.389 --> 00:13:33.009
So<00:13:26.809><c> the</c><00:13:27.529><c> church</c><00:13:27.929><c> now</c><00:13:28.350><c> is</c><00:13:28.750><c> taking</c><00:13:29.049><c> upon</c><00:13:29.730><c> itself</c><00:13:30.470><c> the</c><00:13:31.350><c> role</c><00:13:31.710><c> of</c><00:13:32.590><c> judgment.</c>

00:13:33.190 --> 00:13:34.990
Of<00:13:33.350><c> course,</c><00:13:33.490><c> this</c><00:13:33.690><c> is</c><00:13:33.909><c> something</c><00:13:34.110><c> that</c><00:13:34.330><c> should</c><00:13:34.450><c> be</c><00:13:34.710><c> reserved</c>

00:13:34.990 --> 00:13:37.370
for<00:13:35.230><c> the</c><00:13:35.450><c> judgment</c><00:13:35.789><c> seat</c><00:13:36.129><c> of</c><00:13:36.389><c> Christ.</c>

00:13:38.009 --> 00:13:40.029
And<00:13:38.250><c> yet</c><00:13:38.350><c> the</c><00:13:38.549><c> church</c><00:13:38.769><c> is</c><00:13:38.909><c> saying,</c><00:13:39.230><c> well,</c><00:13:39.409><c> let's</c><00:13:39.789><c> forget</c>

00:13:40.029 --> 00:13:40.730
about<00:13:40.289><c> that.</c>

00:13:41.049 --> 00:13:42.429
We<00:13:41.230><c> can</c><00:13:41.389><c> do</c><00:13:41.549><c> all</c><00:13:41.750><c> that</c><00:13:41.929><c> now.</c>

00:13:42.429 --> 00:13:47.789
Let's<00:13:43.129><c> cut</c><00:13:43.370><c> to</c><00:13:43.549><c> the</c><00:13:43.769><c> chase</c><00:13:44.210><c> and</c><00:13:44.970><c> we</c><00:13:45.190><c> will</c><00:13:46.269><c> bring</c><00:13:46.850><c> our</c><00:13:47.409><c> judgment</c>

00:13:47.789 --> 00:13:52.230
to<00:13:48.090><c> bear</c><00:13:48.289><c> upon</c><00:13:48.710><c> all</c><00:13:49.009><c> those</c><00:13:49.230><c> who</c><00:13:49.509><c> dare</c><00:13:49.769><c> ignore</c><00:13:50.789><c> our</c><00:13:51.210><c> decrees.</c>

00:13:52.309 --> 00:13:55.889
So<00:13:52.509><c> the</c><00:13:52.889><c> papacy</c><00:13:53.389><c> and</c><00:13:53.850><c> its</c><00:13:54.230><c> Inquisition</c><00:13:54.850><c> apparatus</c><00:13:55.429><c> is</c><00:13:55.730><c> now</c>

00:13:55.889 --> 00:13:56.789
the<00:13:56.169><c> judgment</c><00:13:56.570><c> seat.</c>

00:13:56.850 --> 00:14:01.190
And<00:13:57.090><c> it's</c><00:13:57.350><c> going</c><00:13:57.490><c> to</c><00:13:57.870><c> determine</c><00:13:58.230><c> who</c><00:13:59.289><c> will</c><00:13:59.570><c> live</c><00:13:59.889><c> and</c><00:14:00.629><c> who</c><00:14:00.809><c> will</c><00:14:01.049><c> be</c>

00:14:01.190 --> 00:14:02.590
put<00:14:01.429><c> to</c><00:14:01.690><c> death.</c>

00:14:03.470 --> 00:14:09.629
Further<00:14:03.870><c> quotes</c><00:14:04.269><c> from</c><00:14:04.529><c> the</c><00:14:04.750><c> period</c><00:14:05.009><c> of</c><00:14:05.330><c> the</c><00:14:05.610><c> Inquisition,</c><00:14:06.129><c> the</c><00:14:06.370><c> first</c><00:14:06.610><c> one</c><00:14:06.929><c> from</c><00:14:07.669><c> the</c><00:14:08.269><c> Inquisitor</c><00:14:08.750><c> in</c><00:14:09.129><c> France.</c>

00:14:09.629 --> 00:14:17.009
And<00:14:10.649><c> this</c><00:14:11.870><c> one</c><00:14:12.169><c> reads</c><00:14:12.450><c> as</c><00:14:12.750><c> follows,</c><00:14:14.429><c> bit</c><00:14:14.549><c> by</c><00:14:14.929><c> bit,</c><00:14:16.049><c> the</c><00:14:16.070><c> heretics</c><00:14:16.649><c> tear</c>

00:14:17.009 --> 00:14:20.490
to<00:14:17.309><c> pieces</c><00:14:17.590><c> and</c><00:14:17.909><c> abuse</c><00:14:18.210><c> all</c><00:14:18.490><c> the</c><00:14:18.809><c> sacraments</c><00:14:19.210><c> of</c><00:14:19.409><c> the</c><00:14:19.610><c> church,</c>

00:14:20.649 --> 00:14:25.610
especially<00:14:21.190><c> that</c><00:14:21.649><c> of</c><00:14:21.950><c> the</c><00:14:22.129><c> Eucharist,</c><00:14:22.830><c> saying,</c><00:14:23.490><c> and</c><00:14:23.710><c> note</c><00:14:23.850><c> this,</c><00:14:24.809><c> that</c><00:14:24.929><c> the</c><00:14:25.049><c> body</c><00:14:25.389><c> of</c>

00:14:25.610 --> 00:14:26.870
Christ<00:14:25.950><c> is</c><00:14:26.210><c> not</c><00:14:26.570><c> there.</c>

00:14:26.970 --> 00:14:33.129
For<00:14:27.149><c> if</c><00:14:27.450><c> it</c><00:14:27.690><c> were</c><00:14:27.950><c> as</c><00:14:28.289><c> large</c><00:14:28.529><c> as</c><00:14:28.789><c> a</c><00:14:28.990><c> great</c><00:14:29.210><c> mountain,</c><00:14:30.210><c> Christians</c><00:14:30.669><c> would</c><00:14:30.970><c> already</c><00:14:31.429><c> have</c><00:14:31.710><c> eaten</c><00:14:31.950><c> it</c><00:14:32.190><c> all.</c>

00:14:34.149 --> 00:14:36.850
And<00:14:34.710><c> the</c><00:14:34.990><c> next</c><00:14:35.210><c> point,</c><00:14:35.450><c> again,</c><00:14:35.730><c> they</c><00:14:35.990><c> say</c><00:14:36.129><c> that</c><00:14:36.350><c> confession</c>

00:14:36.850 --> 00:14:41.049
made<00:14:37.110><c> to</c><00:14:37.409><c> priests</c><00:14:37.590><c> of</c><00:14:37.750><c> the</c><00:14:37.909><c> Roman</c><00:14:38.149><c> church</c><00:14:38.529><c> is</c><00:14:39.409><c> valueless.</c>

00:14:41.169 --> 00:14:43.809
Again,<00:14:41.570><c> they</c><00:14:41.870><c> say</c><00:14:42.029><c> that</c><00:14:42.230><c> the</c><00:14:42.429><c> cross</c><00:14:42.610><c> of</c><00:14:42.870><c> Christ</c><00:14:43.129><c> should</c><00:14:43.470><c> not</c>

00:14:43.809 --> 00:14:45.629
be<00:14:44.090><c> adored</c><00:14:44.590><c> or</c><00:14:45.149><c> reverenced</c>

00:14:45.629 --> 00:14:48.750
because<00:14:46.309><c> no</c><00:14:46.730><c> one</c><00:14:46.929><c> adores</c><00:14:47.269><c> the</c><00:14:47.549><c> gibbet</c><00:14:47.809><c> on</c><00:14:48.049><c> which</c><00:14:48.250><c> his</c><00:14:48.450><c> father</c>

00:14:48.750 --> 00:14:52.009
or<00:14:49.090><c> relative</c><00:14:49.549><c> or</c><00:14:49.929><c> friend</c><00:14:50.309><c> was</c><00:14:51.009><c> hanged.</c>

00:14:52.009 --> 00:14:55.669
And<00:14:52.389><c> I</c><00:14:52.809><c> pick</c><00:14:53.029><c> these</c><00:14:53.289><c> three</c><00:14:53.610><c> because</c><00:14:54.289><c> these</c><00:14:54.750><c> three</c><00:14:55.110><c> criticisms</c>

00:14:55.669 --> 00:14:58.330
of<00:14:56.250><c> heretics,</c><00:14:56.850><c> so</c><00:14:57.009><c>-called</c><00:14:57.190><c> heretics,</c>

00:14:58.389 --> 00:15:03.509
could<00:14:58.610><c> as</c><00:14:59.110><c> easily</c><00:14:59.509><c> be</c><00:14:59.850><c> leveled</c><00:15:00.309><c> against</c><00:15:00.809><c> Christadelphians,</c><00:15:02.549><c> right?</c>

00:15:03.730 --> 00:15:07.289
We<00:15:04.250><c> would</c><00:15:04.429><c> be</c><00:15:04.710><c> guilty</c><00:15:04.990><c> on</c><00:15:05.269><c> all</c><00:15:05.649><c> three</c><00:15:05.850><c> of</c><00:15:05.990><c> these</c><00:15:06.210><c> counts.</c>

00:15:07.529 --> 00:15:10.870
And<00:15:07.830><c> we</c><00:15:08.009><c> would</c><00:15:08.149><c> have</c><00:15:08.309><c> to</c><00:15:08.529><c> suffer</c><00:15:08.730><c> the</c><00:15:09.090><c> consequences</c><00:15:09.769><c> as</c><00:15:10.590><c> we</c>

00:15:10.870 --> 00:15:12.090
stood<00:15:11.070><c> before</c><00:15:11.450><c> the</c><00:15:11.690><c> Inquisitor</c>

00:15:12.090 --> 00:15:15.009
because<00:15:12.429><c> we</c><00:15:12.710><c> would</c><00:15:12.970><c> say</c><00:15:13.269><c> amen</c><00:15:13.669><c> to</c><00:15:13.950><c> all</c><00:15:14.169><c> of</c><00:15:14.309><c> those</c><00:15:14.570><c> statements</c>

00:15:15.009 --> 00:15:18.570
that<00:15:15.610><c> were</c><00:15:15.830><c> made</c><00:15:16.090><c> by</c><00:15:16.429><c> the,</c><00:15:16.889><c> quote</c><00:15:17.029><c> unquote,</c><00:15:17.649><c> heretics.</c>

00:15:19.129 --> 00:15:22.629
So<00:15:19.730><c> this</c><00:15:19.950><c> is</c><00:15:20.210><c> something</c><00:15:21.250><c> that</c><00:15:21.509><c> sort</c><00:15:21.710><c> of</c><00:15:21.809><c> hits</c><00:15:22.009><c> home</c><00:15:22.289><c> when</c><00:15:22.450><c> we</c>

00:15:22.629 --> 00:15:25.269
try<00:15:22.809><c> and</c><00:15:22.909><c> put</c><00:15:23.070><c> ourselves</c><00:15:23.629><c> in</c><00:15:24.509><c> the</c><00:15:24.909><c> shoes</c>

00:15:25.269 --> 00:15:28.490
of<00:15:25.549><c> those</c><00:15:25.889><c> who</c><00:15:26.070><c> were</c><00:15:26.470><c> subject</c><00:15:26.889><c> to</c><00:15:27.070><c> this</c><00:15:27.289><c> kind</c><00:15:27.429><c> of</c><00:15:27.649><c> treatment.</c>

00:15:28.970 --> 00:15:34.289
So<00:15:29.129><c> these</c><00:15:29.429><c> kinds</c><00:15:29.669><c> of</c><00:15:29.909><c> references</c><00:15:30.230><c> are</c><00:15:30.909><c> evidence</c><00:15:31.230><c> that</c><00:15:32.090><c> God</c><00:15:32.470><c> has</c><00:15:32.809><c> always</c><00:15:33.330><c> preserved</c><00:15:33.929><c> a</c>

00:15:34.289 --> 00:15:36.450
remnant<00:15:34.669><c> with</c><00:15:34.929><c> a</c><00:15:35.110><c> knowledge</c><00:15:35.389><c> of</c><00:15:35.570><c> the</c><00:15:35.769><c> truth.</c>

00:15:36.629 --> 00:15:42.789
This<00:15:36.870><c> shows</c><00:15:37.210><c> us</c><00:15:37.450><c> that</c><00:15:37.629><c> there</c><00:15:37.830><c> were</c><00:15:38.009><c> people</c><00:15:38.870><c> living</c><00:15:39.190><c> during</c><00:15:39.529><c> this</c><00:15:39.769><c> period</c><00:15:40.070><c> who</c><00:15:40.470><c> believed</c><00:15:41.009><c> much</c><00:15:41.830><c> the</c><00:15:42.129><c> same</c><00:15:42.450><c> as</c>

00:15:42.789 --> 00:15:43.830
what<00:15:42.970><c> we</c><00:15:43.330><c> believe</c>

00:15:43.830 --> 00:15:47.490
because,<00:15:44.789><c> of</c><00:15:44.909><c> course,</c><00:15:45.090><c> they</c><00:15:45.289><c> read</c><00:15:45.669><c> the</c><00:15:45.909><c> Bible</c><00:15:46.129><c> and</c><00:15:46.389><c> they</c><00:15:47.230><c> were</c>

00:15:47.490 --> 00:15:52.049
not<00:15:47.809><c> persuaded</c><00:15:48.350><c> by</c><00:15:48.750><c> the</c><00:15:49.169><c> false</c><00:15:49.389><c> teaching</c><00:15:50.009><c> of</c><00:15:50.889><c> the</c><00:15:51.269><c> Catholics.</c>

00:15:54.049 --> 00:15:54.990
More<00:15:54.610><c> quotes.</c>

00:15:55.049 --> 00:16:02.470
The<00:15:55.309><c> first</c><00:15:55.529><c> quote</c><00:15:55.830><c> is</c><00:15:56.149><c> from</c><00:15:56.470><c> the</c><00:15:57.090><c> Inquisition</c><00:15:57.590><c> in</c><00:15:57.870><c> France,</c><00:15:58.210><c> the</c><00:15:58.529><c> second</c><00:15:58.970><c> from</c><00:15:59.690><c> the</c><00:16:01.230><c> activity</c><00:16:01.649><c> in</c><00:16:02.110><c> Spain.</c>

00:16:02.809 --> 00:16:05.730
And<00:16:02.909><c> this</c><00:16:03.110><c> is</c><00:16:03.769><c> an</c><00:16:04.049><c> example,</c><00:16:04.730><c> or</c><00:16:04.889><c> these</c><00:16:05.090><c> are</c><00:16:05.330><c> examples</c><00:16:05.590><c> that</c>

00:16:05.730 --> 00:16:06.730
are<00:16:05.950><c> typical,</c><00:16:06.269><c> really,</c>

00:16:06.730 --> 00:16:11.889
of<00:16:06.809><c> the</c><00:16:07.269><c> Catholic</c><00:16:07.769><c> Church's</c><00:16:08.529><c> attitude</c><00:16:08.889><c> towards</c><00:16:10.230><c> the</c><00:16:10.789><c> layman's</c><00:16:11.350><c> use</c><00:16:11.570><c> of</c>

00:16:11.889 --> 00:16:13.929
the<00:16:12.090><c> Scriptures</c><00:16:12.429><c> during</c><00:16:12.789><c> this</c><00:16:13.009><c> period.</c>

00:16:14.309 --> 00:16:18.590
This,<00:16:15.070><c> of</c><00:16:15.409><c> course,</c><00:16:15.789><c> is</c><00:16:16.009><c> a</c><00:16:16.330><c> strategy</c><00:16:16.769><c> that's</c><00:16:17.210><c> aimed</c><00:16:17.450><c> at</c><00:16:17.750><c> maintaining</c><00:16:18.289><c> the</c>

00:16:18.590 --> 00:16:24.409
Church's<00:16:19.230><c> monopoly</c><00:16:19.769><c> over</c><00:16:20.690><c> religious</c><00:16:21.289><c> ideas,</c><00:16:22.570><c> beliefs,</c><00:16:23.129><c> and</c><00:16:23.429><c> practice.</c>

00:16:24.529 --> 00:16:27.970
So<00:16:25.029><c> from</c><00:16:25.629><c> France,</c><00:16:26.409><c> the</c><00:16:26.629><c> Inquisitor</c><00:16:27.070><c> writes,</c>

00:16:42.809 --> 00:16:46.789
But<00:16:43.370><c> we</c><00:16:43.929><c> most</c><00:16:44.269><c> strictly</c><00:16:44.710><c> forbid</c><00:16:45.129><c> they're</c><00:16:45.350><c> having</c><00:16:45.590><c> any</c><00:16:46.090><c> translation</c><00:16:46.610><c> of</c>

00:16:46.789 --> 00:16:47.950
these<00:16:47.029><c> books.</c>

00:16:48.210 --> 00:16:50.909
So<00:16:48.350><c> this</c><00:16:48.610><c> is</c><00:16:49.210><c> really</c><00:16:49.509><c> tight</c><00:16:49.809><c> control.</c>

00:16:51.309 --> 00:16:54.549
And<00:16:51.330><c> the</c><00:16:52.269><c> only</c><00:16:52.549><c> people</c><00:16:52.970><c> that</c><00:16:53.210><c> could</c><00:16:53.370><c> even</c><00:16:53.629><c> have</c><00:16:53.809><c> a</c><00:16:54.149><c> shred</c><00:16:54.330><c> of</c>

00:16:54.549 --> 00:16:57.529
the<00:16:54.750><c> Scriptures,</c><00:16:55.250><c> the</c><00:16:55.509><c> Psalter,</c><00:16:56.330><c> were</c><00:16:56.509><c> only</c><00:16:56.769><c> those</c><00:16:57.049><c> who</c><00:16:57.250><c> had</c>

00:16:57.529 --> 00:16:58.350
divine<00:16:58.029><c> office.</c>

00:16:58.409 --> 00:17:04.090
In<00:16:58.509><c> other</c><00:16:58.669><c> words,</c><00:16:58.850><c> those</c><00:16:59.110><c> who</c><00:16:59.389><c> were</c><00:17:00.470><c> part</c><00:17:00.710><c> of</c><00:17:01.129><c> the</c><00:17:01.529><c> priesthood,</c><00:17:02.090><c> not</c><00:17:02.429><c> actually</c><00:17:02.929><c> lay</c><00:17:03.169><c> persons.</c>

00:17:04.230 --> 00:17:05.210
From<00:17:04.750><c> Spain.</c>

00:17:05.470 --> 00:17:08.690
No<00:17:05.490><c> one</c><00:17:05.710><c> may</c><00:17:06.009><c> possess</c><00:17:06.390><c> the</c><00:17:06.690><c> books</c><00:17:06.869><c> of</c><00:17:07.049><c> the</c><00:17:07.190><c> Old</c><00:17:07.349><c> and</c><00:17:07.390><c> New</c><00:17:07.630><c> Testaments</c><00:17:08.170><c> in</c>

00:17:08.690 --> 00:17:10.410
the<00:17:08.930><c> Romance</c><00:17:09.410><c> language.</c>

00:17:10.829 --> 00:17:12.829
In<00:17:10.950><c> other</c><00:17:11.049><c> words,</c><00:17:11.450><c> anything</c><00:17:11.450><c> other</c><00:17:11.730><c> than</c><00:17:11.970><c> Latin.</c>

00:17:12.869 --> 00:17:15.410
And<00:17:13.029><c> if</c><00:17:13.190><c> anyone</c><00:17:13.490><c> possesses</c><00:17:14.089><c> them,</c><00:17:14.230><c> he</c><00:17:14.369><c> must</c><00:17:14.609><c> turn</c><00:17:14.910><c> them</c><00:17:15.089><c> over</c>

00:17:15.410 --> 00:17:19.589
to<00:17:15.569><c> the</c><00:17:15.710><c> local</c><00:17:15.990><c> bishop</c><00:17:16.349><c> within</c><00:17:16.650><c> eight</c><00:17:16.849><c> days</c><00:17:17.190><c> after</c><00:17:18.049><c> promulgation</c><00:17:18.750><c> of</c><00:17:18.950><c> this</c><00:17:19.190><c> decree</c>

00:17:19.589 --> 00:17:24.049
so<00:17:20.210><c> that</c><00:17:20.390><c> they</c><00:17:20.549><c> may</c><00:17:20.769><c> be</c><00:17:21.069><c> burned,</c><00:17:22.029><c> lest</c><00:17:22.349><c> be</c><00:17:22.789><c> he</c><00:17:23.049><c> a</c><00:17:23.349><c> cleric</c><00:17:23.670><c> or</c><00:17:23.910><c> a</c>

00:17:24.049 --> 00:17:27.650
layman,<00:17:24.690><c> he</c><00:17:24.869><c> be</c><00:17:25.009><c> suspected</c><00:17:25.609><c> until</c><00:17:26.029><c> he</c><00:17:26.250><c> is</c><00:17:26.529><c> cleared</c><00:17:26.710><c> of</c><00:17:26.950><c> all</c><00:17:27.170><c> suspicion.</c>

00:17:27.650 --> 00:17:32.170
So<00:17:28.450><c> this</c><00:17:28.690><c> is,</c><00:17:29.589><c> you</c><00:17:29.890><c> know,</c><00:17:30.289><c> it's</c><00:17:30.730><c> essential</c><00:17:31.230><c> that</c><00:17:31.509><c> no</c><00:17:31.750><c> one</c><00:17:31.930><c> have</c>

00:17:32.170 --> 00:17:35.309
their<00:17:32.430><c> hands</c><00:17:32.730><c> on</c><00:17:33.089><c> God's</c><00:17:33.769><c> Word</c><00:17:33.930><c> is</c><00:17:34.130><c> really</c><00:17:34.410><c> what's</c><00:17:34.630><c> being</c><00:17:34.869><c> said</c><00:17:35.130><c> here.</c>

00:17:35.309 --> 00:17:37.849
And<00:17:35.430><c> if</c><00:17:35.569><c> you</c><00:17:35.750><c> do,</c><00:17:35.950><c> turn</c><00:17:36.150><c> it</c><00:17:36.369><c> over</c><00:17:36.589><c> so</c><00:17:36.789><c> that</c><00:17:36.910><c> we</c><00:17:37.009><c> can</c><00:17:37.210><c> burn</c><00:17:37.410><c> it</c>

00:17:37.849 --> 00:17:39.329
and<00:17:38.190><c> eliminate</c><00:17:38.589><c> it.</c>

00:17:39.569 --> 00:17:41.789
It's<00:17:39.990><c> really</c><00:17:40.250><c> quite</c><00:17:40.650><c> outrageous.</c>

00:17:42.329 --> 00:17:45.589
And<00:17:42.509><c> of</c><00:17:42.650><c> course,</c><00:17:42.950><c> it's</c><00:17:43.349><c> outrageous</c><00:17:43.730><c> because</c><00:17:44.130><c> we</c><00:17:44.569><c> read</c><00:17:44.750><c> our</c><00:17:44.990><c> Bibles</c><00:17:45.210><c> and</c><00:17:45.410><c> we</c>

00:17:45.589 --> 00:17:47.309
know<00:17:45.849><c> the</c><00:17:46.150><c> value</c><00:17:46.509><c> of</c><00:17:46.750><c> the</c><00:17:46.869><c> Word</c><00:17:46.990><c> of</c><00:17:47.170><c> God.</c>

00:17:47.369 --> 00:17:54.069
The<00:17:47.509><c> Word</c><00:17:47.630><c> of</c><00:17:47.730><c> God</c><00:17:47.930><c> itself</c><00:17:48.710><c> encourages</c><00:17:50.089><c> men,</c><00:17:51.069><c> women,</c><00:17:51.589><c> children</c><00:17:52.049><c> to</c><00:17:52.509><c> familiarize</c><00:17:53.309><c> themselves</c><00:17:53.809><c> with</c>

00:17:54.069 --> 00:17:56.049
God's<00:17:54.490><c> Word</c><00:17:54.730><c> every</c><00:17:55.150><c> day.</c>

00:17:57.950 --> 00:18:04.150
And<00:17:58.470><c> so</c><00:17:58.990><c> we</c><00:17:59.470><c> see</c><00:17:59.869><c> here</c><00:18:00.509><c> the</c><00:18:02.049><c> scriptures,</c><00:18:03.170><c> just</c><00:18:03.430><c> a</c><00:18:03.609><c> handful</c><00:18:03.869><c> of</c>

00:18:04.150 --> 00:18:06.430
scriptures<00:18:04.430><c> that</c><00:18:04.750><c> talk</c><00:18:04.930><c> about</c><00:18:05.130><c> the</c><00:18:05.390><c> value</c><00:18:05.650><c> of</c><00:18:05.849><c> God's</c><00:18:06.269><c> Word</c>

00:18:06.430 --> 00:18:09.789
and<00:18:06.549><c> why</c><00:18:06.789><c> we</c><00:18:07.009><c> should</c><00:18:07.309><c> apply</c><00:18:07.710><c> our</c><00:18:07.930><c> minds</c><00:18:08.150><c> to</c><00:18:08.390><c> it</c><00:18:08.970><c> as</c><00:18:09.269><c> often</c><00:18:09.589><c> as</c>

00:18:09.789 --> 00:18:10.849
we<00:18:10.009><c> possibly</c><00:18:10.410><c> can.</c>

00:18:11.190 --> 00:18:13.950
How<00:18:11.349><c> sweeter</c><00:18:11.750><c> thy</c><00:18:12.049><c> words</c><00:18:12.369><c> unto</c><00:18:12.589><c> my</c><00:18:12.930><c> taste,</c><00:18:13.309><c> says</c><00:18:13.410><c> the</c><00:18:13.650><c> psalmist.</c>

00:18:14.369 --> 00:18:16.710
Yea,<00:18:15.289><c> sweeter</c><00:18:15.509><c> than</c><00:18:15.789><c> honey</c><00:18:16.009><c> to</c><00:18:16.210><c> my</c><00:18:16.410><c> mouth.</c>

00:18:17.130 --> 00:18:20.069
Through<00:18:17.369><c> thy</c><00:18:17.670><c> precepts</c><00:18:18.250><c> I</c><00:18:18.390><c> get</c><00:18:18.589><c> understanding,</c><00:18:19.450><c> therefore</c><00:18:19.750><c> I</c>

00:18:20.069 --> 00:18:21.250
hate<00:18:20.250><c> every</c><00:18:20.589><c> false</c><00:18:20.950><c> way.</c>

00:18:21.650 --> 00:18:24.769
Thy<00:18:21.849><c> word</c><00:18:22.089><c> is</c><00:18:22.309><c> a</c><00:18:22.470><c> lamp</c><00:18:22.609><c> unto</c><00:18:22.849><c> my</c><00:18:23.170><c> feet</c><00:18:23.369><c> and</c><00:18:23.549><c> a</c><00:18:23.710><c> light</c><00:18:23.829><c> unto</c><00:18:24.069><c> my</c><00:18:24.369><c> path.</c>

00:18:24.769 --> 00:18:29.490
And<00:18:25.369><c> in</c><00:18:25.549><c> Romans</c><00:18:25.769><c> the</c><00:18:26.009><c> apostle</c><00:18:26.369><c> writes,</c><00:18:26.750><c> So</c><00:18:26.890><c> then</c><00:18:27.150><c> faith</c><00:18:27.450><c> cometh</c><00:18:27.710><c> by</c><00:18:28.029><c> hearing</c><00:18:28.390><c> and</c><00:18:29.049><c> hearing</c><00:18:29.250><c> by</c>

00:18:29.490 --> 00:18:30.910
the<00:18:29.650><c> Word</c><00:18:29.750><c> of</c><00:18:29.970><c> God.</c>

00:18:31.190 --> 00:18:33.369
And<00:18:31.369><c> Paul</c><00:18:31.549><c> to</c><00:18:31.710><c> Timothy,</c><00:18:32.190><c> and</c><00:18:32.269><c> that</c><00:18:32.430><c> from</c><00:18:32.589><c> a</c><00:18:32.829><c> child</c><00:18:33.049><c> you</c><00:18:33.190><c> have</c>

00:18:33.369 --> 00:18:34.410
known<00:18:33.509><c> the</c><00:18:33.690><c> holy</c><00:18:33.910><c> scriptures,</c>

00:18:34.509 --> 00:18:37.990
which<00:18:34.710><c> are</c><00:18:35.269><c> able</c><00:18:35.569><c> to</c><00:18:35.789><c> make</c><00:18:35.930><c> you</c><00:18:36.210><c> wise</c><00:18:36.470><c> unto</c><00:18:36.750><c> salvation</c><00:18:37.309><c> through</c><00:18:37.630><c> faith,</c>

00:18:38.450 --> 00:18:39.690
which<00:18:38.630><c> is</c><00:18:38.829><c> in</c><00:18:39.049><c> Christ</c><00:18:39.309><c> Jesus.</c>

00:18:40.089 --> 00:18:43.410
All<00:18:40.470><c> scripture</c><00:18:40.930><c> is</c><00:18:41.230><c> given</c><00:18:41.430><c> by</c><00:18:41.829><c> inspiration</c><00:18:42.390><c> of</c><00:18:42.609><c> God</c><00:18:42.890><c> and</c><00:18:43.049><c> is</c>

00:18:43.410 --> 00:18:46.269
profitable<00:18:43.970><c> for</c><00:18:44.609><c> doctrine,</c><00:18:45.210><c> for</c><00:18:45.430><c> reproof,</c>

00:18:46.809 --> 00:18:50.069
for<00:18:47.109><c> correction,</c><00:18:47.730><c> for</c><00:18:48.049><c> instruction</c><00:18:48.509><c> in</c><00:18:48.750><c> righteousness,</c><00:18:49.630><c> that</c><00:18:49.849><c> the</c>

00:18:50.069 --> 00:18:51.670
man<00:18:50.250><c> of</c><00:18:50.470><c> God</c><00:18:50.670><c> may</c><00:18:50.869><c> be</c><00:18:51.170><c> perfect,</c>

00:18:51.670 --> 00:18:54.490
truly<00:18:52.470><c> furnished</c><00:18:53.009><c> unto</c><00:18:53.369><c> all</c><00:18:53.769><c> good</c><00:18:54.069><c> works.</c>

00:18:54.809 --> 00:19:00.630
So<00:18:55.029><c> the</c><00:18:55.210><c> scriptures</c><00:18:55.569><c> are</c><00:18:56.369><c> really</c><00:18:56.769><c> replete</c><00:18:57.329><c> with</c><00:18:57.670><c> encouragement</c><00:18:58.349><c> to</c><00:18:59.549><c> the</c><00:18:59.890><c> reader</c><00:19:00.170><c> as</c>

00:19:00.630 --> 00:19:03.410
to<00:19:01.069><c> the</c><00:19:01.369><c> importance</c><00:19:01.650><c> of</c><00:19:01.910><c> reading</c><00:19:02.170><c> the</c><00:19:02.430><c> scriptures.</c>

00:19:04.089 --> 00:19:07.849
And<00:19:04.450><c> so</c><00:19:04.869><c> how</c><00:19:05.450><c> completely</c><00:19:06.009><c> foreign</c><00:19:06.430><c> and</c><00:19:06.809><c> unscriptural</c><00:19:07.490><c> these</c>

00:19:07.849 --> 00:19:11.349
papal<00:19:09.049><c> policies</c><00:19:09.529><c> were</c><00:19:09.849><c> during</c><00:19:10.230><c> this</c><00:19:10.549><c> period,</c>

00:19:11.509 --> 00:19:15.650
the<00:19:11.750><c> period</c><00:19:12.049><c> of</c><00:19:12.369><c> the</c><00:19:12.910><c> dark</c><00:19:13.230><c> ages,</c><00:19:14.109><c> all</c><00:19:14.450><c> designed</c><00:19:14.970><c> to</c><00:19:15.230><c> maintain</c>

00:19:15.650 --> 00:19:20.630
the<00:19:15.910><c> church's</c><00:19:16.390><c> monopoly</c><00:19:17.009><c> for</c><00:19:18.089><c> its</c><00:19:18.349><c> own</c><00:19:18.690><c> enrichment</c><00:19:19.230><c> and</c><00:19:19.730><c> profit.</c>

00:19:21.430 --> 00:19:24.390
Well,<00:19:22.029><c> we're</c><00:19:22.210><c> going</c><00:19:22.309><c> to</c><00:19:22.470><c> shift</c><00:19:22.849><c> gears</c><00:19:23.309><c> now</c><00:19:23.730><c> and</c><00:19:23.930><c> have</c><00:19:24.109><c> a</c><00:19:24.250><c> look</c>

00:19:24.390 --> 00:19:28.690
at<00:19:24.569><c> the</c><00:19:25.130><c> early</c><00:19:25.589><c> protesters,</c><00:19:26.569><c> the</c><00:19:26.750><c> heretics,</c><00:19:27.410><c> the</c><00:19:27.670><c> dissenters</c>

00:19:28.690 --> 00:19:30.269
that<00:19:29.089><c> existed</c><00:19:29.529><c> during</c><00:19:29.849><c> this</c><00:19:30.069><c> period.</c>

00:19:30.309 --> 00:19:34.730
This<00:19:30.470><c> is</c><00:19:30.589><c> just</c><00:19:30.829><c> really</c><00:19:31.130><c> just</c><00:19:32.210><c> a</c><00:19:32.410><c> handful</c><00:19:32.710><c> of</c><00:19:33.049><c> examples</c><00:19:33.589><c> of</c><00:19:34.369><c> the</c>

00:19:34.730 --> 00:19:36.930
existence<00:19:35.109><c> of</c><00:19:35.410><c> these</c><00:19:35.710><c> kinds</c><00:19:35.970><c> of</c><00:19:36.589><c> groups.</c>

00:19:37.289 --> 00:19:44.869
Since<00:19:37.789><c> the</c><00:19:38.029><c> time</c><00:19:38.230><c> of</c><00:19:38.710><c> Constantine,</c><00:19:41.609><c> the</c><00:19:41.769><c> Donatus</c><00:19:42.269><c> were</c><00:19:42.690><c> in</c><00:19:42.990><c> and</c><00:19:43.170><c> around</c><00:19:43.349><c> the</c><00:19:43.549><c> time</c><00:19:43.750><c> of</c><00:19:44.250><c> Constantine.</c>

00:19:44.869 --> 00:19:48.869
The<00:19:45.789><c> others</c><00:19:46.089><c> that</c><00:19:46.329><c> we've</c><00:19:46.589><c> listed</c><00:19:46.829><c> here,</c><00:19:47.789><c> the</c><00:19:48.009><c> Albigenses</c><00:19:48.609><c> and</c>

00:19:48.869 --> 00:19:52.329
the<00:19:49.029><c> Waldenses,</c><00:19:50.069><c> lived</c><00:19:50.089><c> during</c><00:19:50.890><c> the</c><00:19:51.049><c> period</c><00:19:51.210><c> of</c><00:19:51.450><c> the</c><00:19:51.849><c> Inquisition,</c>

00:19:52.450 --> 00:19:55.630
so<00:19:52.609><c> some</c><00:19:52.829><c> time</c><00:19:52.990><c> after</c><00:19:54.069><c> the</c><00:19:54.369><c> time</c><00:19:54.609><c> of</c><00:19:55.089><c> Constantine.</c>

00:19:55.809 --> 00:19:59.170
And<00:19:56.069><c> the</c><00:19:56.509><c> description</c><00:19:56.869><c> under</c><00:19:57.529><c> each</c><00:19:57.750><c> of</c><00:19:57.890><c> the</c><00:19:57.970><c> headings</c><00:19:58.170><c> just</c><00:19:58.390><c> gives</c><00:19:58.509><c> you</c><00:19:58.910><c> a</c>

00:19:59.170 --> 00:20:02.230
sense<00:19:59.450><c> as</c><00:19:59.730><c> to</c><00:20:00.470><c> the</c><00:20:00.730><c> kinds</c><00:20:00.990><c> of</c><00:20:01.230><c> beliefs</c><00:20:01.509><c> that</c><00:20:01.769><c> they</c><00:20:01.930><c> had</c><00:20:02.130><c> and</c>

00:20:02.230 --> 00:20:04.029
where<00:20:02.430><c> they</c><00:20:02.630><c> were</c><00:20:03.029><c> located.</c>

00:20:05.390 --> 00:20:07.450
And<00:20:05.670><c> it's</c><00:20:05.829><c> important</c><00:20:06.109><c> to</c><00:20:06.309><c> note</c><00:20:06.450><c> that</c><00:20:06.690><c> the</c><00:20:06.869><c> groups</c><00:20:07.009><c> we're</c><00:20:07.190><c> going</c><00:20:07.329><c> to</c>

00:20:07.450 --> 00:20:10.450
be<00:20:07.609><c> looking</c><00:20:07.829><c> at</c><00:20:08.170><c> are</c><00:20:08.670><c> not</c><00:20:08.950><c> necessarily</c><00:20:09.589><c> groups</c><00:20:09.970><c> that</c><00:20:10.230><c> hold</c>

00:20:10.450 --> 00:20:11.130
the<00:20:10.750><c> truth.</c>

00:20:11.130 --> 00:20:15.930
You<00:20:12.190><c> know,</c><00:20:12.670><c> at</c><00:20:12.730><c> the</c><00:20:12.829><c> very</c><00:20:13.049><c> least,</c><00:20:13.430><c> some</c><00:20:13.529><c> of</c><00:20:13.609><c> them</c><00:20:13.730><c> held</c><00:20:14.069><c> kernels</c><00:20:14.670><c> of</c><00:20:14.849><c> the</c><00:20:15.069><c> truth.</c>

00:20:16.549 --> 00:20:19.630
Some<00:20:16.829><c> were,</c><00:20:17.769><c> you</c><00:20:17.950><c> know,</c><00:20:18.210><c> we'd</c><00:20:18.589><c> say</c><00:20:18.710><c> they</c><00:20:18.829><c> didn't</c><00:20:18.990><c> have</c><00:20:19.250><c> any</c><00:20:19.490><c> of</c>

00:20:19.630 --> 00:20:19.990
the<00:20:19.789><c> truth.</c>

00:20:20.069 --> 00:20:22.710
Some<00:20:20.289><c> were</c><00:20:20.490><c> just</c><00:20:20.789><c> simply</c><00:20:21.130><c> militant</c><00:20:21.769><c> groups.</c>

00:20:22.829 --> 00:20:27.750
They<00:20:22.890><c> actually</c><00:20:23.549><c> used</c><00:20:24.130><c> the</c><00:20:24.430><c> sword</c><00:20:24.670><c> to</c><00:20:25.029><c> try</c><00:20:25.369><c> and</c><00:20:26.549><c> protest</c><00:20:27.009><c> against</c><00:20:27.470><c> the</c>

00:20:27.750 --> 00:20:29.690
papal<00:20:28.150><c> tyranny</c><00:20:28.490><c> of</c><00:20:28.670><c> the</c><00:20:28.869><c> time.</c>

00:20:30.369 --> 00:20:33.670
Some<00:20:30.750><c> were</c><00:20:31.190><c> unwilling</c><00:20:31.569><c> to</c><00:20:31.809><c> use</c><00:20:32.009><c> the</c><00:20:32.269><c> sword,</c><00:20:32.470><c> so</c><00:20:32.609><c> they'd</c><00:20:32.769><c> be</c><00:20:32.930><c> closer</c><00:20:33.230><c> to</c>

00:20:33.670 --> 00:20:38.049
sort<00:20:33.869><c> of</c><00:20:34.009><c> our</c><00:20:34.190><c> view</c><00:20:34.329><c> in</c><00:20:34.490><c> terms</c><00:20:34.789><c> of</c><00:20:36.450><c> not</c><00:20:36.809><c> being</c><00:20:37.109><c> involved</c><00:20:37.529><c> in</c>

00:20:38.049 --> 00:20:39.410
physical<00:20:38.650><c> conflict.</c>

00:20:39.410 --> 00:20:43.549
So<00:20:40.089><c> it's</c><00:20:40.309><c> sort</c><00:20:40.509><c> of</c><00:20:40.630><c> a</c><00:20:40.750><c> mishmash</c><00:20:41.170><c> of</c><00:20:41.390><c> different</c><00:20:41.650><c> kinds</c><00:20:41.950><c> of</c><00:20:42.109><c> groups,</c><00:20:43.329><c> not</c>

00:20:43.549 --> 00:20:44.529
all<00:20:43.809><c> holding</c><00:20:44.089><c> the</c><00:20:44.349><c> truth.</c>

00:20:44.730 --> 00:20:46.609
And<00:20:44.730><c> that's,</c><00:20:45.470><c> you</c><00:20:45.630><c> know,</c><00:20:45.769><c> the</c><00:20:45.930><c> point</c><00:20:46.049><c> I</c><00:20:46.210><c> want</c><00:20:46.289><c> to</c><00:20:46.430><c> make.</c>

00:20:46.650 --> 00:20:48.410
I'm<00:20:46.809><c> not</c><00:20:47.069><c> suggesting</c><00:20:47.470><c> that</c><00:20:47.670><c> they</c><00:20:47.829><c> held</c><00:20:47.990><c> the</c><00:20:48.230><c> truth.</c>

00:20:48.509 --> 00:20:53.170
It's<00:20:48.650><c> just</c><00:20:48.769><c> that</c><00:20:48.890><c> they</c><00:20:49.029><c> were</c><00:20:49.289><c> protesting</c><00:20:49.769><c> against</c><00:20:50.950><c> the</c><00:20:52.390><c> papal</c><00:20:52.809><c> system.</c>

00:20:53.230 --> 00:20:56.309
So<00:20:53.369><c> the</c><00:20:53.569><c> first</c><00:20:53.769><c> group</c><00:20:53.970><c> we're</c><00:20:54.150><c> going</c><00:20:54.309><c> to</c><00:20:54.529><c> look</c><00:20:54.710><c> at</c><00:20:54.910><c> is</c><00:20:55.130><c> the</c><00:20:55.329><c> Waldenses.</c>

00:20:56.369 --> 00:20:58.910
They<00:20:56.609><c> originated</c><00:20:57.069><c> in</c><00:20:57.569><c> France</c><00:20:58.009><c> in</c><00:20:58.250><c> the</c><00:20:58.390><c> period</c><00:20:58.589><c> that</c><00:20:58.730><c> we're</c>

00:20:58.910 --> 00:21:01.009
talking<00:20:59.250><c> about,</c><00:20:59.609><c> the</c><00:20:59.809><c> 12th</c><00:21:00.210><c> century.</c>

00:21:01.029 --> 00:21:03.470
They<00:21:01.390><c> spread</c><00:21:01.589><c> to</c><00:21:01.910><c> Austria,</c><00:21:02.569><c> Germany,</c><00:21:03.089><c> and</c><00:21:03.289><c> Italy.</c>

00:21:03.569 --> 00:21:06.049
A<00:21:03.630><c> lot</c><00:21:03.809><c> of</c><00:21:04.029><c> the</c><00:21:04.069><c> time</c><00:21:04.190><c> the</c><00:21:04.529><c> spread</c><00:21:04.690><c> had</c><00:21:04.890><c> to</c><00:21:05.049><c> do</c><00:21:05.130><c> with</c><00:21:05.289><c> persecution,</c>

00:21:06.049 --> 00:21:09.150
much<00:21:06.930><c> like</c><00:21:07.329><c> persecution</c><00:21:07.910><c> in</c><00:21:08.130><c> the</c><00:21:08.190><c> first</c><00:21:08.369><c> century</c><00:21:08.769><c> that</c><00:21:09.029><c> sort</c>

00:21:09.150 --> 00:21:12.009
of<00:21:09.349><c> pushed</c><00:21:09.470><c> believers</c><00:21:09.930><c> out</c><00:21:10.809><c> of</c><00:21:11.210><c> Judea.</c>

00:21:12.369 --> 00:21:14.190
So<00:21:12.549><c> there</c><00:21:12.650><c> was</c><00:21:12.829><c> a</c><00:21:13.009><c> benefit</c><00:21:13.250><c> there.</c>

00:21:14.210 --> 00:21:15.869
They<00:21:14.369><c> were</c><00:21:14.569><c> associated</c><00:21:14.950><c> with</c><00:21:15.230><c> Peter</c><00:21:15.589><c> Waldo.</c>

00:21:15.930 --> 00:21:17.170
That's<00:21:16.130><c> where</c><00:21:16.269><c> they</c><00:21:16.430><c> got</c><00:21:16.549><c> their</c><00:21:16.730><c> name</c><00:21:16.890><c> from.</c>

00:21:17.230 --> 00:21:19.269
He<00:21:17.390><c> was</c><00:21:17.670><c> an</c><00:21:17.849><c> itinerant</c><00:21:18.369><c> preacher.</c>

00:21:19.869 --> 00:21:22.930
His<00:21:20.230><c> teaching</c><00:21:20.609><c> focused</c><00:21:20.990><c> on</c><00:21:21.369><c> daily</c><00:21:21.769><c> conduct,</c><00:21:22.430><c> the</c><00:21:22.670><c> authority</c>

00:21:22.930 --> 00:21:24.869
of<00:21:23.089><c> the</c><00:21:23.309><c> scriptures</c><00:21:23.690><c> and</c><00:21:24.009><c> preaching.</c>

00:21:25.309 --> 00:21:29.289
He<00:21:25.710><c> translated</c><00:21:26.089><c> parts</c><00:21:26.410><c> of</c><00:21:26.589><c> the</c><00:21:26.789><c> scripture</c><00:21:27.130><c> into</c><00:21:27.490><c> the</c><00:21:27.789><c> common</c><00:21:28.049><c> vernacular.</c>

00:21:29.490 --> 00:21:34.890
In<00:21:29.869><c> 1545,</c><00:21:31.630><c> 22</c><00:21:32.130><c> villages</c><00:21:32.789><c> inhabited</c><00:21:33.470><c> by</c><00:21:33.849><c> French</c><00:21:34.269><c> Waldenses</c>

00:21:34.890 --> 00:21:36.730
were<00:21:35.329><c> pillaged</c><00:21:35.730><c> and</c><00:21:36.009><c> burnt</c>

00:21:36.650 --> 00:21:40.150
by<00:21:37.029><c> order</c><00:21:37.450><c> of</c><00:21:37.769><c> the</c><00:21:38.009><c> Parliament</c><00:21:38.349><c> of</c><00:21:38.589><c> Provence.</c>

00:21:41.069 --> 00:21:44.470
So<00:21:41.369><c> it's</c><00:21:41.569><c> interesting</c><00:21:41.990><c> that</c><00:21:42.410><c> he</c><00:21:42.910><c> produced</c><00:21:43.430><c> banned</c><00:21:43.930><c> versions</c>

00:21:44.470 --> 00:21:46.789
of<00:21:44.970><c> the</c><00:21:45.109><c> Bible</c><00:21:45.349><c> for</c><00:21:45.750><c> teaching</c><00:21:46.130><c> and</c><00:21:46.490><c> preaching.</c>

00:21:46.990 --> 00:21:52.009
There<00:21:47.150><c> were</c><00:21:47.329><c> groups</c><00:21:47.869><c> who</c><00:21:48.549><c> had</c><00:21:48.789><c> God's</c><00:21:49.309><c> Word</c><00:21:49.569><c> out</c><00:21:50.430><c> in</c><00:21:50.670><c> the</c><00:21:50.849><c> woods,</c><00:21:51.630><c> places</c><00:21:51.630><c> like</c>

00:21:52.009 --> 00:21:54.410
this,<00:21:53.009><c> teaching,</c><00:21:53.529><c> learning,</c>

00:21:54.829 --> 00:21:57.609
learning<00:21:55.130><c> the</c><00:21:55.410><c> truth,</c><00:21:55.650><c> or</c><00:21:55.809><c> at</c><00:21:55.849><c> least</c><00:21:56.049><c> parts</c><00:21:56.329><c> of</c><00:21:56.549><c> the</c><00:21:56.670><c> truth.</c>

00:21:57.910 --> 00:22:02.509
Again,<00:21:58.589><c> looking</c><00:21:58.910><c> at</c><00:21:59.109><c> the</c><00:21:59.269><c> Waldenses,</c><00:22:01.049><c> the</c><00:22:01.309><c> quote</c><00:22:01.549><c> here</c><00:22:02.049><c> from</c>

00:22:02.509 --> 00:22:04.569
the<00:22:03.329><c> writer</c><00:22:03.589><c> Schaff</c><00:22:04.130><c> says,</c>

00:22:04.690 --> 00:22:07.210
the<00:22:04.710><c> Waldenses,</c><00:22:05.369><c> leaning</c><00:22:05.670><c> upon</c><00:22:05.990><c> the</c><00:22:06.269><c> scriptures,</c>

00:22:07.509 --> 00:22:11.990
sought<00:22:07.710><c> to</c><00:22:08.089><c> revive</c><00:22:08.369><c> the</c><00:22:08.730><c> simple</c><00:22:09.089><c> precepts</c><00:22:09.869><c> of</c><00:22:10.190><c> the</c><00:22:10.470><c> Aposolic</c><00:22:11.009><c> Age.</c>

00:22:12.430 --> 00:22:15.609
They<00:22:12.690><c> were</c><00:22:12.930><c> the</c><00:22:13.289><c> strictly</c><00:22:13.670><c> biblical</c><00:22:14.210><c> sect</c><00:22:14.609><c> of</c><00:22:14.890><c> the</c><00:22:15.029><c> Middle</c><00:22:15.250><c> Ages.</c>

00:22:16.029 --> 00:22:19.930
They<00:22:16.369><c> present</c><00:22:16.730><c> a</c><00:22:17.069><c> rare</c><00:22:17.369><c> spectacle</c><00:22:17.890><c> of</c><00:22:18.170><c> the</c><00:22:18.509><c> survival</c><00:22:18.789><c> of</c><00:22:19.029><c> a</c><00:22:19.170><c> body</c><00:22:19.430><c> of</c><00:22:19.630><c> believers</c>

00:22:19.930 --> 00:22:22.529
which<00:22:20.250><c> has</c><00:22:20.509><c> come</c><00:22:20.710><c> up</c><00:22:21.230><c> out</c><00:22:21.390><c> of</c><00:22:21.589><c> great</c><00:22:21.789><c> tribulation.</c>

00:22:22.529 --> 00:22:25.490
They<00:22:23.109><c> were</c><00:22:23.349><c> charged</c><00:22:23.769><c> with</c><00:22:24.089><c> pronouncing</c><00:22:24.609><c> the</c><00:22:24.789><c> Roman</c><00:22:25.089><c> Church</c>

00:22:25.490 --> 00:22:26.990
as<00:22:25.769><c> the</c><00:22:26.029><c> Babylonian</c><00:22:26.589><c> harlot</c>

00:22:26.990 --> 00:22:28.890
and<00:22:27.289><c> calling</c><00:22:27.509><c> it</c><00:22:27.809><c> a</c><00:22:28.009><c> house</c><00:22:28.210><c> of</c><00:22:28.490><c> lies.</c>

00:22:29.250 --> 00:22:32.529
So<00:22:29.430><c> we</c><00:22:29.549><c> can,</c><00:22:29.769><c> I</c><00:22:29.910><c> think,</c><00:22:30.250><c> really</c><00:22:30.509><c> identify</c><00:22:31.109><c> with</c><00:22:31.309><c> this</c><00:22:32.089><c> group,</c>

00:22:32.589 --> 00:22:39.190
with<00:22:32.849><c> their</c><00:22:33.589><c> reliance</c><00:22:34.230><c> on</c><00:22:35.529><c> God's</c><00:22:36.869><c> Word</c><00:22:37.250><c> and</c><00:22:38.230><c> their</c><00:22:38.690><c> approach,</c>

00:22:39.369 --> 00:22:40.849
their<00:22:39.670><c> convictions.</c>

00:22:41.650 --> 00:22:44.630
And<00:22:42.230><c> the</c><00:22:42.589><c> difference</c><00:22:42.970><c> between</c><00:22:43.329><c> us</c><00:22:43.569><c> and</c><00:22:43.750><c> them,</c><00:22:43.869><c> of</c><00:22:44.089><c> course,</c><00:22:44.369><c> is</c>

00:22:44.630 --> 00:22:47.029
that<00:22:44.849><c> they</c><00:22:45.210><c> were</c><00:22:45.690><c> subject</c><00:22:46.210><c> to</c>

00:22:47.049 --> 00:22:51.630
the<00:22:47.309><c> little</c><00:22:47.549><c> horn</c><00:22:48.049><c> downtreading,</c><00:22:49.690><c> warring</c><00:22:50.250><c> against</c><00:22:51.109><c> them.</c>

00:22:51.630 --> 00:22:54.130
And<00:22:51.630><c> we</c><00:22:51.970><c> don't</c><00:22:52.190><c> have</c><00:22:52.450><c> that</c><00:22:52.730><c> issue</c><00:22:52.950><c> today</c><00:22:53.289><c> because</c><00:22:53.690><c> there</c><00:22:53.869><c> was</c>

00:22:54.130 --> 00:22:55.289
a<00:22:54.309><c> finite</c><00:22:54.589><c> period</c><00:22:54.930><c> of</c><00:22:55.150><c> time</c>

00:22:55.289 --> 00:22:57.109
where<00:22:55.509><c> God</c><00:22:55.769><c> allowed</c><00:22:56.210><c> that</c><00:22:56.490><c> to</c><00:22:56.710><c> happen.</c>

00:22:57.589 --> 00:23:01.150
And<00:22:57.829><c> we're</c><00:22:58.069><c> subject</c><00:22:58.470><c> to</c><00:22:58.730><c> different</c><00:22:58.950><c> issues,</c><00:22:59.390><c> but</c><00:22:59.630><c> not</c><00:22:59.849><c> this</c><00:23:00.109><c> one.</c>

00:23:02.349 --> 00:23:07.710
John<00:23:02.650><c> Wycliffe,</c><00:23:03.390><c> who</c><00:23:03.390><c> lived</c><00:23:03.809><c> a</c><00:23:04.250><c> little</c><00:23:04.390><c> bit</c><00:23:04.569><c> later,</c><00:23:06.390><c> he</c><00:23:06.829><c> was</c><00:23:07.410><c> a</c>

00:23:07.710 --> 00:23:09.009
theological<00:23:08.329><c> academic.</c>

00:23:09.109 --> 00:23:13.170
He<00:23:09.250><c> was</c><00:23:09.589><c> politically</c><00:23:10.069><c> active,</c><00:23:10.549><c> so</c><00:23:10.930><c> here's</c><00:23:11.349><c> maybe</c><00:23:11.569><c> a</c><00:23:11.670><c> little</c><00:23:11.849><c> bit</c><00:23:11.970><c> of</c><00:23:12.130><c> a</c><00:23:12.250><c> difference.</c>

00:23:13.569 --> 00:23:16.190
He<00:23:14.009><c> translated</c><00:23:14.509><c> the</c><00:23:14.650><c> Bible</c><00:23:14.890><c> into</c><00:23:15.230><c> English</c><00:23:15.549><c> from</c><00:23:15.789><c> the</c><00:23:15.990><c> Latin.</c>

00:23:16.349 --> 00:23:19.829
He<00:23:16.650><c> protested</c><00:23:17.250><c> against</c><00:23:17.549><c> the</c><00:23:17.789><c> Catholic</c><00:23:18.109><c> Church</c><00:23:18.470><c> and</c><00:23:18.670><c> the</c><00:23:18.829><c> papacy.</c>

00:23:19.910 --> 00:23:24.490
He<00:23:20.430><c> took</c><00:23:20.730><c> issue</c><00:23:21.109><c> with</c><00:23:21.410><c> the</c><00:23:21.609><c> idea</c><00:23:22.029><c> of</c><00:23:22.930><c> the</c><00:23:23.269><c> transubstantiation,</c>

00:23:24.710 --> 00:23:27.210
which<00:23:24.710><c> is</c><00:23:25.029><c> again</c><00:23:25.269><c> harking</c><00:23:25.569><c> back</c><00:23:25.789><c> to</c><00:23:25.950><c> the</c><00:23:26.089><c> issue</c><00:23:26.230><c> we</c><00:23:26.410><c> talked</c><00:23:26.630><c> about</c><00:23:26.849><c> just</c><00:23:27.069><c> a</c>

00:23:27.210 --> 00:23:27.829
moment<00:23:27.369><c> ago</c>

00:23:27.829 --> 00:23:30.170
where<00:23:28.349><c> the</c><00:23:28.690><c> Catholics</c><00:23:28.910><c> believed</c><00:23:29.329><c> that</c><00:23:29.529><c> the</c><00:23:29.730><c> bread</c><00:23:29.869><c> and</c><00:23:29.970><c> the</c>

00:23:30.170 --> 00:23:32.309
wine<00:23:30.329><c> literally</c><00:23:31.289><c> turned</c><00:23:31.809><c> into</c>

00:23:32.309 --> 00:23:35.349
the<00:23:32.650><c> body</c><00:23:33.009><c> and</c><00:23:33.250><c> the</c><00:23:33.410><c> blood</c><00:23:33.569><c> of</c><00:23:33.769><c> Christ</c><00:23:34.269><c> during</c><00:23:34.849><c> the</c><00:23:35.109><c> Mass.</c>

00:23:35.390 --> 00:23:37.450
So<00:23:35.589><c> he</c><00:23:35.710><c> took</c><00:23:35.930><c> issue</c><00:23:36.190><c> with</c><00:23:36.430><c> that.</c>

00:23:38.009 --> 00:23:42.390
He<00:23:38.170><c> took</c><00:23:38.390><c> issue</c><00:23:38.769><c> with</c><00:23:39.150><c> the</c><00:23:40.609><c> veneration</c><00:23:41.109><c> of</c><00:23:41.450><c> relics</c>

00:23:42.390 --> 00:23:46.269
and<00:23:42.829><c> with</c><00:23:43.089><c> the</c><00:23:43.349><c> teachings</c><00:23:43.910><c> about</c><00:23:44.609><c> celibacy</c><00:23:45.190><c> of</c><00:23:45.369><c> the</c><00:23:45.589><c> priesthood.</c>

00:23:46.269 --> 00:23:49.730
He<00:23:47.529><c> was</c><00:23:47.970><c> condemned</c><00:23:48.589><c> posthumously.</c>

00:23:49.829 --> 00:23:53.970
In<00:23:50.009><c> other</c><00:23:50.190><c> words,</c><00:23:50.569><c> after</c><00:23:50.710><c> his</c><00:23:51.049><c> death,</c><00:23:52.289><c> his</c><00:23:52.450><c> remains</c><00:23:52.930><c> were</c><00:23:53.289><c> exhumed,</c>

00:23:54.170 --> 00:23:57.609
they<00:23:54.269><c> were</c><00:23:54.589><c> burned,</c><00:23:55.130><c> and</c><00:23:55.210><c> they</c><00:23:55.329><c> were</c><00:23:55.609><c> thrown</c><00:23:55.849><c> into</c><00:23:56.150><c> the</c><00:23:56.349><c> River</c><00:23:56.670><c> Swift.</c>

00:23:59.190 --> 00:24:01.289
And<00:23:59.390><c> Wycliffe</c><00:23:59.910><c> apparently</c><00:24:00.490><c> sought</c><00:24:00.809><c> reform.</c>

00:24:01.369 --> 00:24:03.509
He<00:24:01.470><c> didn't</c><00:24:01.750><c> seek</c><00:24:02.170><c> an</c><00:24:02.490><c> entire</c><00:24:02.869><c> revolution.</c>

00:24:03.650 --> 00:24:07.930
He<00:24:03.809><c> was</c><00:24:04.069><c> trying</c><00:24:04.289><c> to</c><00:24:04.609><c> tweak</c><00:24:04.869><c> the</c><00:24:05.789><c> machinery</c><00:24:06.269><c> of</c><00:24:07.049><c> religion.</c>

00:24:08.769 --> 00:24:12.170
He<00:24:08.910><c> was</c><00:24:09.609><c> condemned</c><00:24:10.029><c> after</c><00:24:10.390><c> his</c><00:24:10.670><c> death,</c><00:24:10.849><c> as</c><00:24:11.069><c> I</c><00:24:11.250><c> mentioned.</c>

00:24:12.490 --> 00:24:15.930
He<00:24:12.849><c> was</c><00:24:13.190><c> condemned</c><00:24:13.609><c> at</c><00:24:13.890><c> the</c><00:24:14.130><c> Council</c><00:24:14.490><c> of</c><00:24:14.809><c> Constance</c><00:24:15.349><c> by</c><00:24:15.609><c> the</c>

00:24:15.930 --> 00:24:17.910
Archbishop<00:24:16.670><c> of</c><00:24:17.250><c> Canterbury.</c>

00:24:18.349 --> 00:24:22.630
Here's<00:24:18.750><c> the</c><00:24:18.970><c> words</c><00:24:19.210><c> of</c><00:24:19.609><c> the</c><00:24:19.789><c> Archbishop</c><00:24:20.609><c> when</c><00:24:20.809><c> he</c><00:24:20.970><c> was</c><00:24:21.230><c> condemning</c><00:24:21.690><c> John</c><00:24:22.069><c> Wycliffe,</c>

00:24:22.730 --> 00:24:25.690
the<00:24:22.809><c> man</c><00:24:23.049><c> who</c><00:24:24.250><c> translated</c><00:24:24.690><c> the</c><00:24:24.849><c> Bible</c><00:24:25.109><c> into</c><00:24:25.349><c> English</c>

00:24:25.690 --> 00:24:28.250
so<00:24:25.970><c> that</c><00:24:26.130><c> people</c><00:24:26.430><c> could</c><00:24:26.849><c> actually</c><00:24:27.210><c> understand</c><00:24:27.690><c> it.</c>

00:24:28.750 --> 00:24:33.250
That<00:24:29.109><c> pestilent</c><00:24:30.029><c> wretch</c><00:24:30.430><c> of</c><00:24:31.009><c> damnable</c><00:24:31.509><c> heresy</c><00:24:32.390><c> who</c><00:24:32.809><c> invented</c>

00:24:33.250 --> 00:24:34.450
a<00:24:33.549><c> new</c><00:24:33.809><c> translation</c>

00:24:34.450 --> 00:24:36.950
of<00:24:34.670><c> the</c><00:24:34.910><c> Scriptures</c><00:24:35.329><c> in</c><00:24:35.630><c> his</c><00:24:35.849><c> own</c><00:24:36.210><c> mother</c><00:24:36.549><c> tongue.</c>

00:24:37.450 --> 00:24:40.490
That's<00:24:37.730><c> how</c><00:24:37.869><c> he's</c><00:24:38.170><c> characterized</c><00:24:38.710><c> by</c><00:24:39.049><c> the</c><00:24:39.789><c> Archbishop.</c>

00:24:40.490 --> 00:24:44.029
And<00:24:41.190><c> we</c><00:24:41.410><c> think</c><00:24:41.609><c> to</c><00:24:41.750><c> ourselves,</c><00:24:42.150><c> wow,</c><00:24:42.369><c> what</c><00:24:42.529><c> a</c><00:24:42.769><c> crime</c><00:24:43.089><c> that</c>

00:24:44.029 --> 00:24:46.049
John<00:24:44.349><c> Wycliffe</c><00:24:45.109><c> committed</c>

00:24:46.150 --> 00:24:50.950
to<00:24:46.750><c> be</c><00:24:47.190><c> the</c><00:24:48.369><c> recipient</c><00:24:48.829><c> of</c><00:24:49.029><c> those</c><00:24:49.289><c> kinds</c><00:24:49.609><c> of</c><00:24:49.869><c> words.</c>

00:24:52.190 --> 00:24:56.049
Okay,<00:24:52.529><c> Martin</c><00:24:52.710><c> Luther,</c><00:24:53.269><c> very</c><00:24:53.950><c> popular,</c><00:24:54.630><c> well</c><00:24:54.890><c>-known</c><00:24:55.089><c> name.</c>

00:24:56.410 --> 00:24:57.670
Just<00:24:56.609><c> a</c><00:24:56.730><c> bit</c><00:24:56.809><c> of</c><00:24:56.990><c> background</c><00:24:57.349><c> here.</c>

00:24:57.769 --> 00:25:03.210
The<00:24:57.990><c> papacy,</c><00:24:58.369><c> of</c><00:24:58.549><c> course,</c><00:24:59.150><c> was</c><00:24:59.509><c> at</c><00:24:59.710><c> its</c><00:24:59.869><c> most</c><00:25:00.250><c> corrupt</c><00:25:00.670><c> and</c><00:25:01.349><c> powerful</c><00:25:02.430><c> form</c><00:25:02.990><c> at</c>

00:25:03.210 --> 00:25:04.289
this<00:25:03.470><c> stage.</c>

00:25:04.329 --> 00:25:08.190
There<00:25:04.390><c> were</c><00:25:04.650><c> actually</c><00:25:05.109><c> Turkish</c><00:25:06.369><c> invasions</c><00:25:07.210><c> in</c><00:25:07.450><c> the</c><00:25:07.690><c> East</c>

00:25:08.190 --> 00:25:12.170
that<00:25:09.130><c> led</c><00:25:09.470><c> to</c><00:25:10.009><c> a</c><00:25:10.109><c> lot</c><00:25:10.329><c> of</c><00:25:10.569><c> Greek</c><00:25:10.829><c> and</c><00:25:11.130><c> Hebrew</c><00:25:11.470><c> manuscripts</c>

00:25:12.170 --> 00:25:15.009
that<00:25:12.410><c> were</c><00:25:12.809><c> stored</c><00:25:13.109><c> in</c><00:25:13.410><c> the</c><00:25:13.690><c> libraries</c><00:25:14.109><c> in</c><00:25:14.490><c> the</c><00:25:14.710><c> East</c>

00:25:15.009 --> 00:25:18.609
that<00:25:15.650><c> are</c><00:25:15.829><c> now</c><00:25:16.049><c> being</c><00:25:16.309><c> moved</c><00:25:16.670><c> out</c><00:25:16.950><c> of</c><00:25:17.109><c> the</c><00:25:17.329><c> East</c><00:25:17.569><c> and</c><00:25:17.789><c> into</c><00:25:18.029><c> the</c><00:25:18.269><c> West</c>

00:25:18.609 --> 00:25:22.410
to<00:25:18.869><c> get</c><00:25:19.170><c> away</c><00:25:19.529><c> from</c><00:25:20.430><c> the</c><00:25:20.710><c> Turkish</c><00:25:21.089><c> invasion</c><00:25:21.609><c> so</c><00:25:21.910><c> that</c><00:25:22.069><c> those</c>

00:25:22.410 --> 00:25:24.509
manuscripts<00:25:22.869><c> will</c><00:25:23.109><c> not</c><00:25:23.250><c> be</c><00:25:23.450><c> destroyed.</c>

00:25:24.910 --> 00:25:27.710
And<00:25:25.089><c> the</c><00:25:25.329><c> effect</c><00:25:25.569><c> of</c><00:25:25.789><c> that</c><00:25:25.990><c> migration</c><00:25:26.549><c> of</c><00:25:26.730><c> those</c><00:25:27.109><c> manuscripts</c>

00:25:27.710 --> 00:25:29.089
into<00:25:28.549><c> the</c><00:25:28.829><c> West</c>

00:25:29.089 --> 00:25:32.410
was<00:25:29.289><c> it</c><00:25:29.589><c> provided</c><00:25:29.869><c> a</c><00:25:30.130><c> greater</c><00:25:30.309><c> opportunity</c><00:25:30.910><c> for</c><00:25:31.250><c> learning</c><00:25:31.609><c> in</c>

00:25:32.410 --> 00:25:34.369
the<00:25:32.670><c> Greek</c><00:25:32.950><c> and</c><00:25:33.230><c> Hebrew</c><00:25:33.710><c> language.</c>

00:25:34.369 --> 00:25:40.670
And<00:25:34.910><c> this</c><00:25:35.170><c> then</c><00:25:35.490><c> sets</c><00:25:35.789><c> the</c><00:25:36.109><c> stage</c><00:25:36.450><c> for</c><00:25:37.569><c> greater</c><00:25:38.410><c> understanding</c><00:25:39.410><c> of</c><00:25:39.930><c> those</c><00:25:40.210><c> languages</c>

00:25:40.670 --> 00:25:43.089
and,<00:25:40.950><c> obviously,</c><00:25:41.670><c> therefore</c><00:25:41.990><c> a</c><00:25:42.250><c> greater</c><00:25:42.410><c> understanding</c><00:25:42.910><c> of</c>

00:25:43.089 --> 00:25:44.309
God's<00:25:43.490><c> Word.</c>

00:25:44.730 --> 00:25:48.210
And<00:25:44.950><c> so</c><00:25:45.130><c> people</c><00:25:45.369><c> are</c><00:25:45.630><c> not</c><00:25:46.309><c> solely</c><00:25:46.710><c> relying</c><00:25:47.130><c> now</c><00:25:47.470><c> on</c><00:25:47.750><c> the</c><00:25:47.890><c> Latin</c>

00:25:48.210 --> 00:25:49.690
version<00:25:48.589><c> of</c><00:25:48.769><c> the</c><00:25:48.890><c> Bible.</c>

00:25:51.089 --> 00:25:55.130
Luther<00:25:51.509><c> sought</c><00:25:51.970><c> significant</c><00:25:52.869><c> reforms,</c><00:25:54.130><c> but</c><00:25:54.410><c> he</c><00:25:54.569><c> was</c><00:25:54.789><c> still</c>

00:25:55.130 --> 00:25:57.690
very<00:25:55.549><c> much</c><00:25:55.990><c> orthodox</c><00:25:56.710><c> in</c><00:25:57.069><c> his</c><00:25:57.369><c> views.</c>

00:25:57.730 --> 00:26:02.230
So<00:25:58.009><c> he's</c><00:25:58.210><c> not</c><00:25:58.549><c> as</c><00:25:58.930><c> radical</c><00:25:59.349><c> as,</c><00:26:00.589><c> for</c><00:26:00.950><c> example,</c><00:26:01.549><c> the</c><00:26:01.809><c> Waldenses.</c>

00:26:02.230 --> 00:26:06.470
He's<00:26:02.710><c> still</c><00:26:03.069><c> very</c><00:26:03.450><c> much</c><00:26:04.029><c> in</c><00:26:05.170><c> the</c><00:26:05.390><c> Catholic</c><00:26:05.750><c> realm</c><00:26:06.069><c> in</c><00:26:06.210><c> terms</c>

00:26:06.470 --> 00:26:07.009
of<00:26:06.630><c> his</c><00:26:06.849><c> thinking.</c>

00:26:07.150 --> 00:26:09.990
He<00:26:07.170><c> just</c><00:26:07.430><c> took</c><00:26:07.630><c> issues</c><00:26:08.329><c> with</c><00:26:09.390><c> certain</c><00:26:09.690><c> things.</c>

00:26:10.029 --> 00:26:13.650
For<00:26:10.230><c> example,</c><00:26:10.549><c> he</c><00:26:10.750><c> opposed</c><00:26:11.089><c> the</c><00:26:11.509><c> sale</c><00:26:11.849><c> of</c><00:26:12.230><c> indulgences.</c>

00:26:14.049 --> 00:26:17.890
So<00:26:14.470><c> it's</c><00:26:14.910><c> okay</c><00:26:15.150><c> that</c><00:26:15.390><c> the</c><00:26:15.710><c> church</c><00:26:16.130><c> is</c><00:26:16.869><c> designated</c><00:26:17.309><c> to</c><00:26:17.650><c> forgive.</c>

00:26:18.009 --> 00:26:20.630
It's<00:26:18.109><c> just</c><00:26:18.450><c> not</c><00:26:18.650><c> okay</c><00:26:18.950><c> that</c><00:26:19.130><c> they</c><00:26:19.309><c> should</c><00:26:19.430><c> be</c><00:26:19.549><c> able</c><00:26:19.710><c> to</c><00:26:19.950><c> sell</c>

00:26:20.630 --> 00:26:22.890
the<00:26:21.470><c> forgiveness</c><00:26:21.890><c> to</c><00:26:22.170><c> people.</c>

00:26:23.130 --> 00:26:27.509
So<00:26:23.130><c> he</c><00:26:23.730><c> still</c><00:26:24.029><c> didn't</c><00:26:24.289><c> have</c><00:26:25.349><c> a</c><00:26:25.769><c> right</c><00:26:26.029><c> view</c><00:26:26.269><c> of</c><00:26:26.869><c> who</c><00:26:27.170><c> we</c><00:26:27.390><c> should</c>

00:26:27.509 --> 00:26:29.009
be<00:26:27.849><c> seeking</c><00:26:28.170><c> for</c><00:26:28.650><c> forgiveness.</c>

00:26:29.009 --> 00:26:32.990
He<00:26:29.410><c> thought</c><00:26:29.750><c> it</c><00:26:29.829><c> was</c><00:26:30.069><c> okay</c><00:26:30.289><c> that</c><00:26:30.490><c> the</c><00:26:30.690><c> church</c><00:26:30.890><c> was</c><00:26:31.930><c> the</c><00:26:32.109><c> one</c><00:26:32.309><c> authorized</c><00:26:32.809><c> to</c>

00:26:32.990 --> 00:26:34.089
do<00:26:33.190><c> that.</c>

00:26:34.390 --> 00:26:36.509
So<00:26:34.509><c> as</c><00:26:34.690><c> the</c><00:26:34.849><c> overhead</c><00:26:35.069><c> says</c><00:26:35.410><c> here,</c><00:26:35.569><c> he's</c><00:26:35.750><c> a</c><00:26:35.849><c> German</c><00:26:36.150><c> priest.</c>

00:26:36.670 --> 00:26:38.609
He's<00:26:36.869><c> outraged</c><00:26:37.269><c> by</c><00:26:37.490><c> corruption</c><00:26:37.970><c> in</c><00:26:38.150><c> the</c><00:26:38.349><c> church.</c>

00:26:38.890 --> 00:26:43.190
We've<00:26:39.170><c> seen</c><00:26:39.309><c> some</c><00:26:39.589><c> examples</c><00:26:40.029><c> of</c><00:26:40.329><c> how</c><00:26:41.049><c> bad</c><00:26:41.349><c> things</c><00:26:41.609><c> got</c><00:26:41.950><c> in</c><00:26:42.150><c> the</c><00:26:42.349><c> church.</c>

00:26:43.670 --> 00:26:48.369
He<00:26:44.069><c> wrote</c><00:26:44.509><c> 95</c><00:26:45.269><c> theses</c><00:26:45.849><c> against</c><00:26:46.210><c> the</c><00:26:46.470><c> sale</c><00:26:46.690><c> of</c><00:26:46.990><c> indulgences.</c>

00:26:48.750 --> 00:26:51.009
He<00:26:48.910><c> was</c><00:26:49.230><c> excommunicated</c><00:26:50.049><c> in</c><00:26:50.250><c> 1520.</c>

00:26:51.049 --> 00:26:52.670
His<00:26:51.289><c> writings</c><00:26:51.490><c> were</c><00:26:51.829><c> burned.</c>

00:26:52.869 --> 00:26:54.369
He<00:26:53.109><c> viewed</c><00:26:53.309><c> every</c><00:26:53.650><c> man</c><00:26:53.789><c> as</c><00:26:54.009><c> a</c><00:26:54.210><c> priest.</c>

00:26:54.509 --> 00:26:56.309
The<00:26:54.609><c> Roman</c><00:26:54.930><c> church</c><00:26:55.250><c> was</c><00:26:55.490><c> void</c><00:26:55.710><c> of</c><00:26:56.029><c> faith.</c>

00:26:56.309 --> 00:26:59.970
The<00:26:57.650><c> ceremony</c><00:26:57.930><c> was</c><00:26:58.269><c> a</c><00:26:58.410><c> means,</c><00:26:58.710><c> not</c><00:26:58.970><c> an</c><00:26:59.150><c> end.</c>

00:27:00.289 --> 00:27:03.289
He<00:27:00.490><c> was</c><00:27:00.730><c> supported</c><00:27:01.150><c> by</c><00:27:01.390><c> German</c><00:27:01.769><c> princes</c><00:27:02.269><c> and</c><00:27:02.690><c> commoners,</c>

00:27:03.690 --> 00:27:09.190
which<00:27:04.049><c> I</c><00:27:04.250><c> think</c><00:27:04.490><c> provided</c><00:27:04.829><c> him</c><00:27:05.150><c> with</c><00:27:05.950><c> some</c><00:27:06.390><c> favorable</c><00:27:07.029><c> circumstances</c><00:27:07.869><c> in</c><00:27:08.109><c> which</c><00:27:08.349><c> to</c>

00:27:09.190 --> 00:27:11.009
push<00:27:09.509><c> forward</c><00:27:09.829><c> his</c><00:27:10.130><c> views.</c>

00:27:11.130 --> 00:27:16.789
He<00:27:11.470><c> translated</c><00:27:11.869><c> the</c><00:27:12.170><c> Old</c><00:27:12.329><c> and</c><00:27:14.430><c> New</c><00:27:15.130><c> Testament</c><00:27:15.470><c> into</c><00:27:15.769><c> German.</c>

00:27:17.750 --> 00:27:21.150
And<00:27:18.170><c> he</c><00:27:18.450><c> accepted</c><00:27:18.869><c> things</c><00:27:19.269><c> that</c><00:27:19.470><c> were</c><00:27:19.710><c> not</c><00:27:20.089><c> contrary</c><00:27:20.529><c> to</c><00:27:20.789><c> Scripture.</c>

00:27:21.250 --> 00:27:24.089
So<00:27:21.450><c> that's</c><00:27:21.650><c> how</c><00:27:21.890><c> he</c><00:27:22.609><c> sort</c><00:27:22.829><c> of</c><00:27:23.069><c> filtered</c><00:27:23.390><c> ideas.</c>

00:27:24.089 --> 00:27:29.849
Anything<00:27:24.890><c> that</c><00:27:25.190><c> wasn't</c><00:27:27.349><c> contrary</c><00:27:28.009><c> to</c><00:27:28.230><c> Scripture</c><00:27:28.529><c> was</c><00:27:28.789><c> okay.</c>

00:27:30.329 --> 00:27:33.789
Zwingli,<00:27:31.650><c> another</c><00:27:31.970><c> name</c><00:27:32.269><c> from</c><00:27:32.529><c> around</c><00:27:32.769><c> this</c><00:27:33.069><c> period.</c>

00:27:34.690 --> 00:27:39.589
It's<00:27:35.329><c> important</c><00:27:35.710><c> to</c><00:27:35.869><c> note</c><00:27:36.029><c> in</c><00:27:36.190><c> and</c><00:27:36.349><c> around</c><00:27:36.490><c> this</c><00:27:36.730><c> time</c><00:27:36.910><c> in</c><00:27:37.410><c> 1456,</c>

00:27:40.450 --> 00:27:43.650
Gutenberg<00:27:40.910><c> and</c><00:27:41.190><c> Foust</c><00:27:41.450><c> invented</c><00:27:42.069><c> the</c><00:27:42.509><c> movable</c><00:27:42.930><c> tight</c><00:27:43.210><c> press.</c>

00:27:44.150 --> 00:27:47.589
There<00:27:44.210><c> was</c><00:27:44.450><c> mass</c><00:27:44.769><c> production</c><00:27:45.250><c> of</c><00:27:45.470><c> Latin</c><00:27:45.789><c> Bibles</c><00:27:46.170><c> during</c><00:27:46.450><c> this</c><00:27:46.670><c> period.</c>

00:27:47.829 --> 00:27:50.069
This<00:27:48.250><c> enabled</c><00:27:48.630><c> an</c><00:27:48.930><c> information</c><00:27:49.450><c> explosion.</c>

00:27:50.069 --> 00:27:54.049
We<00:27:50.529><c> can</c><00:27:50.730><c> relate</c><00:27:51.009><c> to</c><00:27:51.230><c> that</c><00:27:51.369><c> with</c><00:27:51.569><c> the</c><00:27:51.769><c> Internet</c><00:27:52.069><c> having</c><00:27:52.710><c> happened</c><00:27:53.250><c> in</c><00:27:53.410><c> our</c><00:27:53.690><c> lifetime.</c>

00:27:54.130 --> 00:27:57.589
It<00:27:54.309><c> just</c><00:27:54.549><c> suddenly</c><00:27:54.910><c> releases</c><00:27:55.690><c> all</c><00:27:56.609><c> kinds</c><00:27:56.869><c> of</c><00:27:57.150><c> information</c>

00:27:57.589 --> 00:27:59.609
out<00:27:57.789><c> into</c><00:27:58.089><c> the</c><00:27:58.950><c> public</c><00:27:59.289><c> realm.</c>

00:27:59.730 --> 00:28:02.569
And<00:27:59.809><c> the</c><00:27:59.970><c> same</c><00:28:00.190><c> thing</c><00:28:00.430><c> happened</c><00:28:00.930><c> when</c><00:28:01.589><c> the</c><00:28:01.769><c> Gutenberg</c><00:28:02.289><c> press</c>

00:28:02.569 --> 00:28:03.809
was<00:28:02.869><c> invented.</c>

00:28:04.789 --> 00:28:07.750
Zwingli,<00:28:05.230><c> like</c><00:28:05.470><c> Luther,</c><00:28:05.809><c> was</c><00:28:06.009><c> still</c><00:28:06.289><c> very</c><00:28:06.609><c> much</c><00:28:06.910><c> orthodox</c><00:28:07.490><c> at</c>

00:28:07.750 --> 00:28:08.970
his<00:28:08.029><c> core.</c>

00:28:09.150 --> 00:28:11.890
And<00:28:09.650><c> his</c><00:28:09.890><c> key</c><00:28:10.069><c> beliefs</c><00:28:10.470><c> were</c><00:28:10.789><c> not</c><00:28:11.049><c> a</c><00:28:11.170><c> whole</c><00:28:11.309><c> lot</c><00:28:11.470><c> different</c>

00:28:11.890 --> 00:28:14.190
from<00:28:12.490><c> what</c><00:28:12.910><c> the</c><00:28:13.150><c> church</c><00:28:13.349><c> had</c><00:28:13.509><c> been</c><00:28:13.789><c> teaching.</c>

00:28:14.190 --> 00:28:18.609
Apparently<00:28:15.089><c> he</c><00:28:15.309><c> was</c><00:28:15.589><c> as</c><00:28:15.930><c> brutal</c><00:28:16.289><c> as</c><00:28:17.309><c> the</c><00:28:17.670><c> Catholic</c><00:28:18.069><c> tyrants</c>

00:28:18.609 --> 00:28:21.690
were<00:28:19.210><c> in</c><00:28:19.490><c> his</c><00:28:19.829><c> treatment</c><00:28:20.150><c> of</c><00:28:20.549><c> dissenters.</c>

00:28:21.890 --> 00:28:26.569
So<00:28:22.150><c> he</c><00:28:22.289><c> was</c><00:28:22.509><c> very</c><00:28:22.809><c> much</c><00:28:23.150><c> involved</c><00:28:23.630><c> in</c><00:28:24.589><c> sort</c><00:28:24.829><c> of</c><00:28:25.049><c> physical</c><00:28:25.369><c> violence</c>

00:28:26.809 --> 00:28:30.750
and<00:28:27.490><c> crushing</c><00:28:27.910><c> anyone</c><00:28:28.569><c> who</c><00:28:28.890><c> had</c><00:28:29.289><c> alternate</c><00:28:29.750><c> views.</c>

00:28:31.529 --> 00:28:36.269
But<00:28:31.789><c> he</c><00:28:32.130><c> was</c><00:28:32.430><c> still,</c><00:28:32.690><c> he</c><00:28:32.849><c> was</c><00:28:33.170><c> protesting</c><00:28:33.650><c> against</c><00:28:34.450><c> the</c><00:28:34.829><c> papal</c><00:28:35.190><c> tyranny.</c>

00:28:36.930 --> 00:28:40.349
And<00:28:37.109><c> the</c><00:28:37.950><c> last</c><00:28:38.210><c> bullet</c><00:28:38.410><c> there</c><00:28:38.670><c> says</c><00:28:38.910><c> as</c><00:28:39.170><c> priest</c><00:28:39.410><c> of</c><00:28:39.630><c> Zurich,</c>

00:28:40.609 --> 00:28:43.230
he<00:28:40.910><c> brutally</c><00:28:41.289><c> condemned</c><00:28:41.769><c> and</c><00:28:42.029><c> killed</c><00:28:42.390><c> Anabaptists.</c>

00:28:43.230 --> 00:28:45.670
The<00:28:43.410><c> Anabaptists</c><00:28:43.950><c> were</c><00:28:44.150><c> those</c><00:28:44.430><c> who</c><00:28:44.869><c> re</c><00:28:45.130><c>-baptized.</c>

00:28:45.670 --> 00:28:47.730
They<00:28:45.769><c> didn't</c><00:28:45.950><c> believe</c><00:28:46.230><c> in</c><00:28:46.490><c> infant</c><00:28:46.769><c> baptism.</c>

00:28:47.809 --> 00:28:49.710
They<00:28:48.170><c> re</c><00:28:48.369><c>-baptized</c><00:28:48.890><c> people</c><00:28:49.190><c> as</c><00:28:49.470><c> adults.</c>

00:28:49.809 --> 00:28:51.750
So<00:28:50.269><c> again,</c><00:28:50.450><c> we</c><00:28:50.630><c> can</c><00:28:50.890><c> relate</c><00:28:51.190><c> to</c><00:28:51.390><c> that.</c>

00:28:51.990 --> 00:28:55.869
He<00:28:52.369><c> brutally</c><00:28:52.750><c> condemned</c><00:28:53.210><c> and</c><00:28:53.549><c> killed</c><00:28:54.130><c> those</c><00:28:54.630><c> kinds</c><00:28:54.890><c> of</c><00:28:55.089><c> people.</c>

00:28:56.829 --> 00:29:00.130
John<00:28:57.150><c> Calvin,</c><00:28:57.569><c> another</c><00:28:58.329><c> popular</c><00:28:59.170><c> name,</c>

00:29:00.849 --> 00:29:07.109
he<00:29:01.150><c> retained</c><00:29:01.589><c> key</c><00:29:02.069><c> Catholic</c><00:29:02.549><c> views</c><00:29:02.950><c> even</c><00:29:03.210><c> though</c><00:29:03.470><c> he</c><00:29:04.410><c> was</c><00:29:04.710><c> protesting</c><00:29:05.250><c> against</c><00:29:06.029><c> certain</c><00:29:06.430><c> aspects</c><00:29:06.890><c> of</c>

00:29:07.109 --> 00:29:07.589
the<00:29:07.289><c> church.</c>

00:29:07.589 --> 00:29:13.109
He<00:29:08.190><c> too</c><00:29:08.529><c> was</c><00:29:08.750><c> a</c><00:29:08.970><c> brutal</c><00:29:09.289><c> tyrant</c><00:29:09.769><c> when</c><00:29:09.930><c> he</c><00:29:10.049><c> was</c><00:29:10.210><c> dealing</c><00:29:10.549><c> with</c><00:29:11.289><c> nonconformists.</c>

00:29:13.509 --> 00:29:17.690
And<00:29:13.869><c> as</c><00:29:14.150><c> the</c><00:29:15.210><c> last</c><00:29:16.130><c> bullet</c><00:29:16.509><c> shows,</c>

00:29:18.109 --> 00:29:22.750
he<00:29:18.490><c> more</c><00:29:18.849><c> or</c><00:29:18.990><c> less</c><00:29:19.190><c> undertook</c><00:29:19.630><c> a</c><00:29:20.529><c> Protestant</c><00:29:21.109><c> inquisition</c>

00:29:22.750 --> 00:29:24.809
against<00:29:23.849><c> nonconformists.</c>

00:29:24.809 --> 00:29:29.329
And<00:29:24.970><c> he</c><00:29:25.210><c> burned</c><00:29:25.549><c> Michael</c><00:29:26.089><c> Severidis,</c><00:29:27.970><c> who</c><00:29:28.150><c> was</c><00:29:28.390><c> an</c><00:29:28.589><c> anti</c><00:29:28.809><c>-trinitarian.</c>

00:29:29.450 --> 00:29:33.190
You<00:29:29.609><c> can</c><00:29:29.789><c> read</c><00:29:29.950><c> about</c><00:29:30.150><c> him</c><00:29:30.430><c> in</c><00:29:30.890><c> one</c><00:29:31.069><c> of</c><00:29:31.349><c> Brother</c><00:29:31.609><c> Alan</c><00:29:31.930><c> Eyre's</c><00:29:32.250><c> books.</c>

00:29:33.490 --> 00:29:36.250
So<00:29:33.890><c> while</c><00:29:34.130><c> John</c><00:29:34.529><c> Calvin</c><00:29:34.809><c> was</c><00:29:35.130><c> protesting</c><00:29:35.589><c> against</c><00:29:35.849><c> the</c><00:29:36.069><c> church,</c>

00:29:36.250 --> 00:29:40.789
he<00:29:36.369><c> was</c><00:29:36.549><c> also</c><00:29:36.990><c> no</c><00:29:37.390><c> better</c><00:29:37.730><c> towards</c><00:29:38.369><c> those</c><00:29:38.829><c> who</c><00:29:39.109><c> had</c><00:29:39.990><c> at</c><00:29:40.450><c> least</c>

00:29:40.789 --> 00:29:41.890
kernels<00:29:41.289><c> of</c><00:29:41.450><c> the</c><00:29:41.670><c> truth</c>

00:29:41.890 --> 00:29:45.789
and<00:29:42.450><c> who</c><00:29:42.670><c> were</c><00:29:43.430><c> unwilling</c><00:29:43.809><c> to</c><00:29:44.109><c> conform</c><00:29:44.509><c> to</c><00:29:44.730><c> his</c><00:29:44.950><c> views.</c>

00:29:46.049 --> 00:29:48.410
Henry<00:29:46.309><c> VIII,</c><00:29:46.829><c> everybody</c><00:29:47.170><c> knows</c><00:29:47.490><c> about</c><00:29:47.730><c> Henry</c><00:29:48.049><c> VIII.</c>

00:29:48.529 --> 00:29:51.430
You<00:29:48.549><c> might</c><00:29:48.730><c> say,</c><00:29:49.069><c> well,</c><00:29:49.170><c> how</c><00:29:49.329><c> is</c><00:29:49.549><c> he</c><00:29:49.690><c> making</c><00:29:49.950><c> it</c><00:29:50.109><c> up</c><00:29:50.210><c> on</c><00:29:50.410><c> this</c><00:29:50.670><c> list?</c>

00:29:51.670 --> 00:29:55.750
In<00:29:51.930><c> a</c><00:29:52.069><c> sense,</c><00:29:52.309><c> he</c><00:29:52.509><c> was</c><00:29:52.769><c> a</c><00:29:53.089><c> protester</c><00:29:54.130><c> protesting</c><00:29:54.869><c> against</c><00:29:55.509><c> the</c>

00:29:55.750 --> 00:29:56.809
papacy<00:29:56.089><c> during</c><00:29:56.369><c> this</c><00:29:56.589><c> period.</c>

00:29:56.890 --> 00:29:59.109
He<00:29:56.890><c> was</c><00:29:57.450><c> obviously</c><00:29:57.849><c> King</c><00:29:58.049><c> of</c><00:29:58.250><c> England.</c>

00:29:59.450 --> 00:30:03.069
He<00:29:59.630><c> was</c><00:29:59.869><c> a</c><00:30:00.049><c> reformer</c><00:30:01.049><c> for</c><00:30:01.509><c> purely</c><00:30:01.950><c> selfish</c><00:30:02.589><c> reasons.</c>

00:30:03.069 --> 00:30:05.890
Of<00:30:03.069><c> course,</c><00:30:03.349><c> he</c><00:30:03.390><c> split</c><00:30:03.630><c> with</c><00:30:03.930><c> Rome</c><00:30:04.170><c> to</c><00:30:04.450><c> gain</c><00:30:05.130><c> an</c><00:30:05.509><c> annulment</c>

00:30:05.890 --> 00:30:06.930
for<00:30:06.190><c> his</c><00:30:06.470><c> marriage</c>

00:30:06.930 --> 00:30:09.730
and<00:30:07.309><c> to</c><00:30:07.589><c> seize</c><00:30:07.809><c> Catholic</c><00:30:08.289><c> wealth</c><00:30:08.650><c> in</c><00:30:08.869><c> England.</c>

00:30:10.089 --> 00:30:14.910
He<00:30:10.450><c> more</c><00:30:10.730><c> or</c><00:30:10.849><c> less</c><00:30:10.990><c> maintained</c><00:30:11.589><c> orthodoxy,</c><00:30:12.890><c> but</c><00:30:13.089><c> was</c><00:30:13.390><c> anti</c><00:30:13.750><c>-papal.</c>

00:30:14.990 --> 00:30:17.650
He<00:30:15.150><c> was</c><00:30:15.349><c> more</c><00:30:15.609><c> liberal</c><00:30:15.930><c> in</c><00:30:16.190><c> granting</c><00:30:16.450><c> access</c><00:30:16.910><c> to</c><00:30:17.130><c> the</c><00:30:17.309><c> scriptures,</c>

00:30:17.769 --> 00:30:21.250
which<00:30:18.009><c> I</c><00:30:18.089><c> think</c><00:30:18.509><c> eventually</c><00:30:19.430><c> had</c><00:30:19.769><c> a</c><00:30:19.990><c> very</c><00:30:20.349><c> profound</c><00:30:20.750><c> impact</c>

00:30:21.250 --> 00:30:24.529
on<00:30:22.750><c> things</c><00:30:23.150><c> in</c><00:30:23.730><c> Britain.</c>

00:30:24.849 --> 00:30:27.970
He<00:30:25.190><c> was</c><00:30:25.509><c> obviously</c><00:30:25.930><c> ruthless</c><00:30:26.430><c> with</c><00:30:26.910><c> his</c><00:30:27.170><c> political</c><00:30:27.569><c> and</c><00:30:27.769><c> his</c>

00:30:27.970 --> 00:30:29.470
religious<00:30:28.430><c> opponents.</c>

00:30:29.470 --> 00:30:33.369
He<00:30:30.369><c> set</c><00:30:30.730><c> Britain</c><00:30:31.049><c> on</c><00:30:31.250><c> a</c><00:30:31.390><c> different</c><00:30:31.650><c> course</c><00:30:31.990><c> than</c><00:30:32.210><c> Europe.</c>

00:30:34.690 --> 00:30:37.329
So<00:30:34.990><c> more</c><00:30:35.289><c> or</c><00:30:35.390><c> less</c><00:30:35.509><c> that's</c><00:30:35.809><c> why</c><00:30:36.089><c> he's</c><00:30:36.490><c> on</c><00:30:36.789><c> this</c><00:30:37.089><c> list,</c>

00:30:37.349 --> 00:30:40.890
because<00:30:37.750><c> he</c><00:30:38.789><c> made</c><00:30:39.210><c> life</c><00:30:39.509><c> difficult</c><00:30:40.069><c> for</c><00:30:40.309><c> the</c><00:30:40.509><c> popes,</c>

00:30:40.890 --> 00:30:47.029
even<00:30:41.130><c> though</c><00:30:41.829><c> he's</c><00:30:44.029><c> very</c><00:30:44.450><c> far</c><00:30:44.730><c> removed</c><00:30:45.230><c> from</c><00:30:45.930><c> the</c><00:30:46.250><c> truth.</c>

00:30:47.490 --> 00:30:52.970
So<00:30:47.789><c> just</c><00:30:48.089><c> in</c><00:30:48.329><c> summary,</c><00:30:49.309><c> these</c><00:30:49.670><c> protesters,</c><00:30:50.630><c> these</c><00:30:51.670><c> reformers,</c>

00:30:53.309 --> 00:30:56.910
all<00:30:53.769><c> acted</c><00:30:54.190><c> to</c><00:30:54.450><c> some</c><00:30:54.670><c> extent</c><00:30:55.109><c> against</c><00:30:55.930><c> papal</c><00:30:56.410><c> tyranny.</c>

00:30:56.910 --> 00:30:59.009
Many<00:30:57.650><c> did</c><00:30:57.970><c> not</c><00:30:58.250><c> hold</c><00:30:58.490><c> the</c><00:30:58.769><c> truth.</c>

00:30:59.069 --> 00:31:05.049
Some<00:30:59.390><c> held</c><00:30:59.849><c> very</c><00:31:02.549><c> strange</c><00:31:03.390><c> views</c><00:31:03.769><c> and</c><00:31:04.029><c> were</c><00:31:04.269><c> given</c><00:31:04.509><c> over</c><00:31:04.769><c> to</c>

00:31:05.049 --> 00:31:06.029
violent<00:31:05.390><c> activity</c>

00:31:06.029 --> 00:31:08.950
that<00:31:06.750><c> we</c><00:31:06.970><c> wouldn't</c><00:31:07.289><c> condone</c><00:31:07.730><c> for</c><00:31:08.029><c> sure.</c>

00:31:09.289 --> 00:31:12.009
Some<00:31:09.529><c> had</c><00:31:09.809><c> bits</c><00:31:10.150><c> and</c><00:31:10.450><c> kernels</c><00:31:10.829><c> of</c><00:31:11.009><c> the</c><00:31:11.230><c> truth.</c>

00:31:12.430 --> 00:31:16.250
Some<00:31:12.690><c> of</c><00:31:12.769><c> them</c><00:31:12.990><c> may</c><00:31:13.250><c> well</c><00:31:13.509><c> have</c><00:31:13.730><c> had</c><00:31:13.950><c> the</c><00:31:14.230><c> truth</c><00:31:14.410><c> as</c><00:31:14.809><c> we</c><00:31:15.049><c> know</c><00:31:15.269><c> it.</c>

00:31:16.349 --> 00:31:21.869
And<00:31:16.569><c> this</c><00:31:17.309><c> work</c><00:31:17.769><c> of</c><00:31:18.730><c> the</c><00:31:19.130><c> protesters</c><00:31:19.609><c> and</c><00:31:20.269><c> the</c><00:31:20.589><c> reformers,</c><00:31:21.410><c> at</c>

00:31:21.869 --> 00:31:22.869
the<00:31:22.109><c> very</c><00:31:22.369><c> least,</c>

00:31:22.869 --> 00:31:27.210
set<00:31:23.529><c> the</c><00:31:23.809><c> stage</c><00:31:24.130><c> for</c><00:31:24.509><c> a</c><00:31:24.930><c> much</c><00:31:25.289><c> greater</c><00:31:25.690><c> opportunity</c><00:31:26.289><c> for</c><00:31:26.589><c> people</c><00:31:26.930><c> to</c>

00:31:27.210 --> 00:31:28.470
learn<00:31:27.670><c> the</c><00:31:28.029><c> scriptures</c>

00:31:28.470 --> 00:31:33.789
because<00:31:29.369><c> of</c><00:31:30.369><c> the</c><00:31:30.690><c> work</c><00:31:30.910><c> that</c><00:31:31.089><c> they</c><00:31:31.289><c> did</c><00:31:32.309><c> translating</c><00:31:33.150><c> the</c>

00:31:33.789 --> 00:31:35.930
Bible<00:31:34.089><c> into</c><00:31:34.470><c> different</c><00:31:34.829><c> languages,</c>

00:31:36.069 --> 00:31:40.009
teaching,<00:31:37.089><c> albeit</c><00:31:37.549><c> teaching</c><00:31:38.329><c> in</c><00:31:38.630><c> secret,</c><00:31:39.269><c> teaching</c><00:31:39.730><c> and</c>

00:31:40.009 --> 00:31:42.349
sharing<00:31:40.210><c> God's</c><00:31:41.390><c> words</c><00:31:41.390><c> with</c><00:31:41.970><c> others.</c>

00:31:42.609 --> 00:31:45.829
Now<00:31:42.869><c> we</c><00:31:42.990><c> look</c><00:31:43.170><c> at</c><00:31:43.329><c> some</c><00:31:43.670><c> later</c><00:31:44.109><c> protesters</c><00:31:44.710><c> who</c><00:31:45.089><c> come</c><00:31:45.309><c> after</c>

00:31:45.829 --> 00:31:48.230
the<00:31:46.210><c> period</c><00:31:46.450><c> that</c><00:31:46.650><c> we've</c><00:31:46.849><c> been</c><00:31:47.009><c> looking</c><00:31:47.269><c> at.</c>

00:31:48.230 --> 00:31:52.430
And<00:31:49.190><c> many</c><00:31:49.450><c> of</c><00:31:49.630><c> these</c><00:31:49.869><c> names</c><00:31:50.250><c> that</c><00:31:50.529><c> we</c><00:31:50.750><c> see</c><00:31:50.930><c> here</c><00:31:51.250><c> you'll</c><00:31:51.630><c> recognize</c><00:31:52.150><c> from</c>

00:31:52.430 --> 00:31:54.430
Brother<00:31:52.750><c> Alan</c><00:31:53.029><c> Eyre's</c><00:31:53.369><c> books,</c>

00:31:54.710 --> 00:31:58.390
one<00:31:54.950><c> called</c><00:31:55.210><c> The</c><00:31:55.470><c> Protesters,</c><00:31:56.009><c> the</c><00:31:56.210><c> other</c><00:31:56.349><c> one</c><00:31:56.549><c> called</c><00:31:56.750><c> Brethren</c><00:31:57.089><c> in</c><00:31:57.349><c> Christ.</c>

00:31:59.470 --> 00:32:02.609
As<00:32:00.029><c> we</c><00:32:00.190><c> go</c><00:32:00.349><c> through</c><00:32:00.569><c> here,</c><00:32:00.750><c> note</c><00:32:01.069><c> the</c><00:32:01.349><c> emphasis</c><00:32:01.789><c> of</c><00:32:02.049><c> these</c><00:32:02.309><c> groups</c>

00:32:02.609 --> 00:32:05.630
and<00:32:02.849><c> these</c><00:32:03.150><c> personalities</c><00:32:03.630><c> on</c><00:32:04.009><c> the</c><00:32:04.269><c> scriptures</c><00:32:04.609><c> and</c><00:32:04.829><c> how</c><00:32:05.130><c> important</c><00:32:05.390><c> the</c>

00:32:05.630 --> 00:32:07.150
scriptures<00:32:05.930><c> are.</c>

00:32:08.210 --> 00:32:10.670
And<00:32:08.769><c> unlike</c><00:32:08.970><c> some</c><00:32:09.210><c> of</c><00:32:09.329><c> the</c><00:32:09.490><c> wider</c><00:32:09.730><c> known</c><00:32:09.970><c> names</c><00:32:10.250><c> that</c><00:32:10.470><c> we've</c>

00:32:10.670 --> 00:32:11.589
just<00:32:10.950><c> looked</c><00:32:11.150><c> at,</c>

00:32:11.589 --> 00:32:17.009
these<00:32:12.289><c> men</c><00:32:12.609><c> seem</c><00:32:12.890><c> to</c><00:32:13.089><c> be</c><00:32:13.309><c> truly</c><00:32:13.849><c> removed</c><00:32:14.529><c> from</c><00:32:15.670><c> at</c><00:32:16.069><c> least</c><00:32:16.390><c> certain</c><00:32:16.710><c> of</c>

00:32:17.009 --> 00:32:18.309
the<00:32:17.289><c> orthodox</c><00:32:17.930><c> beliefs</c>

00:32:18.309 --> 00:32:21.309
that<00:32:18.470><c> were</c><00:32:18.670><c> being</c><00:32:19.089><c> taught</c><00:32:19.470><c> and</c><00:32:19.970><c> insisted</c><00:32:20.390><c> on</c><00:32:20.630><c> by</c><00:32:20.890><c> the</c><00:32:21.029><c> Roman</c>

00:32:21.309 --> 00:32:22.150
Catholic<00:32:21.670><c> Church.</c>

00:32:22.450 --> 00:32:28.230
As<00:32:22.730><c> a</c><00:32:22.910><c> result,</c><00:32:23.410><c> they</c><00:32:23.690><c> suffered</c><00:32:24.569><c> because</c><00:32:26.369><c> of</c><00:32:26.609><c> their</c><00:32:26.829><c> witnessing</c><00:32:27.269><c> in</c><00:32:27.549><c> the</c><00:32:27.750><c> face</c><00:32:28.009><c> of</c>

00:32:28.230 --> 00:32:29.769
that<00:32:28.490><c> little</c><00:32:28.690><c> horn</c><00:32:28.930><c> power.</c>

00:32:30.029 --> 00:32:34.829
So<00:32:30.269><c> Conrad</c><00:32:30.630><c> Griebel,</c><00:32:31.309><c> Felix</c><00:32:31.529><c> Mantz,</c><00:32:32.910><c> George</c><00:32:33.430><c> Blayrock,</c>

00:32:35.230 --> 00:32:36.730
Balthasar<00:32:35.890><c> Hovemeyer,</c>

00:32:36.730 --> 00:32:41.049
these<00:32:37.789><c> are</c><00:32:38.109><c> Swiss</c><00:32:38.490><c> and</c><00:32:38.730><c> German</c><00:32:39.210><c> students</c><00:32:39.730><c> who</c><00:32:40.069><c> split</c><00:32:40.509><c> away</c>

00:32:41.049 --> 00:32:41.869
from<00:32:41.430><c> Zwingli,</c>

00:32:41.930 --> 00:32:44.650
one<00:32:42.089><c> of</c><00:32:42.250><c> the</c><00:32:42.849><c> names</c><00:32:43.069><c> we</c><00:32:43.309><c> just</c><00:32:43.549><c> looked</c><00:32:43.750><c> at.</c>

00:32:44.809 --> 00:32:47.190
They<00:32:44.990><c> had</c><00:32:45.190><c> a</c><00:32:45.430><c> scripture</c><00:32:45.750><c> only</c><00:32:46.069><c> approach</c><00:32:46.529><c> to</c><00:32:46.730><c> their</c><00:32:46.970><c> belief</c>

00:32:47.190 --> 00:32:47.829
and<00:32:47.490><c> conduct.</c>

00:32:47.930 --> 00:32:51.269
They<00:32:48.049><c> were</c><00:32:48.309><c> against</c><00:32:49.170><c> infant</c><00:32:49.750><c> baptism</c><00:32:50.269><c> and</c><00:32:50.490><c> therefore</c><00:32:50.809><c> they're</c><00:32:51.089><c> known</c>

00:32:51.269 --> 00:32:53.910
as<00:32:51.470><c> the</c><00:32:51.750><c> Anabaptists,</c><00:32:52.490><c> the</c><00:32:52.650><c> Rebaptizers.</c>

00:32:53.930 --> 00:32:56.549
They<00:32:54.170><c> were</c><00:32:54.390><c> condemned</c><00:32:54.809><c> by</c><00:32:55.109><c> Zwingli</c><00:32:55.789><c> and</c><00:32:56.170><c> imprisoned.</c>

00:32:56.650 --> 00:32:59.029
Some<00:32:56.930><c> were</c><00:32:57.150><c> drowned,</c><00:32:57.490><c> others</c><00:32:57.750><c> were</c><00:32:58.089><c> burned.</c>

00:32:59.470 --> 00:33:00.769
Griebel<00:32:59.730><c> died</c><00:33:00.069><c> of</c><00:33:00.250><c> the</c><00:33:00.490><c> plague.</c>

00:33:00.769 --> 00:33:04.730
So<00:33:01.109><c> they</c><00:33:01.289><c> came</c><00:33:01.589><c> to</c><00:33:01.990><c> grisly</c><00:33:02.470><c> ends,</c><00:33:02.990><c> but</c><00:33:03.230><c> they</c><00:33:03.549><c> had</c><00:33:03.730><c> a</c><00:33:03.849><c> very</c><00:33:04.250><c> important</c><00:33:04.529><c> and</c>

00:33:04.730 --> 00:33:05.789
profound<00:33:05.069><c> work</c>

00:33:05.789 --> 00:33:10.369
in<00:33:06.509><c> advancing</c><00:33:07.549><c> knowledge</c><00:33:08.470><c> and</c><00:33:08.730><c> understanding</c><00:33:09.150><c> of</c><00:33:09.309><c> the</c><00:33:09.509><c> truth.</c>

00:33:10.910 --> 00:33:15.329
William<00:33:11.150><c> Tyndale</c><00:33:11.650><c> is</c><00:33:11.890><c> a</c><00:33:11.950><c> very</c><00:33:12.269><c> well</c><00:33:12.490><c>-known</c><00:33:12.630><c> name,</c><00:33:13.549><c> lives</c><00:33:13.730><c> during</c><00:33:14.170><c> this</c><00:33:14.430><c> period.</c>

00:33:15.410 --> 00:33:20.069
He<00:33:15.730><c> leveraged</c><00:33:16.210><c> his</c><00:33:16.549><c> growing</c><00:33:16.829><c> knowledge</c><00:33:17.369><c> in</c><00:33:17.829><c> Greek</c><00:33:18.170><c> and</c><00:33:18.589><c> Hebrew</c><00:33:18.970><c> and</c>

00:33:20.069 --> 00:33:21.589
harnessed<00:33:20.569><c> that</c><00:33:21.029><c> knowledge</c>

00:33:21.589 --> 00:33:26.789
and<00:33:22.690><c> seemed</c><00:33:23.029><c> almost</c><00:33:23.470><c> obsessed</c><00:33:24.089><c> with</c><00:33:24.809><c> making</c><00:33:25.789><c> the</c><00:33:26.430><c> scriptures</c>

00:33:26.789 --> 00:33:29.309
more<00:33:27.269><c> available</c><00:33:27.750><c> to</c><00:33:28.009><c> the</c><00:33:28.230><c> common</c><00:33:28.430><c> person,</c>

00:33:29.589 --> 00:33:32.670
translating<00:33:30.349><c> it</c><00:33:30.750><c> into</c><00:33:31.130><c> language</c><00:33:31.609><c> that</c><00:33:31.829><c> the</c><00:33:32.049><c> common</c><00:33:32.269><c> person</c>

00:33:32.670 --> 00:33:35.349
could<00:33:32.930><c> understand</c><00:33:33.529><c> and</c><00:33:33.990><c> identify</c><00:33:34.470><c> with.</c>

00:33:35.829 --> 00:33:39.630
So<00:33:35.829><c> he</c><00:33:36.230><c> being</c><00:33:36.549><c> an</c><00:33:36.769><c> English</c><00:33:37.190><c> clergyman</c><00:33:37.670><c> obviously</c><00:33:38.089><c> was</c><00:33:38.349><c> working</c><00:33:38.650><c> on</c><00:33:38.970><c> translating</c><00:33:39.410><c> the</c>

00:33:39.630 --> 00:33:41.170
Bible<00:33:39.809><c> into</c><00:33:40.109><c> English.</c>

00:33:41.750 --> 00:33:45.170
And<00:33:41.849><c> his</c><00:33:42.910><c> Bibles</c><00:33:43.250><c> were</c><00:33:43.529><c> actually</c><00:33:43.910><c> printed</c><00:33:44.289><c> in</c><00:33:44.670><c> Europe</c><00:33:44.970><c> where</c>

00:33:45.170 --> 00:33:47.970
the<00:33:45.390><c> presses</c><00:33:45.650><c> were</c><00:33:46.150><c> away</c><00:33:46.470><c> from</c><00:33:47.430><c> trouble,</c>

00:33:47.970 --> 00:33:51.769
and<00:33:48.509><c> then</c><00:33:48.630><c> they</c><00:33:48.809><c> were</c><00:33:49.049><c> smuggled</c><00:33:49.549><c> into</c><00:33:50.029><c> England</c><00:33:50.509><c> and</c><00:33:50.849><c> distributed.</c>

00:33:53.150 --> 00:33:57.430
And<00:33:53.670><c> he</c><00:33:54.190><c> was</c><00:33:55.569><c> hunted,</c><00:33:56.029><c> and</c><00:33:56.109><c> there's</c><00:33:56.269><c> books</c><00:33:56.589><c> written</c><00:33:56.849><c> about</c><00:33:57.109><c> him,</c>

00:33:57.609 --> 00:33:59.329
and<00:33:57.809><c> perhaps</c><00:33:57.970><c> some</c><00:33:58.170><c> of</c><00:33:58.289><c> you</c><00:33:58.410><c> have</c><00:33:58.589><c> actually</c><00:33:58.890><c> read</c><00:33:59.049><c> some</c><00:33:59.250><c> of</c>

00:33:59.329 --> 00:33:59.869
those<00:33:59.490><c> books.</c>

00:34:00.349 --> 00:34:03.789
You'll<00:34:00.710><c> know</c><00:34:00.829><c> that</c><00:34:01.049><c> he</c><00:34:01.230><c> was</c><00:34:01.490><c> hunted</c><00:34:02.170><c> from</c><00:34:02.950><c> town</c><00:34:03.230><c> to</c><00:34:03.470><c> town.</c>

00:34:04.029 --> 00:34:05.509
He<00:34:04.029><c> was</c><00:34:04.529><c> eventually</c><00:34:04.990><c> captured.</c>

00:34:05.529 --> 00:34:06.930
He<00:34:05.630><c> was</c><00:34:05.869><c> betrayed</c><00:34:06.230><c> by</c><00:34:06.549><c> a</c><00:34:06.730><c> friend.</c>

00:34:06.990 --> 00:34:08.269
He<00:34:07.069><c> was</c><00:34:07.329><c> imprisoned.</c>

00:34:08.389 --> 00:34:11.550
He<00:34:08.690><c> was</c><00:34:09.110><c> strangled</c><00:34:09.610><c> and</c><00:34:09.829><c> then</c><00:34:10.130><c> burned</c><00:34:10.309><c> at</c><00:34:10.489><c> the</c><00:34:10.730><c> stake.</c>

00:34:12.349 --> 00:34:17.349
And<00:34:12.869><c> his</c><00:34:13.389><c> version</c><00:34:14.110><c> was</c><00:34:16.269><c> pronounced</c><00:34:16.809><c> illegal,</c>

00:34:17.349 --> 00:34:20.469
but<00:34:17.510><c> it</c><00:34:17.730><c> actually</c><00:34:18.070><c> turns</c><00:34:18.349><c> out</c><00:34:18.610><c> that</c><00:34:18.769><c> it</c><00:34:18.909><c> was</c><00:34:19.150><c> more</c><00:34:19.389><c> or</c><00:34:19.489><c> less</c><00:34:19.670><c> the</c><00:34:19.869><c> basis</c><00:34:20.210><c> of</c>

00:34:20.469 --> 00:34:22.070
a<00:34:20.630><c> later</c><00:34:21.030><c> authorized</c><00:34:21.710><c> version.</c>

00:34:22.090 --> 00:34:25.289
By<00:34:22.329><c> authorized,</c><00:34:22.829><c> I</c><00:34:22.869><c> mean</c><00:34:23.449><c> authorized</c><00:34:23.989><c> by</c><00:34:24.230><c> the</c><00:34:24.469><c> king.</c>

00:34:26.670 --> 00:34:31.030
And<00:34:26.869><c> parts</c><00:34:27.050><c> of</c><00:34:27.250><c> it</c><00:34:27.469><c> are</c><00:34:27.989><c> seen</c><00:34:28.369><c> in</c><00:34:28.869><c> the</c><00:34:30.010><c> King</c><00:34:30.269><c> James</c><00:34:30.530><c> Version</c><00:34:30.869><c> of</c>

00:34:31.030 --> 00:34:31.369
the<00:34:31.170><c> Bible.</c>

00:34:31.750 --> 00:34:34.769
So<00:34:31.889><c> although</c><00:34:32.150><c> at</c><00:34:32.329><c> the</c><00:34:32.530><c> time</c><00:34:32.750><c> it</c><00:34:33.349><c> was</c><00:34:33.829><c> thought</c><00:34:34.070><c> to</c><00:34:34.250><c> be</c><00:34:34.369><c> just</c><00:34:34.530><c> a</c>

00:34:34.769 --> 00:34:35.730
terrible<00:34:35.010><c> thing</c><00:34:35.269><c> that</c><00:34:35.409><c> he</c><00:34:35.590><c> did,</c>

00:34:35.750 --> 00:34:39.190
translating<00:34:36.449><c> the</c><00:34:36.989><c> Bible</c><00:34:37.250><c> into</c><00:34:37.550><c> English</c><00:34:38.030><c> and</c><00:34:38.570><c> creating</c><00:34:38.829><c> this</c>

00:34:39.190 --> 00:34:40.050
unauthorized<00:34:39.809><c> version,</c>

00:34:40.170 --> 00:34:42.630
it<00:34:40.250><c> turns</c><00:34:40.429><c> out</c><00:34:40.730><c> he</c><00:34:40.969><c> contributed</c><00:34:41.429><c> to</c><00:34:41.710><c> the</c><00:34:42.030><c> authorized</c><00:34:42.309><c> version</c>

00:34:42.630 --> 00:34:45.909
that<00:34:42.769><c> was</c><00:34:43.409><c> ultimately</c><00:34:43.889><c> accepted</c><00:34:44.409><c> for</c><00:34:44.769><c> distribution.</c>

00:34:46.730 --> 00:34:53.190
Here's<00:34:47.250><c> just</c><00:34:47.510><c> a</c><00:34:47.690><c> few</c><00:34:47.929><c> quotes</c><00:34:48.349><c> from</c><00:34:50.170><c> biographers</c><00:34:51.170><c> of</c><00:34:51.730><c> William</c><00:34:52.130><c> Tyndale.</c>

00:34:53.349 --> 00:34:54.789
The<00:34:53.489><c> first</c><00:34:53.690><c> one</c><00:34:53.969><c> from</c><00:34:54.210><c> Moynihan.</c>

00:34:54.989 --> 00:34:57.630
If<00:34:54.989><c> God</c><00:34:55.289><c> spare</c><00:34:55.590><c> my</c><00:34:55.889><c> life,</c><00:34:56.050><c> these</c><00:34:56.210><c> are</c><00:34:56.409><c> the</c><00:34:56.449><c> words</c><00:34:56.610><c> of</c><00:34:56.789><c> Tyndale</c><00:34:57.110><c> himself.</c>

00:34:58.010 --> 00:35:00.949
If<00:34:58.150><c> God</c><00:34:58.570><c> spare</c><00:34:58.809><c> my</c><00:34:59.170><c> life,</c><00:34:59.590><c> ere</c><00:34:59.610><c> many</c><00:34:59.929><c> years,</c><00:35:00.289><c> I</c><00:35:00.449><c> will</c><00:35:00.690><c> cause</c>

00:35:00.949 --> 00:35:03.050
the<00:35:01.230><c> boy</c><00:35:01.389><c> that</c><00:35:01.690><c> drives</c><00:35:01.929><c> the</c><00:35:02.289><c> plow</c>

00:35:03.110 --> 00:35:05.230
to<00:35:03.349><c> know</c><00:35:03.550><c> more</c><00:35:03.869><c> of</c><00:35:04.030><c> the</c><00:35:04.250><c> scriptures</c><00:35:04.650><c> than</c><00:35:04.989><c> you.</c>

00:35:05.369 --> 00:35:09.610
And<00:35:05.590><c> the</c><00:35:05.650><c> you</c><00:35:05.809><c> here</c><00:35:06.050><c> is</c><00:35:06.789><c> the</c><00:35:07.090><c> papacy</c><00:35:07.730><c> and</c><00:35:08.090><c> the</c><00:35:08.329><c> Catholic</c><00:35:08.570><c> priests.</c>

00:35:10.010 --> 00:35:12.389
So<00:35:10.269><c> the</c><00:35:10.489><c> plow</c><00:35:10.730><c> boy</c><00:35:10.889><c> is</c><00:35:11.050><c> going</c><00:35:11.210><c> to</c><00:35:11.489><c> understand</c><00:35:11.730><c> the</c><00:35:11.989><c> scriptures</c>

00:35:12.389 --> 00:35:14.190
more<00:35:13.210><c> than</c><00:35:13.349><c> the</c><00:35:13.530><c> Catholic</c><00:35:13.849><c> priests</c>

00:35:14.190 --> 00:35:16.269
if<00:35:14.449><c> Tyndale</c><00:35:14.889><c> has</c><00:35:15.170><c> his</c><00:35:15.469><c> way.</c>

00:35:17.090 --> 00:35:19.050
Second<00:35:17.329><c> quote</c><00:35:17.590><c> here</c><00:35:17.789><c> from</c><00:35:18.050><c> Bobrick.</c>

00:35:19.630 --> 00:35:23.269
I<00:35:19.929><c> wish</c><00:35:20.210><c> that</c><00:35:20.489><c> the</c><00:35:20.769><c> husband</c><00:35:21.090><c> men</c><00:35:21.690><c> may</c><00:35:22.050><c> sing</c><00:35:22.389><c> parts</c><00:35:22.750><c> of</c><00:35:22.909><c> them</c><00:35:23.030><c> at</c>

00:35:23.269 --> 00:35:24.090
his<00:35:23.530><c> plow,</c>

00:35:24.349 --> 00:35:29.050
that<00:35:24.530><c> the</c><00:35:24.750><c> weaver</c><00:35:25.650><c> may</c><00:35:26.349><c> warble</c><00:35:27.010><c> them</c><00:35:27.389><c> at</c><00:35:27.630><c> his</c><00:35:28.090><c> shuttle,</c>

00:35:36.750 --> 00:35:47.710
that<00:35:38.150><c> the</c><00:35:39.550><c> traveler</c><00:35:40.030><c> may,</c><00:35:41.070><c> with</c><00:35:41.409><c> their</c><00:35:42.349><c> narratives,</c><00:35:47.030><c> beguile</c>

00:35:47.710 --> 00:35:50.570
the<00:35:48.309><c> wariness</c><00:35:48.690><c> of</c><00:35:48.949><c> the</c><00:35:49.110><c> way.</c>

00:35:54.469 --> 00:35:58.469
And<00:35:55.030><c> then</c><00:35:55.289><c> lastly</c><00:35:55.650><c> from</c><00:35:55.989><c> his</c><00:35:56.269><c> New</c><00:35:56.469><c> Testament</c><00:35:56.909><c> translation.</c>

00:35:59.570 --> 00:36:03.610
Faith<00:35:59.849><c> is</c><00:36:00.150><c> a</c><00:36:00.250><c> sure</c><00:36:00.429><c> confidence</c><00:36:00.969><c> of</c><00:36:01.190><c> things</c><00:36:01.429><c> which</c><00:36:01.670><c> are</c><00:36:01.869><c> hoped</c><00:36:02.090><c> for</c>

00:36:03.710 --> 00:36:06.210
and<00:36:04.269><c> certainty</c><00:36:04.769><c> of</c><00:36:05.090><c> things</c><00:36:05.309><c> which</c><00:36:05.550><c> are</c><00:36:05.710><c> not</c><00:36:05.989><c> seen.</c>

00:36:06.289 --> 00:36:12.010
We<00:36:06.670><c> recognize</c><00:36:07.190><c> that</c><00:36:07.590><c> in</c><00:36:08.829><c> the</c><00:36:09.889><c> New</c><00:36:11.130><c> Testament</c><00:36:11.489><c> translation,</c>

00:36:12.090 --> 00:36:15.690
as<00:36:12.230><c> well</c><00:36:12.389><c> as,</c><00:36:12.550><c> by</c><00:36:12.710><c> the</c><00:36:12.829><c> way,</c><00:36:13.269><c> even</c><00:36:13.449><c> Brother</c><00:36:13.730><c> Thomas</c><00:36:14.090><c> had</c><00:36:14.389><c> a</c><00:36:15.050><c> translation</c><00:36:15.510><c> of</c>

00:36:15.690 --> 00:36:18.010
that<00:36:15.909><c> passage</c><00:36:16.250><c> that</c><00:36:16.449><c> is</c><00:36:16.650><c> very</c><00:36:17.449><c> similar.</c>

00:36:18.010 --> 00:36:22.230
And<00:36:18.090><c> that's</c><00:36:18.550><c> typical,</c><00:36:18.969><c> I</c><00:36:19.190><c> think,</c><00:36:19.690><c> of</c><00:36:19.849><c> the</c><00:36:21.210><c> clarity</c><00:36:21.610><c> and</c><00:36:21.969><c> the</c>

00:36:22.230 --> 00:36:27.590
beauty<00:36:22.550><c> of</c><00:36:23.289><c> Tyndale's</c><00:36:26.030><c> translation</c><00:36:26.610><c> of</c><00:36:26.909><c> the</c><00:36:27.150><c> scriptures</c>

00:36:27.590 --> 00:36:29.090
into<00:36:27.909><c> English.</c>

00:36:30.349 --> 00:36:32.530
Thanks<00:36:30.610><c> for</c><00:36:30.869><c> bearing</c><00:36:31.070><c> with</c><00:36:31.309><c> me.</c>

00:36:33.869 --> 00:36:36.309
Well,<00:36:34.090><c> we're</c><00:36:34.289><c> going</c><00:36:34.429><c> to</c><00:36:34.610><c> look</c><00:36:34.710><c> now</c><00:36:34.889><c> at</c><00:36:35.030><c> a</c><00:36:35.190><c> case</c><00:36:35.449><c> study.</c>

00:36:37.150 --> 00:36:39.309
It's<00:36:37.510><c> really</c><00:36:37.769><c> just</c><00:36:38.010><c> sort</c><00:36:38.110><c> of</c><00:36:38.269><c> a</c><00:36:38.369><c> summation</c><00:36:38.769><c> of</c><00:36:38.929><c> what</c><00:36:39.110><c> we've</c>

00:36:39.309 --> 00:36:40.050
been<00:36:39.469><c> talking</c><00:36:39.769><c> about.</c>

00:36:40.210 --> 00:36:43.369
And<00:36:40.269><c> it's</c><00:36:41.190><c> going</c><00:36:41.349><c> to</c><00:36:41.469><c> be</c><00:36:41.610><c> looking</c><00:36:41.789><c> at</c><00:36:42.010><c> a</c><00:36:42.289><c> group</c><00:36:42.409><c> known</c><00:36:42.670><c> as</c><00:36:42.809><c> the</c><00:36:43.010><c> Huguenots,</c>

00:36:43.429 --> 00:36:47.269
who<00:36:43.530><c> are</c><00:36:43.670><c> most</c><00:36:43.929><c> prominent</c><00:36:44.510><c> in</c><00:36:45.030><c> France,</c><00:36:45.329><c> but</c><00:36:45.530><c> not</c><00:36:45.829><c> solely</c><00:36:46.070><c> in</c><00:36:46.389><c> France.</c>

00:36:47.309 --> 00:36:50.150
They<00:36:47.829><c> existed</c><00:36:48.329><c> elsewhere</c><00:36:48.769><c> in</c><00:36:48.909><c> Europe</c><00:36:49.150><c> as</c><00:36:49.449><c> well.</c>

00:36:50.250 --> 00:36:55.949
But<00:36:50.250><c> really</c><00:36:50.769><c> their</c><00:36:52.050><c> experience</c><00:36:53.769><c> is</c><00:36:54.050><c> really</c><00:36:54.349><c> typical,</c><00:36:54.670><c> I</c><00:36:54.889><c> think,</c><00:36:55.170><c> of</c>

00:36:55.949 --> 00:36:57.809
the<00:36:56.170><c> many</c><00:36:56.530><c> groups</c><00:36:56.949><c> of</c><00:36:57.329><c> protesters,</c>

00:36:58.050 --> 00:37:01.969
both<00:36:58.309><c> political</c><00:36:58.849><c> protesters</c><00:36:59.409><c> and</c><00:36:59.710><c> religious</c><00:37:00.690><c> protesters,</c>

00:37:02.989 --> 00:37:06.610
that<00:37:03.030><c> witnessed</c><00:37:03.869><c> against</c><00:37:04.289><c> the</c><00:37:04.530><c> tyranny</c><00:37:04.829><c> of</c><00:37:05.030><c> the</c><00:37:05.190><c> Catholic</c><00:37:05.449><c> Church</c><00:37:05.789><c> and</c><00:37:05.989><c> the</c><00:37:06.130><c> papacy</c><00:37:06.469><c> in</c>

00:37:06.610 --> 00:37:07.769
the<00:37:06.730><c> Middle</c><00:37:06.949><c> Ages.</c>

00:37:07.849 --> 00:37:10.929
So<00:37:08.050><c> it's</c><00:37:08.170><c> a</c><00:37:08.230><c> very</c><00:37:08.489><c> specific</c><00:37:08.849><c> case,</c><00:37:09.150><c> but</c><00:37:09.269><c> I</c><00:37:09.389><c> think</c><00:37:09.570><c> it</c><00:37:09.730><c> has</c><00:37:09.949><c> broad</c><00:37:10.170><c> application</c><00:37:10.769><c> in</c>

00:37:10.929 --> 00:37:13.150
terms<00:37:11.190><c> of</c><00:37:11.409><c> the</c><00:37:11.550><c> other</c><00:37:11.710><c> groups</c><00:37:11.969><c> that</c><00:37:12.150><c> we've</c><00:37:12.309><c> been</c><00:37:12.449><c> talking</c><00:37:12.730><c> about.</c>

00:37:13.150 --> 00:37:16.769
As<00:37:13.789><c> we've</c><00:37:14.150><c> already</c><00:37:14.409><c> said,</c><00:37:15.809><c> many</c><00:37:15.849><c> of</c><00:37:16.010><c> the</c><00:37:16.130><c> groups</c><00:37:16.309><c> didn't</c><00:37:16.570><c> hold</c>

00:37:16.769 --> 00:37:17.190
the<00:37:17.030><c> truth.</c>

00:37:17.309 --> 00:37:20.030
Some<00:37:17.510><c> of</c><00:37:17.630><c> them</c><00:37:17.769><c> did.</c><00:37:18.090><c> Some</c><00:37:18.289><c> of</c><00:37:18.369><c> them</c><00:37:18.510><c> held</c><00:37:18.710><c> parts</c><00:37:19.010><c> of</c><00:37:19.210><c> the</c><00:37:19.369><c> truth.</c>

00:37:20.250 --> 00:37:25.650
But<00:37:20.349><c> the</c><00:37:21.150><c> bottom</c><00:37:21.429><c> line</c><00:37:21.670><c> is</c><00:37:21.989><c> that</c><00:37:23.289><c> the</c><00:37:23.829><c> activity</c><00:37:24.289><c> of</c><00:37:24.530><c> these</c><00:37:24.789><c> groups,</c><00:37:25.309><c> I</c>

00:37:25.650 --> 00:37:27.610
think,<00:37:26.369><c> prevented</c><00:37:26.550><c> to</c><00:37:26.889><c> some</c><00:37:27.070><c> extent</c>

00:37:27.610 --> 00:37:32.550
those<00:37:28.150><c> who</c><00:37:28.449><c> held</c><00:37:28.590><c> the</c><00:37:28.869><c> truth</c><00:37:29.050><c> from</c><00:37:29.269><c> being</c><00:37:29.590><c> completely</c><00:37:30.670><c> exterminated</c><00:37:31.769><c> because</c><00:37:32.329><c> of</c>

00:37:32.550 --> 00:37:36.929
their<00:37:32.710><c> efforts</c><00:37:33.210><c> protesting</c><00:37:34.110><c> against</c><00:37:35.570><c> papal</c><00:37:36.050><c> tyranny.</c>

00:37:37.170 --> 00:37:40.050
That,<00:37:37.710><c> I</c><00:37:37.849><c> think,</c><00:37:38.050><c> was</c><00:37:38.230><c> almost</c><00:37:38.449><c> like</c><00:37:38.650><c> a</c><00:37:38.929><c> shield</c><00:37:39.230><c> to</c><00:37:39.570><c> those</c><00:37:39.849><c> who</c>

00:37:40.050 --> 00:37:41.289
actually<00:37:40.389><c> did</c><00:37:40.630><c> hold</c><00:37:40.849><c> the</c><00:37:41.090><c> truth</c>

00:37:41.289 --> 00:37:44.170
and<00:37:41.489><c> who</c><00:37:41.750><c> couldn't</c><00:37:42.449><c> take</c><00:37:42.829><c> the</c><00:37:43.070><c> sword</c><00:37:43.250><c> to</c><00:37:43.489><c> defend</c><00:37:43.710><c> themselves.</c>

00:37:44.230 --> 00:37:48.210
They<00:37:44.329><c> had</c><00:37:44.489><c> to</c><00:37:44.690><c> rely</c><00:37:44.929><c> on</c><00:37:45.090><c> those</c><00:37:45.289><c> other</c><00:37:45.489><c> groups</c><00:37:45.730><c> to</c><00:37:45.949><c> do</c><00:37:46.070><c> it</c><00:37:46.210><c> for</c><00:37:46.449><c> them,</c><00:37:46.949><c> in</c><00:37:47.230><c> a</c><00:37:47.349><c> sense.</c>

00:37:48.510 --> 00:37:54.670
So<00:37:48.730><c> God</c><00:37:48.969><c> used</c><00:37:49.349><c> those</c><00:37:49.650><c> groups</c><00:37:50.230><c> as</c><00:37:52.710><c> instruments</c><00:37:53.369><c> to</c><00:37:53.750><c> not</c><00:37:53.949><c> only</c>

00:37:54.670 --> 00:37:58.170
ensure<00:37:55.730><c> that</c><00:37:55.949><c> the</c><00:37:56.170><c> scriptures</c><00:37:56.510><c> would</c><00:37:56.869><c> continue</c><00:37:57.329><c> to</c><00:37:57.630><c> be</c><00:37:57.869><c> available,</c>

00:37:58.210 --> 00:38:01.769
but<00:37:58.409><c> also</c><00:37:58.829><c> that</c><00:37:59.130><c> the</c><00:37:59.449><c> groups</c><00:37:59.630><c> that</c><00:37:59.869><c> held</c><00:37:59.949><c> the</c><00:38:00.210><c> truth</c><00:38:00.409><c> would</c><00:38:00.710><c> continue</c><00:38:01.110><c> to</c><00:38:01.469><c> exist.</c>

00:38:02.170 --> 00:38:03.710
So<00:38:02.389><c> we'll</c><00:38:02.489><c> look</c><00:38:02.610><c> at</c><00:38:02.730><c> the</c><00:38:02.949><c> Huguenots</c><00:38:03.269><c> here.</c>

00:38:04.010 --> 00:38:08.650
They<00:38:04.250><c> were</c><00:38:04.670><c> a</c><00:38:05.010><c> representative</c><00:38:05.429><c> class</c><00:38:05.809><c> of</c><00:38:06.050><c> religious</c><00:38:06.389><c> and</c><00:38:06.630><c> political</c><00:38:07.050><c> dissenters</c><00:38:07.670><c> against</c><00:38:07.969><c> the</c><00:38:08.230><c> Church.</c>

00:38:08.650 --> 00:38:14.670
In<00:38:09.710><c> August</c><00:38:10.190><c> of</c><00:38:10.409><c> 1572,</c><00:38:11.489><c> over</c><00:38:11.849><c> 8</c><00:38:12.230><c>,000</c><00:38:12.550><c> of</c><00:38:12.710><c> this</c><00:38:12.969><c> group</c><00:38:13.210><c> were</c><00:38:14.170><c> killed</c><00:38:14.389><c> in</c>

00:38:14.670 --> 00:38:16.889
Paris<00:38:14.949><c> by</c><00:38:15.329><c> the</c><00:38:15.769><c> command</c><00:38:15.949><c> of</c><00:38:16.110><c> the</c><00:38:16.170><c> King</c><00:38:16.329><c> of</c><00:38:16.570><c> France,</c>

00:38:17.030 --> 00:38:18.369
who<00:38:17.110><c> was</c><00:38:17.389><c> Catholic,</c><00:38:17.809><c> of</c><00:38:17.969><c> course.</c>

00:38:18.849 --> 00:38:21.289
Thousands<00:38:19.250><c> were</c><00:38:19.570><c> killed</c><00:38:19.929><c> elsewhere</c><00:38:20.349><c> throughout</c><00:38:20.789><c> France.</c>

00:38:21.650 --> 00:38:25.090
This<00:38:21.849><c> was</c><00:38:22.090><c> known</c><00:38:22.389><c> as</c><00:38:22.750><c> the</c><00:38:22.969><c> St.</c><00:38:23.449><c> Bartholomew</c><00:38:23.989><c> Massacre.</c>

00:38:25.650 --> 00:38:29.590
Thirty<00:38:25.929><c> years</c><00:38:26.190><c> of</c><00:38:26.369><c> war</c><00:38:26.530><c> ensued</c><00:38:27.190><c> in</c><00:38:27.590><c> an</c><00:38:27.809><c> attempt</c><00:38:28.010><c> to</c><00:38:28.369><c> exterminate</c><00:38:28.909><c> the</c><00:38:29.130><c> Huguenots.</c>

00:38:29.710 --> 00:38:34.750
The<00:38:29.949><c> wars</c><00:38:30.210><c> ceased</c><00:38:30.590><c> in</c><00:38:30.809><c> 1598</c><00:38:31.829><c> with</c><00:38:32.829><c> the</c><00:38:33.110><c> Edict</c><00:38:33.349><c> of</c><00:38:33.550><c> Nantes,</c><00:38:34.469><c> and</c>

00:38:34.750 --> 00:38:37.449
the<00:38:34.909><c> Huguenots</c><00:38:35.369><c> were</c><00:38:35.650><c> afforded</c><00:38:36.110><c> relief</c><00:38:36.429><c> and</c><00:38:36.730><c> certain</c><00:38:36.969><c> rights,</c>

00:38:37.449 --> 00:38:39.670
but<00:38:37.809><c> only</c><00:38:38.170><c> for</c><00:38:38.590><c> a</c><00:38:38.849><c> period</c><00:38:39.110><c> of</c><00:38:39.389><c> time.</c>

00:38:40.110 --> 00:38:44.190
This<00:38:40.369><c> policy</c><00:38:40.869><c> was</c><00:38:41.289><c> reversed</c><00:38:41.710><c> in</c><00:38:41.989><c> 1685,</c><00:38:43.630><c> almost</c><00:38:43.869><c> a</c><00:38:43.949><c> hundred</c>

00:38:44.190 --> 00:38:44.849
years<00:38:44.469><c> later,</c>

00:38:45.210 --> 00:38:49.889
when<00:38:45.429><c> the</c><00:38:45.750><c> Edict</c><00:38:45.969><c> was</c><00:38:46.289><c> revoked</c><00:38:46.730><c> by</c><00:38:47.010><c> King</c><00:38:47.250><c> Louis</c><00:38:47.610><c> XIV</c><00:38:49.449><c> and</c><00:38:49.670><c> the</c>

00:38:49.889 --> 00:38:52.230
Huguenots<00:38:50.250><c> were</c><00:38:50.530><c> all</c><00:38:50.650><c> but</c><00:38:50.929><c> exterminated.</c>

00:38:52.369 --> 00:38:57.349
The<00:38:52.670><c> Edict</c><00:38:53.010><c> of</c><00:38:53.230><c> Toleration</c><00:38:53.809><c> in</c><00:38:54.110><c> 1787,</c><00:38:55.849><c> again</c><00:38:56.190><c> almost</c><00:38:56.730><c> a</c><00:38:56.789><c> hundred</c><00:38:57.010><c> years</c>

00:38:57.349 --> 00:38:59.849
later<00:38:58.250><c> or</c><00:38:59.409><c> more,</c>

00:38:59.849 --> 00:39:05.070
and<00:39:00.610><c> in</c><00:39:02.030><c> the</c><00:39:02.210><c> National</c><00:39:02.630><c> Assembly</c><00:39:03.070><c> in</c><00:39:03.329><c> 1789</c><00:39:04.130><c> restored</c><00:39:04.690><c> certain</c>

00:39:05.070 --> 00:39:08.469
religious<00:39:05.469><c> and</c><00:39:05.730><c> political</c><00:39:06.110><c> rights</c><00:39:06.570><c> to</c><00:39:07.250><c> the</c><00:39:07.530><c> remaining</c><00:39:07.869><c> Huguenots,</c>

00:39:08.630 --> 00:39:12.929
whatever<00:39:08.909><c> was</c><00:39:09.210><c> left</c><00:39:09.510><c> after</c><00:39:09.829><c> that</c><00:39:10.449><c> attempt</c><00:39:10.789><c> to</c><00:39:11.210><c> exterminate</c><00:39:11.789><c> them.</c>

00:39:15.369 --> 00:39:20.769
On<00:39:15.630><c> learning</c><00:39:15.869><c> of</c><00:39:16.030><c> the</c><00:39:16.230><c> massacre</c><00:39:16.670><c> in</c><00:39:16.889><c> 1572,</c><00:39:18.070><c> Pope</c><00:39:18.329><c> Gregory</c><00:39:18.909><c> XIII</c><00:39:19.929><c> celebrated</c><00:39:20.550><c> and</c>

00:39:20.769 --> 00:39:24.909
had<00:39:20.889><c> a</c><00:39:21.110><c> medal</c><00:39:21.329><c> struck</c><00:39:21.590><c> to</c><00:39:21.909><c> commemorate</c><00:39:22.409><c> the</c><00:39:22.670><c> event</c><00:39:22.849><c> as</c><00:39:23.110><c> a</c><00:39:23.269><c> victory</c><00:39:23.610><c> over</c><00:39:23.949><c> heresy.</c>

00:39:24.949 --> 00:39:28.530
The<00:39:25.190><c> medal</c><00:39:25.429><c> shows</c><00:39:25.869><c> an</c><00:39:26.190><c> angel</c><00:39:26.489><c> with</c><00:39:26.710><c> a</c><00:39:26.929><c> cross</c><00:39:27.190><c> and</c><00:39:27.530><c> sword</c><00:39:27.789><c> standing</c><00:39:28.210><c> over</c>

00:39:28.530 --> 00:39:29.269
dead<00:39:28.809><c> bodies.</c>

00:39:29.269 --> 00:39:35.050
In<00:39:29.969><c> France,</c><00:39:30.489><c> the</c><00:39:30.630><c> King</c><00:39:30.809><c> ordered</c><00:39:31.150><c> that</c><00:39:31.389><c> the</c><00:39:31.610><c> event</c><00:39:31.769><c> be</c><00:39:32.150><c> publicly</c><00:39:32.550><c> commemorated</c><00:39:33.429><c> every</c><00:39:33.909><c> August.</c>

00:39:38.690 --> 00:39:42.389
So<00:39:38.809><c> we're</c><00:39:38.909><c> now</c><00:39:39.110><c> going</c><00:39:39.349><c> to</c><00:39:39.650><c> try</c><00:39:39.869><c> and</c><00:39:40.170><c> relate</c><00:39:40.570><c> all</c><00:39:41.030><c> of</c><00:39:41.190><c> the</c><00:39:41.909><c> things</c><00:39:42.210><c> that</c>

00:39:42.389 --> 00:39:45.110
we've<00:39:42.570><c> been</c><00:39:42.690><c> looking</c><00:39:43.030><c> to</c><00:39:43.650><c> to</c><00:39:44.489><c> scripture,</c>

00:39:45.250 --> 00:39:48.250
and<00:39:45.530><c> now</c><00:39:45.769><c> we're</c><00:39:45.969><c> going</c><00:39:46.190><c> to</c><00:39:46.650><c> backpedal</c><00:39:47.130><c> a</c><00:39:47.269><c> bit</c><00:39:47.389><c> because</c><00:39:47.670><c> we</c><00:39:47.869><c> were</c><00:39:48.110><c> in</c>

00:39:48.250 --> 00:39:50.150
Revelation<00:39:48.650><c> 13</c><00:39:49.250><c> the</c><00:39:49.510><c> last</c><00:39:49.769><c> two</c><00:39:49.949><c> days,</c>

00:39:50.170 --> 00:39:53.150
and<00:39:50.289><c> now</c><00:39:50.409><c> we're</c><00:39:50.489><c> going</c><00:39:50.730><c> back</c><00:39:51.010><c> to</c><00:39:51.170><c> Revelation</c><00:39:52.110><c> chapter</c><00:39:52.710><c> 11</c><00:39:52.989><c> to</c>

00:39:53.150 --> 00:39:55.409
look<00:39:53.329><c> at</c><00:39:53.510><c> the</c><00:39:53.690><c> prophecy</c><00:39:54.070><c> or</c><00:39:54.349><c> the</c><00:39:54.510><c> vision</c><00:39:54.670><c> of</c><00:39:54.849><c> the</c><00:39:55.050><c> temple</c><00:39:55.250><c> and</c>

00:39:55.409 --> 00:39:56.130
the<00:39:55.570><c> two</c><00:39:55.710><c> witnesses.</c>

00:39:56.130 --> 00:39:59.550
And<00:39:56.610><c> again,</c><00:39:57.030><c> as</c><00:39:57.329><c> we've</c><00:39:57.510><c> been</c><00:39:57.690><c> doing</c><00:39:57.929><c> since</c><00:39:58.309><c> day</c><00:39:58.610><c> one,</c><00:39:59.090><c> this</c><00:39:59.309><c> is</c>

00:39:59.550 --> 00:40:01.110
all<00:39:59.769><c> very</c><00:40:00.030><c> high</c><00:40:00.329><c> level.</c>

00:40:01.150 --> 00:40:04.449
We're<00:40:01.309><c> not</c><00:40:02.170><c> sort</c><00:40:02.389><c> of</c><00:40:02.590><c> spending</c><00:40:02.730><c> a</c><00:40:02.969><c> lot</c><00:40:03.170><c> of</c><00:40:03.389><c> time</c><00:40:03.650><c> getting</c><00:40:03.969><c> lost</c>

00:40:04.449 --> 00:40:05.230
in<00:40:04.710><c> details</c><00:40:04.969><c> here,</c>

00:40:05.250 --> 00:40:09.250
just<00:40:05.510><c> a</c><00:40:05.650><c> high</c><00:40:05.829><c> level</c><00:40:06.050><c> view</c><00:40:06.389><c> of</c><00:40:06.690><c> some</c><00:40:06.869><c> of</c><00:40:06.969><c> the</c><00:40:07.130><c> elements</c><00:40:07.409><c> of</c><00:40:07.630><c> these</c><00:40:07.889><c> prophecies,</c><00:40:08.710><c> trying</c><00:40:09.030><c> to</c>

00:40:09.250 --> 00:40:13.349
relate<00:40:09.489><c> them</c><00:40:09.690><c> to</c><00:40:09.829><c> the</c><00:40:10.050><c> history</c><00:40:10.389><c> that</c><00:40:10.610><c> we've</c><00:40:11.429><c> just</c><00:40:11.909><c> looked</c><00:40:12.309><c> at.</c>

00:40:14.429 --> 00:40:16.710
So<00:40:14.949><c> the</c><00:40:15.469><c> vision</c><00:40:15.769><c> here</c><00:40:16.050><c> reads</c><00:40:16.250><c> as</c><00:40:16.530><c> follows.</c>

00:40:16.710 --> 00:40:20.110
There<00:40:16.869><c> was</c><00:40:17.090><c> given</c><00:40:17.269><c> to</c><00:40:17.449><c> me</c><00:40:17.550><c> a</c><00:40:17.869><c> reed</c><00:40:18.250><c> like</c><00:40:18.590><c> a</c><00:40:18.829><c> rod,</c><00:40:19.530><c> and</c><00:40:19.909><c> the</c>

00:40:20.110 --> 00:40:21.090
angel<00:40:20.309><c> stood</c><00:40:20.690><c> saying,</c>

00:40:21.210 --> 00:40:24.570
Rise<00:40:21.730><c> and</c><00:40:22.670><c> measure</c><00:40:22.949><c> the</c><00:40:23.150><c> temple</c><00:40:23.409><c> of</c><00:40:23.610><c> God</c><00:40:23.849><c> and</c><00:40:24.010><c> the</c><00:40:24.210><c> altar</c><00:40:24.429><c> and</c>

00:40:24.570 --> 00:40:25.829
them<00:40:24.730><c> that</c><00:40:24.949><c> worship</c><00:40:25.269><c> therein.</c>

00:40:26.090 --> 00:40:28.750
But<00:40:26.269><c> the</c><00:40:26.530><c> court,</c><00:40:26.949><c> which</c><00:40:26.969><c> is</c><00:40:27.210><c> without</c><00:40:27.530><c> the</c><00:40:27.789><c> temple,</c><00:40:28.030><c> leave</c><00:40:28.349><c> out</c>

00:40:28.750 --> 00:40:29.969
and<00:40:29.269><c> measure</c><00:40:29.510><c> it</c><00:40:29.789><c> not.</c>

00:40:30.010 --> 00:40:33.130
For<00:40:30.170><c> it</c><00:40:30.309><c> is</c><00:40:30.469><c> given</c><00:40:30.650><c> unto</c><00:40:30.849><c> the</c><00:40:31.090><c> Gentiles,</c><00:40:32.230><c> and</c><00:40:32.409><c> the</c><00:40:32.570><c> holy</c><00:40:32.849><c> city</c>

00:40:33.130 --> 00:40:36.389
shall<00:40:33.369><c> they</c><00:40:33.670><c> tread</c><00:40:33.889><c> underfoot</c><00:40:34.590><c> forty</c><00:40:34.949><c> and</c><00:40:35.190><c> two</c><00:40:35.309><c> months.</c>

00:40:36.530 --> 00:40:39.550
And<00:40:36.750><c> I</c><00:40:36.849><c> will</c><00:40:36.969><c> give</c><00:40:37.150><c> power</c><00:40:37.789><c> unto</c><00:40:38.170><c> my</c><00:40:38.489><c> two</c><00:40:38.650><c> witnesses,</c><00:40:39.230><c> and</c><00:40:39.349><c> they</c>

00:40:39.550 --> 00:40:42.829
shall<00:40:39.789><c> prophesy</c><00:40:40.909><c> a</c><00:40:41.190><c> thousand</c><00:40:41.690><c> two</c><00:40:41.889><c> hundred</c><00:40:42.190><c> and</c><00:40:42.409><c> three</c><00:40:42.610><c> score</c>

00:40:42.829 --> 00:40:46.289
days<00:40:43.469><c> clothed</c><00:40:44.630><c> in</c><00:40:44.909><c> sackcloth.</c>

00:40:46.550 --> 00:40:50.250
Verse<00:40:47.050><c> seven,</c><00:40:48.030><c> And</c><00:40:48.289><c> when</c><00:40:48.469><c> they</c><00:40:48.769><c> shall</c><00:40:48.909><c> have</c><00:40:49.210><c> finished</c><00:40:49.429><c> their</c><00:40:49.710><c> testimony,</c>

00:40:50.349 --> 00:40:52.929
the<00:40:50.510><c> beast</c><00:40:50.829><c> that</c><00:40:51.070><c> ascends</c><00:40:51.389><c> out</c><00:40:51.570><c> of</c><00:40:51.670><c> the</c><00:40:51.869><c> bottomless</c><00:40:52.250><c> pit</c><00:40:52.489><c> shall</c><00:40:52.670><c> make</c>

00:40:52.929 --> 00:40:55.289
war<00:40:53.130><c> against</c><00:40:53.449><c> them</c><00:40:53.610><c> and</c><00:40:53.730><c> shall</c><00:40:53.949><c> overcome</c><00:40:54.369><c> them</c><00:40:54.590><c> and</c><00:40:54.750><c> kill</c><00:40:54.969><c> them.</c>

00:40:55.530 --> 00:40:58.929
And<00:40:55.769><c> after</c><00:40:56.090><c> three</c><00:40:56.389><c> days</c><00:40:56.710><c> and</c><00:40:56.889><c> a</c><00:40:56.969><c> half,</c><00:40:57.269><c> verse</c><00:40:57.469><c> eleven,</c><00:40:58.250><c> the</c><00:40:58.469><c> spirit</c><00:40:58.730><c> of</c>

00:40:58.929 --> 00:41:00.650
life<00:40:59.210><c> from</c><00:40:59.389><c> God</c><00:40:59.750><c> entered</c><00:41:00.110><c> into</c><00:41:00.489><c> them,</c>

00:41:00.730 --> 00:41:03.329
and<00:41:00.769><c> they</c><00:41:01.010><c> stood</c><00:41:01.130><c> upon</c><00:41:01.389><c> their</c><00:41:01.670><c> feet,</c><00:41:02.349><c> and</c><00:41:02.570><c> great</c><00:41:02.829><c> fear</c><00:41:03.110><c> fell</c>

00:41:03.329 --> 00:41:05.289
upon<00:41:03.630><c> them</c><00:41:03.829><c> which</c><00:41:04.010><c> saw</c><00:41:04.289><c> them.</c>

00:41:05.510 --> 00:41:07.750
And<00:41:05.789><c> they</c><00:41:05.969><c> heard</c><00:41:06.070><c> a</c><00:41:06.269><c> great</c><00:41:06.409><c> voice</c><00:41:06.730><c> from</c><00:41:06.949><c> heaven</c><00:41:07.210><c> saying</c><00:41:07.530><c> unto</c>

00:41:07.750 --> 00:41:08.989
them,<00:41:08.309><c> Come</c><00:41:08.389><c> up</c><00:41:08.650><c> hither.</c>

00:41:09.150 --> 00:41:12.170
And<00:41:09.349><c> they</c><00:41:09.610><c> ascended</c><00:41:09.929><c> up</c><00:41:10.170><c> to</c><00:41:10.289><c> heaven</c><00:41:10.550><c> in</c><00:41:10.829><c> a</c><00:41:11.010><c> cloud,</c><00:41:11.750><c> and</c><00:41:11.949><c> their</c>

00:41:12.170 --> 00:41:13.269
enemies<00:41:12.530><c> beheld</c><00:41:12.949><c> them.</c>

00:41:13.269 --> 00:41:16.610
And<00:41:13.789><c> the</c><00:41:14.050><c> same</c><00:41:14.289><c> hour</c><00:41:14.750><c> was</c><00:41:15.070><c> there</c><00:41:15.269><c> a</c><00:41:15.389><c> great</c><00:41:15.570><c> earthquake.</c>

00:41:19.130 --> 00:41:24.030
So<00:41:19.690><c> we</c><00:41:20.050><c> have</c><00:41:20.329><c> here</c><00:41:20.570><c> the</c><00:41:21.809><c> prophecy</c><00:41:22.230><c> or</c><00:41:22.429><c> the</c><00:41:22.630><c> vision</c><00:41:22.849><c> of</c><00:41:23.050><c> the</c><00:41:23.210><c> temple</c><00:41:23.449><c> and</c>

00:41:24.030 --> 00:41:25.289
the<00:41:24.210><c> two</c><00:41:24.349><c> witnesses.</c>

00:41:27.809 --> 00:41:30.750
So<00:41:28.269><c> the</c><00:41:28.530><c> dissenters,</c><00:41:29.150><c> the</c><00:41:29.369><c> protesters,</c><00:41:29.989><c> the</c><00:41:30.150><c> reformers</c><00:41:30.590><c> that</c>

00:41:30.750 --> 00:41:31.969
we've<00:41:30.909><c> been</c><00:41:31.130><c> talking</c><00:41:31.409><c> about,</c>

00:41:32.469 --> 00:41:35.630
they<00:41:32.769><c> all</c><00:41:32.969><c> appear</c><00:41:33.150><c> to</c><00:41:33.329><c> be</c><00:41:33.550><c> comprehended</c><00:41:34.050><c> in</c><00:41:34.329><c> this</c><00:41:35.170><c> prophecy</c>

00:41:35.630 --> 00:41:39.469
here<00:41:36.250><c> in</c><00:41:37.090><c> Revelation</c><00:41:37.550><c> chapter</c><00:41:38.329><c> 11.</c>

00:41:40.269 --> 00:41:44.110
We<00:41:40.829><c> read</c><00:41:41.389><c> that</c><00:41:41.630><c> John</c><00:41:41.869><c> was</c><00:41:42.130><c> told</c><00:41:42.349><c> to</c><00:41:42.570><c> take</c><00:41:42.789><c> a</c><00:41:43.030><c> reed</c><00:41:43.309><c> like</c><00:41:43.530><c> unto</c><00:41:43.829><c> a</c>

00:41:44.110 --> 00:41:47.230
rod<00:41:44.250><c> and</c><00:41:44.429><c> to</c><00:41:44.710><c> measure</c><00:41:44.889><c> the</c><00:41:45.150><c> temple</c><00:41:45.610><c> of</c><00:41:46.289><c> God.</c>

00:41:47.570 --> 00:41:49.889
And<00:41:47.750><c> I</c><00:41:48.070><c> think</c><00:41:48.250><c> we're</c><00:41:48.429><c> all</c><00:41:48.570><c> familiar</c><00:41:48.849><c> with</c><00:41:49.030><c> the</c><00:41:49.269><c> reed</c><00:41:49.389><c> as</c><00:41:49.650><c> a</c>

00:41:49.889 --> 00:41:50.710
measuring<00:41:50.210><c> instrument,</c>

00:41:50.789 --> 00:41:55.010
but<00:41:51.110><c> the</c><00:41:51.530><c> reference</c><00:41:51.869><c> here</c><00:41:52.090><c> to</c><00:41:52.269><c> the</c><00:41:52.530><c> rod</c><00:41:52.829><c> suggests</c><00:41:53.329><c> that</c><00:41:53.610><c> this</c>

00:41:55.010 --> 00:41:58.289
symbolic<00:41:55.550><c> story</c><00:41:55.869><c> has</c><00:41:56.150><c> to</c><00:41:56.329><c> do</c><00:41:56.449><c> with</c><00:41:56.710><c> chastisement</c><00:41:57.530><c> and</c><00:41:57.909><c> suffering.</c>

00:41:58.469 --> 00:42:02.769
So<00:41:58.650><c> the</c><00:41:58.849><c> rod</c><00:41:59.030><c> is</c><00:41:59.349><c> used</c><00:41:59.630><c> to</c><00:42:00.429><c> chasten</c><00:42:00.829><c> and</c><00:42:01.889><c> to</c><00:42:02.409><c> correct.</c>

00:42:02.769 --> 00:42:09.329
And<00:42:03.630><c> so</c><00:42:03.869><c> the</c><00:42:04.050><c> fact</c><00:42:04.230><c> that</c><00:42:04.449><c> he's</c><00:42:05.269><c> now</c><00:42:05.829><c> measuring</c><00:42:06.170><c> with</c><00:42:06.510><c> a</c><00:42:06.789><c> rod</c><00:42:07.010><c> suggests</c><00:42:07.489><c> that</c><00:42:07.849><c> now</c><00:42:08.130><c> there's</c><00:42:08.889><c> going</c><00:42:09.130><c> to</c>

00:42:09.329 --> 00:42:10.769
be<00:42:09.570><c> a</c><00:42:09.969><c> period</c><00:42:10.190><c> of</c><00:42:10.510><c> time</c>

00:42:10.769 --> 00:42:16.269
where<00:42:11.690><c> these</c><00:42:12.250><c> people</c><00:42:12.570><c> are</c><00:42:12.769><c> going</c><00:42:12.909><c> to</c><00:42:13.090><c> be</c><00:42:13.329><c> subject</c><00:42:13.750><c> to</c><00:42:14.530><c> suffering</c><00:42:14.969><c> and</c><00:42:15.389><c> chastisement.</c>

00:42:18.949 --> 00:42:22.630
So<00:42:19.050><c> John's</c><00:42:19.449><c> told</c><00:42:19.550><c> to</c><00:42:19.750><c> measure</c><00:42:19.969><c> the</c><00:42:20.349><c> inside</c><00:42:20.710><c> of</c><00:42:20.869><c> the</c><00:42:21.030><c> temple</c><00:42:21.309><c> proper</c><00:42:21.789><c> and</c><00:42:22.409><c> to</c>

00:42:22.630 --> 00:42:25.250
exclude<00:42:23.349><c> the</c><00:42:23.750><c> court</c><00:42:23.949><c> of</c><00:42:24.289><c> the</c><00:42:24.409><c> Gentiles.</c>

00:42:25.570 --> 00:42:28.610
And<00:42:25.849><c> we</c><00:42:25.989><c> know</c><00:42:26.130><c> that</c><00:42:26.409><c> true</c><00:42:26.670><c> believers</c><00:42:27.070><c> in</c><00:42:27.349><c> Scripture</c><00:42:27.690><c> are</c><00:42:28.030><c> referred</c><00:42:28.389><c> to</c>

00:42:28.610 --> 00:42:29.969
as<00:42:28.730><c> the</c><00:42:28.929><c> temple</c><00:42:29.250><c> of</c><00:42:29.550><c> God.</c>

00:42:29.969 --> 00:42:34.090
And<00:42:30.869><c> so</c><00:42:31.489><c> by</c><00:42:31.829><c> extension</c><00:42:32.469><c> the</c><00:42:32.710><c> court</c><00:42:32.849><c> of</c><00:42:33.030><c> the</c><00:42:33.150><c> Gentiles,</c><00:42:33.869><c> which</c>

00:42:34.090 --> 00:42:36.929
was<00:42:34.630><c> outside</c><00:42:35.170><c> of</c><00:42:35.590><c> the</c><00:42:35.789><c> temple</c><00:42:36.030><c> proper,</c>

00:42:37.050 --> 00:42:40.190
would<00:42:37.170><c> be</c><00:42:37.389><c> those</c><00:42:38.050><c> professing</c><00:42:38.789><c> Christians</c><00:42:39.250><c> that</c><00:42:39.489><c> are</c><00:42:39.730><c> outside</c>

00:42:40.190 --> 00:42:40.829
of<00:42:40.349><c> the</c><00:42:40.550><c> Ecclesia.</c>

00:42:40.889 --> 00:42:43.989
They're<00:42:41.150><c> nominal</c><00:42:41.670><c> Christians.</c><00:42:42.130><c> They</c><00:42:42.269><c> call</c><00:42:42.449><c> themselves</c><00:42:42.869><c> Christians,</c><00:42:43.769><c> but</c>

00:42:43.989 --> 00:42:46.289
in<00:42:44.230><c> fact</c><00:42:44.409><c> they're</c><00:42:44.630><c> not</c><00:42:44.849><c> truly</c><00:42:45.190><c> Christians.</c>

00:42:46.489 --> 00:42:50.750
So<00:42:46.789><c> the</c><00:42:46.989><c> vision</c><00:42:47.150><c> has</c><00:42:47.449><c> to</c><00:42:47.630><c> do</c><00:42:47.710><c> with</c><00:42:47.849><c> a</c><00:42:48.090><c> specific</c><00:42:48.489><c> measure</c><00:42:48.869><c> or</c><00:42:49.210><c> period</c><00:42:49.650><c> of</c>

00:42:50.750 --> 00:42:53.349
suffering<00:42:51.130><c> only</c><00:42:51.730><c> for</c><00:42:52.030><c> true</c><00:42:52.250><c> believers.</c>

00:42:53.469 --> 00:42:56.030
And<00:42:53.730><c> we</c><00:42:53.829><c> know</c><00:42:54.030><c> this</c><00:42:54.250><c> because</c><00:42:54.570><c> verse</c><00:42:54.869><c> 2</c><00:42:55.090><c> tells</c><00:42:55.409><c> us</c><00:42:55.670><c> that</c><00:42:55.829><c> the</c>

00:42:56.030 --> 00:42:59.190
holy<00:42:56.349><c> city</c><00:42:56.690><c> shall</c><00:42:56.969><c> they</c><00:42:57.230><c> tread</c><00:42:57.429><c> underfoot</c><00:42:58.010><c> forty</c><00:42:58.349><c> and</c><00:42:58.590><c> two</c><00:42:58.730><c> months.</c>

00:42:59.190 --> 00:43:04.590
They<00:42:59.949><c> here,</c><00:43:00.929><c> it's</c><00:43:01.650><c> suggested,</c><00:43:02.929><c> are</c><00:43:03.110><c> those</c><00:43:03.489><c> who</c><00:43:03.809><c> are</c><00:43:04.150><c> outside</c>

00:43:04.590 --> 00:43:08.110
the<00:43:04.849><c> temple</c><00:43:05.130><c> proper</c><00:43:05.570><c> and</c><00:43:05.909><c> in</c><00:43:06.190><c> the</c><00:43:06.409><c> court</c><00:43:06.590><c> of</c><00:43:06.869><c> the</c><00:43:06.989><c> Gentiles.</c>

00:43:08.570 --> 00:43:14.710
Those<00:43:08.969><c> who</c><00:43:09.210><c> are</c><00:43:09.389><c> going</c><00:43:09.570><c> to</c><00:43:09.889><c> tread</c><00:43:10.110><c> underfoot</c><00:43:10.789><c> the</c><00:43:11.070><c> true</c><00:43:11.329><c> believers</c><00:43:11.969><c> and</c>

00:43:14.710 --> 00:43:16.849
will<00:43:14.949><c> be</c><00:43:15.090><c> those</c><00:43:15.389><c> who</c><00:43:15.670><c> profess</c><00:43:16.030><c> to</c><00:43:16.230><c> be</c><00:43:16.389><c> Christians,</c>

00:43:16.929 --> 00:43:20.150
but<00:43:17.250><c> in</c><00:43:17.550><c> fact</c><00:43:17.769><c> they're</c><00:43:18.030><c> not.</c><00:43:18.429><c> And</c><00:43:18.590><c> so</c><00:43:18.670><c> the</c><00:43:18.849><c> period</c><00:43:19.070><c> of</c><00:43:19.329><c> time</c><00:43:19.489><c> that's</c><00:43:19.789><c> given</c><00:43:19.929><c> is</c>

00:43:20.150 --> 00:43:21.750
forty<00:43:20.489><c>-two</c><00:43:20.630><c> months.</c>

00:43:22.190 --> 00:43:26.570
Forty<00:43:22.610><c>-two</c><00:43:22.730><c> times</c><00:43:23.210><c> thirty</c><00:43:23.969><c> day</c><00:43:24.469><c> years</c><00:43:24.869><c> equals</c><00:43:25.570><c> twelve</c><00:43:26.050><c> hundred</c><00:43:26.369><c> and</c>

00:43:26.570 --> 00:43:27.510
sixty<00:43:26.889><c> years.</c>

00:43:27.510 --> 00:43:33.650
And<00:43:28.409><c> verse</c><00:43:28.829><c> 3</c><00:43:29.190><c> states</c><00:43:29.489><c> that</c><00:43:29.909><c> power</c><00:43:30.269><c> will</c><00:43:30.510><c> be</c><00:43:30.670><c> given</c><00:43:30.829><c> to</c><00:43:31.070><c> the</c><00:43:31.230><c> two</c><00:43:31.409><c> witnesses</c><00:43:31.809><c> who</c><00:43:32.110><c> will</c><00:43:32.449><c> prophesy</c><00:43:32.989><c> or</c>

00:43:33.650 --> 00:43:35.869
speak<00:43:34.070><c> for</c><00:43:34.409><c> the</c><00:43:34.610><c> same</c><00:43:34.829><c> period</c><00:43:35.110><c> of</c><00:43:35.389><c> time.</c>

00:43:36.269 --> 00:43:41.050
Twelve<00:43:36.429><c> hundred</c><00:43:36.750><c> and</c><00:43:36.869><c> sixty</c><00:43:37.389><c> years</c><00:43:38.210><c> on</c><00:43:39.309><c> the</c><00:43:39.469><c> day</c><00:43:39.610><c> for</c><00:43:39.809><c> a</c><00:43:39.909><c> year</c><00:43:40.070><c> principle.</c>

00:43:41.190 --> 00:43:43.969
And<00:43:41.349><c> verse</c><00:43:41.570><c> 7</c><00:43:41.949><c> states</c><00:43:42.329><c> that</c><00:43:42.570><c> after</c><00:43:42.889><c> the</c><00:43:43.090><c> two</c><00:43:43.230><c> witnesses</c><00:43:43.650><c> have</c>

00:43:43.969 --> 00:43:46.610
finished<00:43:44.510><c> their</c><00:43:44.809><c> testimony,</c><00:43:45.409><c> the</c><00:43:45.550><c> beast</c><00:43:45.809><c> will</c><00:43:46.050><c> make</c><00:43:46.309><c> war</c>

00:43:46.610 --> 00:43:47.269
with<00:43:46.909><c> them,</c>

00:43:47.670 --> 00:43:49.829
overcome<00:43:48.030><c> them</c><00:43:48.269><c> and</c><00:43:48.449><c> kill</c><00:43:48.670><c> them,</c><00:43:48.909><c> and</c><00:43:49.090><c> afterwards</c><00:43:49.530><c> they'll</c>

00:43:49.829 --> 00:43:53.289
be<00:43:50.130><c> resurrected</c><00:43:50.570><c> as</c><00:43:50.809><c> it</c><00:43:51.030><c> were</c><00:43:51.409><c> and</c><00:43:51.949><c> they'll</c><00:43:52.590><c> ascend</c><00:43:52.969><c> into</c>

00:43:53.289 --> 00:43:55.250
this<00:43:53.789><c> symbolic</c><00:43:54.849><c> heaven.</c>

00:43:55.250 --> 00:43:58.429
In<00:43:55.530><c> other</c><00:43:55.750><c> words,</c><00:43:56.030><c> a</c><00:43:56.090><c> political</c><00:43:57.190><c> heaven.</c>

00:43:59.389 --> 00:44:02.989
And<00:43:59.789><c> the</c><00:44:00.030><c> two</c><00:44:00.190><c> witnesses</c><00:44:00.550><c> are</c><00:44:00.829><c> not</c><00:44:01.030><c> necessarily</c><00:44:01.550><c> true</c><00:44:01.889><c> believers.</c>

00:44:04.329 --> 00:44:07.829
They<00:44:04.690><c> appear</c><00:44:04.989><c> to</c><00:44:05.289><c> represent</c><00:44:05.610><c> the</c><00:44:05.909><c> religious</c><00:44:06.190><c> and</c><00:44:06.449><c> the</c><00:44:06.610><c> political</c><00:44:07.150><c> dissenters</c><00:44:07.670><c> that</c>

00:44:07.829 --> 00:44:08.949
we've<00:44:08.050><c> been</c><00:44:08.190><c> talking</c><00:44:08.469><c> about</c>

00:44:08.949 --> 00:44:16.150
that<00:44:10.130><c> testified</c><00:44:10.829><c> against</c><00:44:11.590><c> papal</c><00:44:12.130><c> tyranny</c><00:44:12.610><c> such</c><00:44:12.949><c> as</c><00:44:14.190><c> the</c><00:44:15.349><c> Calvins,</c><00:44:15.929><c> the</c>

00:44:16.150 --> 00:44:19.489
Luthers,<00:44:16.849><c> the</c><00:44:17.250><c> Waldenses</c><00:44:17.750><c> and</c><00:44:17.949><c> all</c><00:44:18.090><c> the</c><00:44:18.210><c> rest</c><00:44:18.429><c> of</c><00:44:18.530><c> it.</c>

00:44:19.630 --> 00:44:22.929
And<00:44:20.250><c> some</c><00:44:20.389><c> of</c><00:44:20.469><c> them</c><00:44:20.630><c> actually</c><00:44:21.090><c> resorted</c><00:44:21.469><c> to</c><00:44:21.849><c> the</c><00:44:22.050><c> use</c><00:44:22.210><c> of</c><00:44:22.389><c> the</c><00:44:22.610><c> sword.</c>

00:44:22.929 --> 00:44:27.730
So<00:44:23.750><c> we</c><00:44:24.070><c> summarize</c><00:44:24.530><c> all</c><00:44:24.869><c> of</c><00:44:24.989><c> what</c><00:44:25.150><c> we've</c><00:44:25.469><c> just</c><00:44:25.869><c> said</c><00:44:26.070><c> and</c><00:44:26.349><c> suggested</c><00:44:26.909><c> with</c>

00:44:27.730 --> 00:44:29.150
the<00:44:27.909><c> following</c><00:44:28.289><c> table</c>

00:44:29.150 --> 00:44:34.070
that<00:44:29.969><c> just</c><00:44:30.269><c> helps</c><00:44:30.449><c> us</c><00:44:30.769><c> relate</c><00:44:30.989><c> at</c><00:44:31.130><c> least</c><00:44:31.389><c> a</c><00:44:31.769><c> handful</c><00:44:32.210><c> of</c><00:44:32.570><c> the</c>

00:44:34.070 --> 00:44:36.150
elements<00:44:34.510><c> of</c><00:44:34.869><c> that</c><00:44:35.170><c> prophecy.</c>

00:44:36.530 --> 00:44:40.769
The<00:44:37.090><c> rod</c><00:44:37.289><c> as</c><00:44:37.489><c> we</c><00:44:37.670><c> mentioned</c><00:44:37.969><c> being</c><00:44:38.269><c> a</c><00:44:38.510><c> symbol</c><00:44:38.710><c> of</c><00:44:38.989><c> chastisement</c><00:44:39.650><c> and</c><00:44:39.889><c> suffering.</c>

00:44:40.809 --> 00:44:43.250
The<00:44:41.070><c> temple</c><00:44:41.349><c> being</c><00:44:41.730><c> true</c><00:44:42.130><c> believers.</c>

00:44:43.610 --> 00:44:46.989
They<00:44:43.929><c> are</c><00:44:44.130><c> then</c><00:44:44.389><c> going</c><00:44:44.550><c> to</c><00:44:44.690><c> be</c><00:44:44.789><c> the</c><00:44:45.050><c> subject</c><00:44:45.409><c> of</c><00:44:45.630><c> that</c><00:44:45.969><c> suffering</c><00:44:46.349><c> at</c><00:44:46.730><c> the</c>

00:44:46.989 --> 00:44:49.710
hand<00:44:47.210><c> of</c><00:44:47.409><c> those</c><00:44:47.670><c> who</c><00:44:47.929><c> are</c><00:44:48.309><c> in</c><00:44:48.550><c> the</c><00:44:48.789><c> court</c><00:44:48.989><c> that</c><00:44:49.230><c> is</c><00:44:49.469><c> without.</c>

00:44:49.710 --> 00:44:52.530
In<00:44:49.869><c> other</c><00:44:50.030><c> words,</c><00:44:50.269><c> the</c><00:44:50.369><c> court</c><00:44:50.489><c> of</c><00:44:50.670><c> the</c><00:44:50.769><c> Gentiles</c><00:44:51.809><c> who</c><00:44:52.130><c> will</c><00:44:52.349><c> be</c>

00:44:52.530 --> 00:44:53.409
the<00:44:52.849><c> persecutors,</c>

00:44:53.429 --> 00:44:57.130
the<00:44:53.590><c> ones</c><00:44:53.750><c> who</c><00:44:54.090><c> tread</c><00:44:54.349><c> down</c><00:44:55.210><c> the</c><00:44:55.570><c> true</c><00:44:55.829><c> believers</c><00:44:56.269><c> for</c><00:44:56.610><c> this</c>

00:44:57.130 --> 00:45:00.250
finite<00:44:57.510><c> period</c><00:44:57.829><c> of</c><00:44:58.110><c> time</c><00:44:58.289><c> that</c><00:44:58.469><c> God</c><00:44:58.730><c> has</c><00:44:59.190><c> defined.</c>

00:45:00.650 --> 00:45:04.590
The<00:45:00.909><c> two</c><00:45:01.090><c> witnesses</c><00:45:01.530><c> being</c><00:45:02.650><c> a</c><00:45:03.429><c> combination</c><00:45:03.889><c> of</c><00:45:04.190><c> political</c>

00:45:04.590 --> 00:45:05.889
and<00:45:04.849><c> religious</c><00:45:05.289><c> protesters,</c>

00:45:06.090 --> 00:45:09.309
some<00:45:06.269><c> of</c><00:45:06.429><c> whom</c><00:45:06.550><c> actually</c><00:45:07.110><c> literally</c><00:45:07.630><c> fought</c><00:45:08.030><c> wars,</c><00:45:09.130><c> civil</c>

00:45:09.309 --> 00:45:12.909
wars<00:45:09.690><c> against</c><00:45:10.650><c> the</c><00:45:11.489><c> Catholic</c><00:45:11.909><c> rulers.</c>

00:45:13.369 --> 00:45:15.630
There<00:45:13.449><c> was</c><00:45:13.650><c> a</c><00:45:13.889><c> reference</c><00:45:14.050><c> also,</c><00:45:14.510><c> we</c><00:45:14.809><c> didn't</c><00:45:14.989><c> talk</c><00:45:15.289><c> about</c><00:45:15.469><c> it,</c>

00:45:15.869 --> 00:45:17.949
but<00:45:15.949><c> a</c><00:45:16.170><c> reference</c><00:45:16.409><c> to</c><00:45:16.769><c> sackcloth</c><00:45:17.309><c> in</c><00:45:17.469><c> this</c><00:45:17.710><c> vision.</c>

00:45:17.949 --> 00:45:20.449
Of<00:45:18.150><c> course,</c><00:45:18.429><c> again,</c><00:45:18.690><c> talking</c><00:45:19.010><c> about</c><00:45:19.289><c> affliction.</c>

00:45:20.730 --> 00:45:23.409
The<00:45:20.909><c> ascending</c><00:45:21.309><c> to</c><00:45:21.590><c> heaven</c><00:45:21.849><c> is</c><00:45:22.150><c> the</c><00:45:22.449><c> political</c><00:45:22.869><c> resurrection</c>

00:45:23.409 --> 00:45:25.250
and<00:45:23.750><c> elevation</c><00:45:24.150><c> of</c><00:45:24.389><c> the</c><00:45:24.610><c> Huguenots,</c>

00:45:25.710 --> 00:45:28.349
who<00:45:25.889><c> while</c><00:45:26.150><c> initially</c><00:45:26.570><c> were</c><00:45:26.989><c> almost</c><00:45:27.449><c> exterminated,</c>

00:45:28.730 --> 00:45:33.349
but<00:45:29.010><c> subsequently</c><00:45:29.550><c> after</c><00:45:29.889><c> the</c><00:45:30.090><c> French</c><00:45:30.349><c> Revolution</c><00:45:30.849><c> were</c><00:45:31.090><c> actually</c><00:45:32.289><c> elevated</c><00:45:32.969><c> and</c>

00:45:33.349 --> 00:45:36.349
reinstated<00:45:34.250><c> as</c><00:45:34.650><c> a</c><00:45:34.949><c> political</c><00:45:35.289><c> force.</c>

00:45:36.750 --> 00:45:41.530
And<00:45:36.869><c> of</c><00:45:36.989><c> course,</c><00:45:37.190><c> the</c><00:45:37.309><c> reference</c><00:45:37.630><c> in</c><00:45:37.809><c> the</c><00:45:37.989><c> chapter</c><00:45:38.250><c> to</c><00:45:38.469><c> the</c><00:45:38.610><c> great</c><00:45:38.789><c> earthquake</c><00:45:39.250><c> also</c><00:45:40.809><c> speaks</c><00:45:41.269><c> to</c>

00:45:41.530 --> 00:45:44.590
the<00:45:41.710><c> fact</c><00:45:41.849><c> that</c><00:45:42.010><c> there</c><00:45:42.269><c> was</c><00:45:42.949><c> the</c><00:45:43.610><c> French</c><00:45:44.010><c> Revolution.</c>

00:45:44.590 --> 00:45:48.190
We're<00:45:44.889><c> going</c><00:45:45.010><c> to</c><00:45:45.130><c> look</c><00:45:45.289><c> at</c><00:45:45.429><c> the</c><00:45:45.849><c> timeframes</c><00:45:46.610><c> that</c><00:45:47.429><c> have</c><00:45:47.769><c> been</c>

00:45:48.190 --> 00:45:51.150
sort<00:45:48.429><c> of</c><00:45:48.710><c> scattered</c><00:45:49.030><c> in</c><00:45:49.469><c> the</c><00:45:49.750><c> various</c><00:45:50.090><c> prophecies</c><00:45:50.610><c> that</c><00:45:50.789><c> we've</c><00:45:51.010><c> been</c>

00:45:51.150 --> 00:45:51.670
looking<00:45:51.409><c> at,</c>

00:45:51.710 --> 00:45:55.090
including<00:45:51.969><c> this</c><00:45:52.269><c> one</c><00:45:52.449><c> here,</c><00:45:53.289><c> God</c><00:45:53.489><c> willing</c><00:45:53.789><c> tomorrow</c><00:45:54.130><c> morning,</c>

00:45:55.369 --> 00:45:58.710
in<00:45:55.510><c> an</c><00:45:55.630><c> attempt</c><00:45:55.829><c> to</c><00:45:56.070><c> sort</c><00:45:56.269><c> of</c><00:45:56.349><c> do</c><00:45:56.550><c> those</c><00:45:56.909><c> timeframes</c><00:45:57.369><c> some</c><00:45:57.630><c> justice,</c><00:45:58.510><c> but</c>

00:45:58.710 --> 00:46:02.409
right<00:45:58.889><c> now</c><00:45:59.030><c> we're</c><00:45:59.190><c> just</c><00:45:59.329><c> sort</c><00:45:59.530><c> of</c><00:46:00.309><c> breezing</c><00:46:01.190><c> over</c><00:46:02.150><c> that.</c>

00:46:02.570 --> 00:46:04.730
I<00:46:02.710><c> think</c><00:46:02.889><c> we've</c><00:46:03.210><c> more</c><00:46:03.409><c> or</c><00:46:03.489><c> less</c><00:46:03.670><c> covered</c><00:46:03.989><c> all</c><00:46:04.210><c> that</c><00:46:04.329><c> we</c><00:46:04.489><c> wanted</c>

00:46:04.730 --> 00:46:06.610
to<00:46:05.769><c> cover</c><00:46:06.130><c> today.</c>

00:46:07.110 --> 00:46:09.090
I'm<00:46:07.329><c> grateful</c><00:46:07.590><c> that</c><00:46:07.809><c> we</c><00:46:08.030><c> were</c><00:46:08.050><c> able</c><00:46:08.230><c> to</c><00:46:08.389><c> get</c><00:46:08.530><c> through</c><00:46:08.730><c> all</c><00:46:08.909><c> of</c><00:46:09.010><c> that.</c>

00:46:09.150 --> 00:46:13.070
I<00:46:09.329><c> apologize</c><00:46:09.710><c> that</c><00:46:09.889><c> it</c><00:46:09.989><c> was</c><00:46:10.090><c> a</c><00:46:10.170><c> bit</c><00:46:10.289><c> of</c><00:46:10.469><c> a</c><00:46:10.570><c> rush,</c><00:46:11.429><c> but</c><00:46:11.590><c> God</c><00:46:11.789><c> willing</c><00:46:12.050><c> tomorrow</c><00:46:12.389><c> we'll</c><00:46:12.829><c> pick</c>

00:46:13.070 --> 00:46:14.050
up<00:46:13.289><c> where</c><00:46:13.449><c> we</c><00:46:13.610><c> left</c><00:46:13.809><c> off.</c>

00:46:14.050 --> 00:46:15.489
Thanks<00:46:14.289><c> for</c><00:46:14.510><c> your</c><00:46:14.730><c> attention.</c>